Long Term Effects Of Exercise
Callum Bourke
Describe the long term effects of exercise on the Muskoskeletal system and energy systems. (P3)
Describe the long term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. (P4)
Cardiovascular System
Cardiac Hypertrophy
The heart increases in size and volume; this allows more blood to enter the heart allowing a greater amount of oxygenated blood to be pumped to the working muscles. To withstand the large amount of blood, the left ventricle becomes thicker, increasing the force of the flow.
Increase in Stroke Volume
Stroke volume also increases with the increased size of the cardiac muscle. With an increased stroke volume, the heart can pump more blood per minute into the working muscles. The increased cardiac output increases the blood flow during maximal levels of exercise.
Increase in Cardiac Output
During exercise cardiac output increases as well as stroke volume. The increase in cardiac output means that more blood is pumped around the body allowing more oxygen to be sent to the working muscles.
Decrease in Resting Heart Rate
A persons heart rate will decrease after long term aerobic endurance, this is a result from all of the above, the increased size of the heart allows more blood to flow to the working muscles allowing for \n increased cardiac output. The heart will not have to beat as fast to increase blood flow, overall reducing the participants resting heart rate.
Capillarisation
One effect on capillarisation from long term exercise is that it may lead to the increased development of the capillary network, aerobic exercises can increase the number of capillaries in the body, and as a result this will increase the flow of oxygen to the working muscles. This increase in the size of the capillary network results in a faster and more effective way of delivering oxygen and nutrients.
Increase in Blood Volume
Blood volume represents the amount of blood circulating the body. This
Describe the long term effects of exercise on the Muskoskeletal system and energy systems. (P3)
Describe the long term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. (P4)
Cardiovascular System
Cardiac Hypertrophy
The heart increases in size and volume; this allows more blood to enter the heart allowing a greater amount of oxygenated blood to be pumped to the working muscles. To withstand the large amount of blood, the left ventricle becomes thicker, increasing the force of the flow.
Increase in Stroke Volume
Stroke volume also increases with the increased size of the cardiac muscle. With an increased stroke volume, the heart can pump more blood per minute into the working muscles. The increased cardiac output increases the blood flow during maximal levels of exercise.
Increase in Cardiac Output
During exercise cardiac output increases as well as stroke volume. The increase in cardiac output means that more blood is pumped around the body allowing more oxygen to be sent to the working muscles.
Decrease in Resting Heart Rate
A persons heart rate will decrease after long term aerobic endurance, this is a result from all of the above, the increased size of the heart allows more blood to flow to the working muscles allowing for \n increased cardiac output. The heart will not have to beat as fast to increase blood flow, overall reducing the participants resting heart rate.
Capillarisation
One effect on capillarisation from long term exercise is that it may lead to the increased development of the capillary network, aerobic exercises can increase the number of capillaries in the body, and as a result this will increase the flow of oxygen to the working muscles. This increase in the size of the capillary network results in a faster and more effective way of delivering oxygen and nutrients.
Increase in Blood Volume
Blood volume represents the amount of blood circulating the body. This