In the late eighties and early nineties, the international community became increasingly concerned by the problem of climate change and realized that it is indeed an acute global issue. Amidst such an atmosphere, the text of an international treaty, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, and the Convention entered into force in 1994. However, by 1995 the countries realized that the provisions on emission reductions in the Convention were not adequate . The Kyoto Protocol, adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997, was a result of the ensuing negotiations to make the global response to climate change more effective. The UNFCCC defines the Kyoto Protocol…
Curry, Bill, and McCarthy, Shawn. "Canada Formally Abandons Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change." The Globe and Mail. The Globe and Mail Inc., 12 Dec. 2011. Web. 05 May 2013.…
“34 industrialized nations legally bound to cut emissions, excluding the U.S., China and Australia.” (Source C) These three countries represent one of the flaws in the Kyoto Protocol. For the United States of America, cutting their carbon dioxide emissions by over a third would have greatly risked the economy of the country. (Source E) Prioritizing the economy of their…
a. An international treaty negotiated in 1997 in Kyoto, Japan, that continued its signatories to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide.…
The Paris Agreement Act is not an act that the United States should have withdrawn from. Climate change is real, and global warming is affecting the world daily. Multiple statistics support this. Although you have prevented the U.S from ultimately changing our course of burning fossil fuels, there is still a chance to enter the agreement once again. For instance, Hawaii has already agreed to keep the Paris Agreement restrictions in their state. Many states will follow in their footsteps, as much of the population believes in climate change. There would be no point in staying isolated from the rest of the nation and the world, especially if the issue is on something so significant to the survival of the human race. Nevertheless, the U.S produces…
Thanks to Bill McKibben, this complicated problem can be reduced down to three numbers: 2℃, 565 Gigatons, and 2,795 Gigatons. McKibben explains that 2℃ is what the world has agreed, “to hold the increase in global temperature [to].” This is a good first step, however, there are issues with this number. The earth has already endured a change of 0.8℃ and its effects are far worse than previously expected. Besides this, there are other issues with the two degree consensus. For example, this leads us to the next number: 565 Gigatons, the amount of carbon that can be put into the atmosphere in the next 35 years without surpassing the agreed upon two degrees of change. The problem because clear when McKibben delivers the final number: 2,795 Gigatons, roughly five times that of 565, is the amount of carbon the fossil fuel companies are intending to burn. Although world leaders are making strides to stop the effects of climate change, we are fast approaching the devastating consequences of “too little, too late.” By looking at the Progressive Era and the feminist movement during that time, we can learn how they were able to finally enact change after a long period of discussing the issues. At this point, adjustments at the individual level will not have a visible effect on reversing climate change; we need a climate…
This is another point which the authors addressed in the article. In Turp v. Canada (2012), the respondent (Canada) was brought up on charges for opting out of the Kyoto Protocol Implementation Act (KPIA) (2012). The act was put in place as a measure to ensure Canada meet its targets under the Kyoto Protocol. However the Canadian government withdrew from the KPIA, and was subsequently brought to federal court. The court dismissed the case without cost, as they found the government’s reasoning for opting out sufficient. Proving the point Bastmeijer and Verschuuren makes within the article. The three pieces of the triangle is needed, and NGOs with the backing of large stakeholder groups, act as watchdogs, and tend to put organizations (governments and companies) under pressure to deliver. National law alone may not be enough, there may be loopholes or limitations which participants of an agreement may use to evade…
Abstract: The Paris agreement aims to protect the earth from the effects of climate change and the United States is part of this agreement. The government assumes status with environmental issues and how environmental policies are made and the Paris agreement will also be affected by governmental policies through the Unites States, as well. Especially with the new Trump Administration, environmental policies and the agreements with the post-Paris accord are bound to change.…
According to the writer, as the “world's two biggest polluters” the agreement between the U.S and China represent a major step toward addressing climate change.The writer reports that climate change is a global issue that need the coordinated effort of countries around the world. The writer also includes a speech by His Holiness Pope Francis, who said that "Climate change is a global problem with grave implications." This article is important to my research paper as it provides up to date information on the status of measures taken by countries in the effort to fight global…
The Governments of Australian and Hong Kong are paying attention to climate change. The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement connected to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). According to UNFCCC (2009), Australia has joined the Kyoto Protocol but Hong Kong has not. “The major feature of the Kyoto Protocol is that it sets binding targets for 37 industrialized countries and the European community for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.” (UNFCCC 2009) “Human activities cause an increase in greenhouse gases, mainly through burning of fossil fuels.” (GovHK 2010) Under the agreement, Australia must meet its goal in the national measures. The Kyoto Protocol gives additional suggestions of meeting this goal by setting the Kyoto mechanisms which are: emissions trading, the cleaning development mechanism and joint implementation. (UNFCCC 2009) Two major contributors of greenhouse gases in Hong Kong are power generation and the transport sector. (GovHK 2010) Even though the Hong Kong Government is not a member of the Kyoto Protocol, it has been promoting the use of cleaner fuel and renewable energy got over a decade to reduce the production of greenhouse gases from power generation. (GovHK 2010) The Hong Kong Government has also signed a Memorandum of Understanding with National Energy…
When dealing with global warming, the practicality of policies is one of the most important and fundamental issues. Yet the policies are useless if they cannot be implemented. As we have limited resources, we should choose to maximize our resources by comparing the benefits and costs of each policy. In other words, the balancing global warming and other problems should be set appropriately. (Source D) Too much burden on economic development lessens the possibility of carrying out the policies. Furthermore, the actual effectiveness is a critical factor when making global warming policies. Thus, the countermeasure to global warming is in a state of emergency. But according to Maslin Mark, the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol are far below the threshold diminution necessary to “prevent major climatic change.” (Source E) In other words, the makers of the Kyoto Protocol should have been considered the actual effect precisely to produce satisfactory results. Therefore, leaders should consider the economic practicality and the extent of expected effect when making policies that may affect global warming.…
The Kyoto Protocol is a protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC or FCCC), aimed at fighting global warming. The UNFCCC is an international environmental treaty with the goal of achieving the "stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level…
* Gupta, S. et al. 13.2 Climate change and other related policies, in IPCC AR4 WG3 2007…
The Kyoto Protocol, which took effect on February 16, 2005, aims to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions around the world. The debate whether the issue of climate change is valid or whether it is an exaggerated theory is still ongoing. Given that the Kyoto Protocol raises economic concerns and that it lacks overall effectiveness, Canada and businesses in general should not be in favour of it. This is in part because of the treaty’s conditions and partially because of the actions of other nations regarding the treaty. In order to demonstrate the lack of effectiveness, the economic impacts must first be discussed.…
The answer is obvious from the actions of the individual states with the United States of America. Three governors coming from the states of New York, California, and Washington, started an initiative called “the Climate Alliance” which has the principles to create strong communities, to become a leader in climate change initiatives, and to show the world that climate change action is achievable (US Climate Alliance). “Despite the U.S. federal government’s decision to withdraw from the Paris Agreement, seventeen states back the alliance and these alliance members are committed to supporting the international agreement and are pursuing aggressive climate action to make progress toward its goals” (US Climate…