Karl Marx Structural Funcionalism
1. Conflict/Functionalist Theories KARL MARX EMILE DURKHEIM
2. CONFLICT THEORY Begins with Marx and his analysis of historyThesis/antithesis = struggle (conflict)Synthesis = a new order is produced because of the struggle between the classesAll of history can be understood in this wayThree stages of history: feudalism, capitalism & socialism (it was an inevitable destination!) (Many call it communism)
3. Always a struggleThe materialist view of history = the most important determinant of social life is the work people are doing, especially work that results in provision of the basic necessities of life, food, clothing and shelter. Marx thought that the way the work is socially organized and the technology used in production will have a strong impact on every other aspect of society.
4. Power=ownershipHe maintained that everything of value in society results from human labour. Thus, Marx saw working men and women as engaged in making society, in creating the conditions for their own existence.Every part of human history and existence must be understood through the lens of social/economic theoryAll relationships are based on conflict/struggleWho has the power? Who wants it? Who owns the resources?
5. Only 1 institution: private propertyThe central institution of capitalist society is private property, the system by which capital (that is, money, machines, tools, factories, and other material objects used in production) is controlled by a small minority of the population. This leads to two opposed classes, the owners of capital (called the bourgeoisie) and the workers (called the proletariat), whose only property is their own labour time, which they have to sell to the capitalists.
6. Economic exploitation leads directly to political oppression, as owners make use of their economic power to gain control of the state and turn it into a servant of bourgeois economic interests. Police power, for instance, is used to enforce property rights and guarantee unfair
2. CONFLICT THEORY Begins with Marx and his analysis of historyThesis/antithesis = struggle (conflict)Synthesis = a new order is produced because of the struggle between the classesAll of history can be understood in this wayThree stages of history: feudalism, capitalism & socialism (it was an inevitable destination!) (Many call it communism)
3. Always a struggleThe materialist view of history = the most important determinant of social life is the work people are doing, especially work that results in provision of the basic necessities of life, food, clothing and shelter. Marx thought that the way the work is socially organized and the technology used in production will have a strong impact on every other aspect of society.
4. Power=ownershipHe maintained that everything of value in society results from human labour. Thus, Marx saw working men and women as engaged in making society, in creating the conditions for their own existence.Every part of human history and existence must be understood through the lens of social/economic theoryAll relationships are based on conflict/struggleWho has the power? Who wants it? Who owns the resources?
5. Only 1 institution: private propertyThe central institution of capitalist society is private property, the system by which capital (that is, money, machines, tools, factories, and other material objects used in production) is controlled by a small minority of the population. This leads to two opposed classes, the owners of capital (called the bourgeoisie) and the workers (called the proletariat), whose only property is their own labour time, which they have to sell to the capitalists.
6. Economic exploitation leads directly to political oppression, as owners make use of their economic power to gain control of the state and turn it into a servant of bourgeois economic interests. Police power, for instance, is used to enforce property rights and guarantee unfair