Kelman Proposed Three Types Of Conformity
Conformity to majority influence
Types of Conformity
Kelman (1958) proposed three types of conformity:
Compliance – going along with others to gain their approval or to avoid their disapproval
Internalisation – going along with others because you have accepted their point of view because it is consistent with your own
Identification – going along with other because you have accepted their point of views because of a desire to be like them
Compliance
When exposed to the views or actions of the majority, individuals may engage in a process of social comparison, concentrating on what they say or do so that they can adjust their own actions to fit in with them. Identification with the majority is desirable; the individual may simply go along with the points of views expressed by the majority without analysing them. This results in public compliance.
Internalisation
Individuals are encouraged to engage in the process of validation, …show more content…
Level of conformity increased.
Self-efficacy
Size of the majority
Very little conformity when the majority consisted of one or two people.
Under the pressure of a majority of three, conformity levels jumped to 30%.
Size of the majority is important up to a certain point
The unanimity of the majority
When the real participant was supported by other individuals, conformity levels dropped.
32% to just 5.5%
Breaking the group’s consensus appeared to be the major factor in conformity reaction
Individual differences Eagly and Carli (1981)
Carried out a meta-analysis of 145 studies
Found that women were more compliant than men
Explained by differences in sex roles whereby women are more interpersonally-orientated than men
Found that male researchers were more likely than female researchers to find gender differences
Females complied more because they were less confident, not because they were more conformist
Can you…?
Types of Conformity
Kelman (1958) proposed three types of conformity:
Compliance – going along with others to gain their approval or to avoid their disapproval
Internalisation – going along with others because you have accepted their point of view because it is consistent with your own
Identification – going along with other because you have accepted their point of views because of a desire to be like them
Compliance
When exposed to the views or actions of the majority, individuals may engage in a process of social comparison, concentrating on what they say or do so that they can adjust their own actions to fit in with them. Identification with the majority is desirable; the individual may simply go along with the points of views expressed by the majority without analysing them. This results in public compliance.
Internalisation
Individuals are encouraged to engage in the process of validation, …show more content…
Level of conformity increased.
Self-efficacy
Size of the majority
Very little conformity when the majority consisted of one or two people.
Under the pressure of a majority of three, conformity levels jumped to 30%.
Size of the majority is important up to a certain point
The unanimity of the majority
When the real participant was supported by other individuals, conformity levels dropped.
32% to just 5.5%
Breaking the group’s consensus appeared to be the major factor in conformity reaction
Individual differences Eagly and Carli (1981)
Carried out a meta-analysis of 145 studies
Found that women were more compliant than men
Explained by differences in sex roles whereby women are more interpersonally-orientated than men
Found that male researchers were more likely than female researchers to find gender differences
Females complied more because they were less confident, not because they were more conformist
Can you…?