21-year old woman that has had type 1 diabetes for the past 8 years, was brought to the hospital in a coma. She was prescribed to take 92 units of insulin a day to maintain her sugar levels within normal limits and prevent excess sugar in her urine. Upon admission she was hypontensive, tachycardic and hyperventilating. Her labs show she is acidonic, arterial blood carbon dioxide levels were low, blood oxygen tension is normal, bicarbonate levels are really low indicating metabolic acidosis, low sodium levels, slightly high level of potassium, Chloride level is on the low end of normal, very high levels of blood urea and nitrogen, total carbon dioxide levels are really low, extremely high sugar…
Hyperkalemia: potassium sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, impaired renal excretion, cramping leg pain PEAKED TWAVE PROLONGED PR INTERVAL WHICH LEADS TO VFIB , effect cardiac electrical receptor cells, treat with lasics and kayexalate, force k+ into ECF to ICF with glucose and insulin…
If the patient has hypoglycaemia from too much insulin, the body will not produce ketones.…
Wisse, B. (2013, June 7). Diabetic Ketoacidosis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Retrieved April 25, 2014, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000320.htm…
Why does potassium concentration rise in patients with acidosis? What is this called? What effects does it have?…
A 21-year-old noncompliant male with a history of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus was found in a coma. His blood glucose was high, as well as his urine glucose, urine ketones, and serum ketones. His serum bicarbonate was <12 mEq/L. His respiration was exaggerated and his breath had an acetone odor. His blood pressure was 90/60 and his pulse weak and rapid (120).…
Calcinosis cutis is rare condition signified by calcium deposition in skin and subcutaneous tissues. In all cases of calcinosis cutis, insoluble compounds of calcium are deposited within the skin due to local and/or systemic factors. These calcium salts consist primarily of hydroxyapatite crystals or amorphous calcium phosphate. It is commonly seen in blacks, and no apparent gender predilection is noted (6,7)…
| This is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin. The immune system attacks and destroys beta cells to the point where patients no longer have sufficient insulin capacity to control blood glucose, and eventually loses the ability to produce insulin and depend on insulin injections. They are susceptible to severe metabolic derangements. Without enough insulin, glucose stays in the blood and creates high levels of blood sugar. Over time, it can cause damage to your kidneys, heart, nerves, eyes, and other organs. Your body needs the glucose to use it as an energy source. It causes depletion of protein and fat stores. So, if your body does not produce enough insulin for proper glucose metabolism, you have type I diabetes.…
Existed evidence notified that changed in the metabolic processes including oxidative stress, mitochondrial metabolism and absorption of glucose is concerned to altered MSC differentiation. Mitochondrial metabolism and ROS generation play crucial roles in adipogenic differentiation [37, 47-49]. It has been investigated that exogenous hydrogen peroxide increased adipogenic differentiation of MSCs, while mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants decreased it. Moreover, ROS that generated through mitochondrial complex III is crucial for initiation of adipogenic transcription factors [49]. Therefore, enhanced mitochondrial metabolism is a fundamental factor and prerequisite for adipogenesis differentiation by blocking the mitochondrial respiratory pathways [47]. In addition, it has been…
If you have decided to lose weight this spring, then you might want to consider the Ketogenic diet. The diet has been around for a long time and was once used to treat patients with epileptic or seizure problems, especially among young kids. Nowadays, the diet has lost its popularity with the advent of prescription drugs that treat the health problem. The diet however is used by many dieters around the world because of its efficacy and although diets have its side effects, knowing about the diet and following the rules can help one lose weight without compromising their overall health.…
The lack of available insulin results in a disorder in the metabolism of carbs, protein, and fat. Because they are attempting to rid the body of excess glucose, the kidneys excrete the glucose along with water and electrolytes (esp. sodium and potassium). The fatty acids are converted into ketone bodies by the liver. Ketone bodies are acidic; their accumulation in the circulation due to lack of insulin leads to metabolic acidosis.…
HCS 245 Diabetes presentation Yesenia Echavarria December 08, 2014 Cheryl Maeux Diabetes History 1552 BC. This is the initial known evidence of Diabetes. 1500 BC. Ants are drawn to the urine of individuals with an enigmatic emaciating disease.…
Although nowhere near as popular as they were in the 90's when the Atkins diet was seemingly omnipresent, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets are still very highly regarded in many circles as effective, maintainable weight loss diets. Below are a few tips to maximize your success on a ketogenic diet.…
Growth and Nutritional Status of Children with Epilepsy on Ketogenic Diet: A Preliminary Prospective Long-term Study…
reasons the ketone diet is beneficial for treating inflammatory disease is because it reverses the effects of the SAD diet. August McLaughlin from Livestrong says, “High-glycemic carbs can cause blood sugar irregularities and trigger or worsen inflammatory responses.” (Carbohydrates and Inflammation). High carb diets are creating all of this metabolic derangement with inflammatory responses. Switching from the standard american diet to the ketogenic diet drastically improves symptoms of inflammatory disease immediately which is a positive response for dieters.…