Ivana
Ivana McCombe
Case Study 1: Infectious Diseases
#4.) What is the rationale for suggesting a lack of strenuous physical activity to a patient with an EBV infection?
When an individual has an EBV infection, they will (most likely) also have an enlarged spleen and inflamed liver. Avoiding physical activity for about four to five weeks after diagnosis is insisted on to prevent a spleen rupture. The spleen will already be more sensitive within this state of the infection, and rupturing it can be fatal.
Reference: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Epstein+barr+virus+mononucleosis #5.) What innate and acquired protective mechanisms should have been elicited in response to Blake’s viral infection?
For the case of the EBV, a person’s innate immunity in a way preps for acquired (adaptive) immunity.
Innate: Once the virus’ DNAs and proteins are made familiar to the body, this stimulates not only an interferon (elevated levels of INF-y specifically) response, but also NK cell activation. The interferon INF-y is made by activated T and NK cells; in studies this INF has shown to be responsible for causing a number of the symptoms for infectious mononucleosis. Simultaneously functioning at this time is an immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 (interleukin 10). IL-10 is produced by lymphocytes and monocytes – it serves to help suppress the production of cytokines and inhibit the spread of T-cells. This in turn inhibits the ability of the T-cells to make more INF-y. The dance of this interferon and cytokine is a crucial immunological factor within the duration of EBV/infectious mononucleosis.
Acquired (adaptive): Both cell (t-cells) and humoral (antibody) mediated immune responses are facilitated in this case. The humoral response is important for actually diagnosing infectious mononucleosis while the cell response is responsible for the virus’ replication and also some of the diseases symptoms. The antibodies IgA and IgM are found in higher populations of most
Case Study 1: Infectious Diseases
#4.) What is the rationale for suggesting a lack of strenuous physical activity to a patient with an EBV infection?
When an individual has an EBV infection, they will (most likely) also have an enlarged spleen and inflamed liver. Avoiding physical activity for about four to five weeks after diagnosis is insisted on to prevent a spleen rupture. The spleen will already be more sensitive within this state of the infection, and rupturing it can be fatal.
Reference: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Epstein+barr+virus+mononucleosis #5.) What innate and acquired protective mechanisms should have been elicited in response to Blake’s viral infection?
For the case of the EBV, a person’s innate immunity in a way preps for acquired (adaptive) immunity.
Innate: Once the virus’ DNAs and proteins are made familiar to the body, this stimulates not only an interferon (elevated levels of INF-y specifically) response, but also NK cell activation. The interferon INF-y is made by activated T and NK cells; in studies this INF has shown to be responsible for causing a number of the symptoms for infectious mononucleosis. Simultaneously functioning at this time is an immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 (interleukin 10). IL-10 is produced by lymphocytes and monocytes – it serves to help suppress the production of cytokines and inhibit the spread of T-cells. This in turn inhibits the ability of the T-cells to make more INF-y. The dance of this interferon and cytokine is a crucial immunological factor within the duration of EBV/infectious mononucleosis.
Acquired (adaptive): Both cell (t-cells) and humoral (antibody) mediated immune responses are facilitated in this case. The humoral response is important for actually diagnosing infectious mononucleosis while the cell response is responsible for the virus’ replication and also some of the diseases symptoms. The antibodies IgA and IgM are found in higher populations of most