1. Different ways leadership has been defined
--The behaviour of an individual. Directing the activities of a group toward a shared goal
--Ability of an individual to influence, motivate and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organisation
--The process of making sense of what people are doing together so that people will understand and be committed
2. Leadership & management
1) Leadership functions: Change Inspiration Motivation Influence
--having a vision of what the organization can become, produce change.
--creating different future, and having strategy to get there
--create organization culture, renew values and help others.
--focus on people, cooperation, and teamwork, inspiring and motivating others to grow
2) management function: planning organizing directing controlling
--an explicit set of tools and techniques based on the reasoning and testing
--involves specific skills like planning and budgeting
--stability, make the best of what it is.
3. Effective Leadership
1) Many different leadership indicators—difficult to access leadership effectiveness Immediate and delayed outcomes Stakeholders with different preferences Different conceptions of leadership Development of a composite measure
2) Indicators used to access leadership effectiveness
High group performance Follower satisfaction Improved group processes Career success of leader
4. approaches to leadership research
Key variables approach—leader, followers,situation
1) characteristics of the leader
--traits(motives,personality, values)
--confidence and optimism
--skill, behavior and influence tactics
--integrity (honesty, behavior consistent with values)
--attributions about followers
2) Characteristic of the followers
--traits(needs values self-concepts)
--confidence and optimism
--skills, trust in leader, attributions about the leader
--task commitment and effort
--satisfaction with job and leader