Situation: The client is a 50-year-old female teacher who was notified of an abnormal screening mammogram. Diagnosis of infiltrating ductal carcinoma was made following a stereotactic needle biopsy of a 1.5 x 1.5 cm lobulated mass at the 3:00 position in her left breast. The client had a modified radical mastectomy with lymph node dissection. The sentinel lymph node and 11 of 16 lymph nodes were positive for tumor. Estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors were both positive. Further staging work-up was negative for distant metastasis. Her final staging was stage IIB. Her prescribed chemotherapy regimen is 6 cycles of CAF after a single-lumen central line was placed.…
Nabby Adams was a distinguished woman and by the time she reached her 40’s, she seemed to have it all; a loving husband, three children, and a mom and dad whom she was very close to. Unfortunately, Nabby Adams would find a lump on her breast and receive the diagnosis that no woman ever wants to hear, “You have breast cancer.” Despite her fears, she fought for her life and underwent a radical mastectomy. Over the next two years, she endured extreme physical and emotional pain and by age 49, breast cancer had claimed her life (60).…
Ameloblastomas (AB) and calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors (CEOT) are rare tumors thought to develop from the odontogenic epithelium and invade the jaw bone and local tissue. Keratocystic calcifying odontogenic tumors (KCOT) are also rare odontogenic tumors which are locally invasive, but do not invade the bone. The purpose is to compare expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) between odontogenic tumors that invade the jaw bone and tumors that do not. MMPs are enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix proteins and play a role in normal and tumor cell migration. Certain MMPs have been shown previously to play a role in ameloblastoma bone invasion. MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-11, MMP-16, MMP-17, MMP-21, and MMP-24 were shown to play role in odontogenic tumor invasions.…
In this reading, we are told the story of Nabby Smith who unfortunately had to face the terror of breast cancer. Nabby Smith, daughter of John Adams and husband of Colonel William Smith was an educated and highly regarded woman. Despite all that she was not able to escape from breast cancer. In 1808 she discovered a dimple in her breast which would soon develop into a tumor. After visiting a doctor, she was told that she had the "dreaded disease." She attempted to cure with medicine, but it all failed. As a result Dr. Benjamin Rush insisted that she undergo surgery, but in the 19th century surgery was a method of last resort because of the risk of massive infections. Nonetheless after careful thought and persistence of the doctor, she had the grotesque surgery, as there was no anesthetics and she would feel everything. The operation was deemed successful when 7 months later Nabby felt well. However, she would later die because of remains of malignant cells that would cause to be terminal.…
This article talks about how density in the breast leads to malignant tumors. It was very eye opening to know that up to 50% of women that have mammograms will have high breast density. The higher density in the breast, the harder it is for a mammogram to find a small tumor. In 2009 in the…
About 1 in 8 U.S. women (just under 12%) will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of her lifetime. In 2011, an estimated 230,480 new cases of invasive breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S., along with 57,650 new cases of non-invasive breast cancer (U.S. Breast Cancer Statistics, 2012). According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 210,203 women in the United States were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2008, and 40,589 women in the…
Consistently for a few weeks last October, I was able to hear my parents talk about my mom’s multiple visits to the doctor. Every time I heard them talk, I listened carefully while I was doing homework in my bedroom. I thought something was wrong because of all those doctor visits. Finally, I heard the real news of why my mom was constantly visiting the doctor. My mom had developed breast cancer.…
With ever story of victory, comes a drowning idea of failure. Throughout our live, these battles are fought, taking not only mental strength, but physical as well. Some of these battles are chosen, while the rest flank from behind. With this in mind, a story of victory must be told, on behalf of my Aunt, Joenell. Her battle took place in April, of 2009, she went to the Suttee Delta hospital, in Antioch California for a doctor’s visit, for fear that something was wrong, during this visit she informed her doctor that she felt a not on her left breast. Soon after, she had a mammogram, and an ultrasound done, revealing three cancerous lumps. As the doctor went into detail, she started to realize the gravity of the situation. For the first time; at the age of 59, she was confronted with the most life threating event she had ever faced. So for a second opinion, she went to the Epic Cancer center, also in Antioch California. Certainly, the last thing anyone would like to hear during a doctor’s visit, she knew there would be some decisions to be made, time to study up.…
The American Cancer Society is one of the oldest and largest volunteer based health foundations in the United States. This society is one of the greatest non-profit organizations nationwide. For over 100 years the American Cancer Society has worked relentlessly to save lives and to create a world that is cancer free. Two years ago, my sister was diagnosed with thyroid cancer, it was quite a ride for my entire family. After the doctors informed us of this horrible news, within days a biopsy and many scans were done to make sure they accurately knew where this tumor had formed. Days later we were in the emergency room and the surgery was in progress. Through these many months, the American Cancer Society was there not only there for research…
Breast cancer is just one type of cancer. Cancerous cells are cells that grow without the normal system of controls placed upon them. Breast cancer develops from the mammary ducts 80% of the time. The other 20% of the time the cancer develops from the lobules of the breasts. While breast cancer may occur in men, this paper will primarily focus on breast cancer in women. Breast cancer is 100 times more likely to affect women as it is men. There are two forms of breast cancer, invasive cancer and carcinoma in situ. (Dimensions of Human Sexuality, Shriver, S. 2002)…
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of death among women in the United States. More than 211, 000 U.S. women were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2005, and at least 40, 400 women died as a result of the disease (MacDonald, Sarna, Uman, Grant, & Weitzel, 2006). Breast cancer crosses all demographic lines, affecting women of all ages, races, ethnic groups, socioeconomic strata and geographic locales. Breast cancer…
Audience Link: There is a large amount of men and women who are diagnosed with breast cancer everyday but they usually don’t know how it forms and ways it can be treated. Breast cancer is a very serious disease that shouldn’t be taken likely. Even if you do not have breast cancer, chances are that you know or will know someone who…
Then it all happened, our lives spiraled out of control. My mom was becoming weaker and weaker by the day. Her lymph node on the left side of her neck had become inflamed. At first, we thought she must have just been a bad infection. We were secretly all concerned. We had a hard time grasping that it could be something bad. Whenever you touched this grape size lump on her neck, she would cringe. You could see the pain in her eyes. We did not want to scare her and tell her it could be cancer or that something bad could be happening. When December…
In 2010 my mom was diagnosed with stage three breast cancer. I remember the day well; I remember feeling afraid and confused- but mostly confused, as I was promised that my mom would be okay- that she would just be sick for a little while. I remember being told that my three year old sister wouldn’t understand, so I wasn’t to tell her anything. I remember hearing my mom cry as she told my grandparents her diagnosis- I remember feeling helpless. Fast forward two years, and the cancer was finally beaten; my mom was crowned the victor, and I pushed any thought of cancer into a deep recess of my mind. My mom’s hair grew to her shoulders, she smiled more, and once again became the happy mommy of my childhood. Then it was Thanksgiving of 2015. She had…
“Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide and afflicts two of every three families.” (Zelman, M., Holdaway, P., Tompary, E., Raymond, J. & Mulvihill, M.L., 2010). Breast cancer is the most frequent diagnosed cancer in women. More than one million cases occur worldwide annually (Zelman, M., Holdaway, P., Tompary, E., Raymond, J. & Mulvihill, M.L., 2010). When it comes to breast cancer there are many areas that you should look at to understand, and be aware of. The areas are to know the cause and risk factors, prevention and detection, the effects on your health, and lastly your treatment options. We will cover each of these areas throughout this essay.…