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Science Investigatory Project
How to make a Biodegradable Plastic using cassava starch?
ABSTRACT
The study aims to produce biodegradable plastic using cassava starch as its main component. Cassava starch was mixed with water, epoxydized soya beanoil (ESBO), glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The mixture was then compressed and tested. Three preparations were made from the mixture. The first preparation contained 50 grams starch, 50 grams water, 50 grams PVA, 2.5 grams ESBO, and 2.5 grams glycerol. The second preparation contained 65 grams starch, 65 grams water, 50 grams PVA, 2.5 grams ESBO, and 2.5 grams gycerol. The third preparation contained 80 grams starch, 80 grams water, 50 grams PVA, 2.5 grams ESBO, and 2.5 grams gycerol. The first preparation exhibited the most desirable mechanical properties. The material produced was proven to be biodegradable.
Biodegradable plastics can be derived from many starch-based materials. Starch is a natural polymer, and can be readily attacked and broken down by microbes. In industry, starch is broken down to make lactic acid, which is then polymerized to form the biodegradable plastic polylactide (PLA). However, it is also possible to make your own biodegradable plastic sample directly from potato starch, using basic laboratory equipment.
Instructions
1. Extracting the Starch
1Grate the potato and add it to the mortar.
2Add about 100 cubic centimeters of distilled water and grind the potato mixture thoroughly. Pour the liquid off through a tea strainer into a beaker. Repeat this procedure twice more.
3Leave the liquid to settle in the beaker. The white starch should sink to the bottom. Decant the water carefully. Add another 100 cubic centimeters of distilled water, stir, leave to settle and decant.
Making the Plastic
4Measure 22 cubic centimeters of distilled water and add it to a beaker together with 4 grams of the potato slurry from Section 1. Add 3 cubic centimeters of dilute hydrochloric acid.
How to make a Biodegradable Plastic using cassava starch?
ABSTRACT
The study aims to produce biodegradable plastic using cassava starch as its main component. Cassava starch was mixed with water, epoxydized soya beanoil (ESBO), glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The mixture was then compressed and tested. Three preparations were made from the mixture. The first preparation contained 50 grams starch, 50 grams water, 50 grams PVA, 2.5 grams ESBO, and 2.5 grams glycerol. The second preparation contained 65 grams starch, 65 grams water, 50 grams PVA, 2.5 grams ESBO, and 2.5 grams gycerol. The third preparation contained 80 grams starch, 80 grams water, 50 grams PVA, 2.5 grams ESBO, and 2.5 grams gycerol. The first preparation exhibited the most desirable mechanical properties. The material produced was proven to be biodegradable.
Biodegradable plastics can be derived from many starch-based materials. Starch is a natural polymer, and can be readily attacked and broken down by microbes. In industry, starch is broken down to make lactic acid, which is then polymerized to form the biodegradable plastic polylactide (PLA). However, it is also possible to make your own biodegradable plastic sample directly from potato starch, using basic laboratory equipment.
Instructions
1. Extracting the Starch
1Grate the potato and add it to the mortar.
2Add about 100 cubic centimeters of distilled water and grind the potato mixture thoroughly. Pour the liquid off through a tea strainer into a beaker. Repeat this procedure twice more.
3Leave the liquid to settle in the beaker. The white starch should sink to the bottom. Decant the water carefully. Add another 100 cubic centimeters of distilled water, stir, leave to settle and decant.
Making the Plastic
4Measure 22 cubic centimeters of distilled water and add it to a beaker together with 4 grams of the potato slurry from Section 1. Add 3 cubic centimeters of dilute hydrochloric acid.