Now that the GASB has been explained a little which providing an understanding of the position of the GASB, it is, at this point, appropriate to explain the details and specifics of the of the aforementioned article. The article discusses the apparent need for stricter regulations for state and local governments in regards to reporting and estimating the treatment of pollution and its costs; the article stated that as of December 2006, there is not a specific set of guidance set up for governments to utilize, stating that is the source of a lot of issues (para. 1). Since the need is quite indubitable, and the main concern for the GASB is to listen to the needs of its constituents and finding the absolute best solution, they have constructed and issued Statement No. 49, Accounting and Financial Reporting for Pollution Remediation Obligations, which offers guidance to those governments which would be qualified as requiring it.…
The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 was signed into law in August that year. It came about mostly because of the public response and concerns after the Exxon Valdez incident in which an oil tanker heading to port in Long Beach, CA ran aground in Prince Williams Sound, AK spilling up to an estimated 750,000 barrels of crude oil. Although ranking well down the list on the world’s largest oil spills for quantity dumped, the remote location of the spill made response and recovery extremely difficult. One of the key provisions of the OPA - §1002(a) Provides that the responsible party for a vessel or facility from which oil is discharged, or which poses a substantial threat of a discharge, is liable for: (1) certain specified damages resulting from the discharged oil; and (2) removal costs incurred in a…
The Coast Guard’s Port Security Unit 313 turned over authority of the Coast Guard’s mission to the incoming unit, the Port Security Unit 307, June 10 at the Northeast Gate on U.S. Naval Station Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.…
National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling (2012), Chapter Four. Retrieved from…
This standard identifies the requirements when you work with individuals to help them maintain their mobility. This includes preparing for activities to maintain mobility and supporting individuals during these activities. It also includes monitoring the activities and individuals' mobility over time.…
BP was the ªrst of these companies to change from a reactive to a proactive…
* Any dangerous occurrences. This may be an event that causes injury or fatalities or an event that does not cause an accident but could have done, such as a gas leak.…
The United States (US), who is a party to the International Maritime Organization (IMO), has long been pushing for a response to the issue of maritime security worldwide. Prompted by the US, the IMO agreed to make security amendments to the Safety of Life at Sea Convention 1974 (SOLAS). Parties to the IMO and SOLAS convention finalized these amendments at a diplomatic held at the IMO in December 2002 in London. In the diplomatic conference, it was agreed upon that maritime security measures will be accepted internationally by January 1, 2004, and in force six months later by July 1, 2004 worldwide. As a result of this agreement, the International Ship and Port Facility Code (ISPS) was drafted containing the amendments and complimentary provisions to the SOLAS. The ISPS was included as an Annex to Chapter XI-2 of the SOLAS Convention. The new security code is the first multilateral ship and port security standard ever created. It requires nations to develop port and ship security plans primarily as a safeguard against the threat of terrorist attacks. It also provides for a standard framework in helping governments to evaluate risks in case of threat to ship and port facilities. The ISPS applies to all passenger ships on international voyages, to all other ships over 500 G on international voyages, and all port facilities serving ships on international voyages (Peppinck, 2003; US Department of Homeland Security, 2003).…
After the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, the United States Congress to pass the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, which was made effective on 18th August of 1990, and with it commenced a new standard in the prevention of oil pollution, response, and liability (Sump, 2015, p.439). The oil industry implemented drug/alcohol testing for tanker workers, adjusted tanker routes, expanded training and examination regimes for workers, enhanced navigational gear, and introduced redundant power frameworks on vessels (Coil, Lester, and Higman, 2014). Also, Coil, Lester, and Higman (2014) wrote that spill response innovation improved via new methods and equipment, the oil spill response central points was formed, and a more detailed oil spill provisional mechanism was…
Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA) strengthened regulatory framework to respond to an oil spills and to establish requirements for the prevention of pollution. The purpose of the law is the prohibition of discharge of oil and hazardous substances in the areas of the navigable waterways of the United States in dangerous quantities (p.10). The law clearly prescribed credentials of the federal government, established a national program to respond to an emergency and organized special teams to support the actions of the federal coordinator. The law was designed to complete the cleaning of water, where…
Post-Deepwater Horizon regulations are still insufficient – this makes oil spills inevitable – stronger regulations and enforcement are necessary…
I am thankful to the Core Group Members for their untiring efforts in helping the NDMA in the formulation of the National Guidelines on Chemical Disaster Management. I would like to place on record the significant contribution made by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi and National Safety Council, Mumbai for helping in designing the format of the document and providing lots of technical inputs from time-to-time. The Disaster Management Institute, Bhopal also deserves special recognition for providing inputs related to On-Site and Off-Site emergency plans. I would also like to express my sincere thanks to the representatives of the other central ministries and departments concerned, regulatory agencies, R&D organisations, professionals from scientific and technical institutes/academics, technocrats from leading national institutions and apex industrial associations/consortiums of the corporate sectors for the valuable inputs that helped us in improving the content and presentation of the document. The efforts of Dr. Rakesh Kumar Sharma, Scientist ‘F’ and Additional Director, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam, and Dr. Raman Chawla, Senior Research Officer, NDMA, in providing knowledge-based technical inputs to the core group, are highly appreciated. Thanks are also due to Mr. Rubaab Sood and the secretarial staff of the NDMA including Mr. Deepak Sharma and Mr. D.K. Ray for their dedicated work during the convening of various workshops, meeting and preparation…
The second type of oil that pollutes the ocean is oil spills. Oil spills occur during the extraction and transporting of oil. “Oil spills cause huge damage to the marine environment-but in fact are only responsible for only around 12% of the oil entering the seas each year” (WWF, 2006, p.1). Extraction takes place near or on shores and this can cause risks for the coastal environment if there is a spill or leak. During extraction…
"Coal Generates 44% of Our Electricity, and Is the Single Biggest Air Polluter in the U.S." Union of Concerned Scientists. Web. 11 Jan. 2017.…
The Bhopal disaster raised public awareness and concern for the storage of toxic chemicals. Toxic chemicals like MIC are regulated in the United States as hazardous waste but not always regulated in developing countries. Broughton, author of The Bhopal Disaster and Its Aftermath: A Review, highlighted that, “seemingly local problems of industrial hazards and toxic contamination are often tied to global market dynamics” [12] (p. 3). Safety and chemical regulations are needed worldwide because they can have catastrophic consequences that affect the entire world [12]. Broughton also implied that local governments should not allow industries to be situated in urban areas because of the risk to such a large amount of people if something were to happen [12]. The leak also led to the first United States community right to know law being passed under the 1986 Superfund Re-authorization [7]. Defined by the USEPA The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) was created to, “help communities prepare to respond in the event of a chemical emergency and to increase the public’s knowledge of the presence and threat of hazardous chemicals” [7] (p.1). The communities should be given the information to be prepared and ready for an event if a hazardous waste leak were to happen and EPCRA is responsible for…