In Second Treatise, Locke states that the world is given “to mankind in common” by God, yet his argument is for the right of private property with the justifications of: the property must be designated for the property to be useful, those who labor for the property own it through their labor, and any man can take as much property as he wants as long as the property is used and not spoiled.…
This essay is mostly defending the rationality of religious faith with evidence of religious truth lacking. In section X William James says, “In truths dependent on our personal action, then, faith based on desire is certainly a lawful and possibly an indispensable thing.” William James defends that religious beliefs depend on ones personal actions and can also be justified through ones faith based on desire. He states that the evidence of religion ultimately depends on our belief. James concludes that whether we choose to believe or not we decide our own…
Jefferson, supporting freedom for the thirteen colonies, based his stance in his writing of the Declaration of Independence on John Locke’s principles, seeing as he was an advocate of natural rights. The document later gives a list of all the problems leading up to and causing the Americans decision to obtaining independence. On July 2, 1776, Congress voted to pass a motion calling for nonalignment from Britain and was approved on July 4,…
I feel like the first sentence of Earl’s statement is true because those two-thirds of adolescent and adult usually start drinking at a young age. That would make it easier for them to get attached to alcohol . Having people take a written test just to get a drinking license could help but it wouldn’t help as much. I also think that stores would lose money because not everyone that drinks is going to have a drinking license. I disagree with Earl Rochester argument.…
While I was reading John Locke’s Second Treatise of Government, I found many of the ideas that Locke had familiar. I find that the way many governments in this world operate resonates with many of Locke’s ideas.…
Locke claims that “all ideas originate in sensation.” What does Locke mean by sensation? It is “the causal operation of external objects on our sensory organs.” As I assume, sensory organs relates to sight, sound, taste, touch, and smell. The question that comes to mind when reading Locke’s claim is how can you sense an idea? An idea is not able to be sensed. You cannot see an idea, cannot hear an idea, cannot taste an idea, cannot feel an idea, and cannot smell an idea. The only one that I believe could be argued by Pascal would be that an idea can be sensed through hearing. Yet, to hear an idea, you are technically only sensing the sound waves from another person through the air; you are not actually hearing an idea. An idea is a concept…
John Locke is one of Britain’s foremost philosophers, and, at least in terms of political theory, one of the most influential modern philosophers as well. Although there have been arguments made against the true extent of his impact, it is generally agreed that many of the founders of the United States took his views into account while founding the government. Since that time many countries have taken his works, such a Second Treatise of Government, into account when reshaping their own system. However, beyond Locke’s political theory, he was also an epistemologist, examining how people can gain knowledge and formulate ideas. His thoughts on the matter led him to the conclusion that people can only know anything through experience. Beyond the most basic of instincts, such as the sucking reflex in infants, people are not hardwired with knowledge or morality. This conclusion shaped every aspect of Locke’s thought, including his political theory. There is, of course, a difficulty with his conclusion, and that is the Veil of Ideas.…
Locke clarifies that his “Treatise” is composed of things that he is definitely persuaded by. He claims that he is “liable to make just as many mistakes as the person reading.” With this, he says that if one does not gain anything from his writings, to not blame him. His objective is to enlighten his writers (mainly his friends) and offer them insight through his essay. Another crucial idea Locke presents is that not everything in this world is universally agreed on. He states, “it is not one simple view of it that will gain it admittance into every understanding or fix it there with a clear and lasting impression.”…
Amy Part One: Area of Philosophy After studying philosophy for the past month I have come to the conclusion that we can’t know anything for sure. I made this comment to my philosopher friends George Berkeley and John Locke. They both looked at me and started arguing with one another on their beliefs.…
The proper relationship between faith and reason is the bridged belief between God’s existence through reason. Reason is the path to faith. “Cur Deus Homo” is an ontological digression between Anselm, a Benedictine theologian and philosopher and his long-time friend, student, and interlocutor, Boso. Boso consistently challenges Anselm’s spiritual knowledge and beliefs on the nature of God, questioning from a position of pure logic and reason.…
As seen in the previous argument, the State doesn't have the authority to force men into religion, to go against their own conscience. Going back to Locke’s state of nature, he insists on the consent aspect of men leaving that perfect equality in order to protect their property. Accordingly, we consent to leave the state of nature to enter a society and this very consent has to keep going in order to protect men's rights against Christianity authority. Analyzing the words of Locke, no men can desire to have the magistrate in their absolute power unless compelled by force against right of freedom: “No man by nature is bound unto any particular church or sect, but everyone joins himself voluntarily to that…
In this paper, I will explore the topic of knowledge innatism and define what it is and what it isn’t, Locke’s objections to it, and responses to these objections. After raising an objection, I will argue either that 1) this objection is weak or 2) this objection works.…
[ 1 ]. Richard Taylor, Ethics, Faith, and Reason. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall 1985), 98…
In this sense, the pattern I showed according to which faith originates and sustains knowledge until contemplation reflects the general structure of Bonaventure metaphysical thought as built around the three concepts of emanation, exemplarity, and consummation : as faith is grounded on the emanation of authority and of the revealing light from God, reason reflects on the relationship between creation and the divine exemplars, and finally contemplation signals the return of the mind in the divinity. Then, this means that Bonaventure's work around this area can be of great relevance to all those interested into challenging any epistemological paradigm which sets faith and knowledge one against the other. Moreover, it creates the basis for the formulation of a new paradigm, one which understands faith as an eliminable component of our effort for achieving knowledge of our…
1. Justification. We can distinguish between two sorts of belief: the mediated and the unmediated. Mediated beliefs are those which we reach by some strategy which starts from other beliefs we have. Inference is such a strategy (but not the only one); we infer that will rain soon from our separate beliefs that it is mid-morning and that it is growing very dark outside. Mediated beliefs raise the question of whether the strategy we adopt is one to which we have a right—one we do well to use. Unmediated beliefs are those which we adopt without moving to them from other beliefs we already have. These raise different problems, which concern the source of our right to believe. I open my eyes and, because of what I see, immediately believe that there is a book in front of me. If I do well in adopting that belief, it is justified (or I am justified in adopting it). This focus on…