entire city, the temples of the gods, and all regions of Italy richly adorned with their gifts…
! The Italian City-State • What made Italy geographically unique? • How did the great Italian cities become the bankers of much of Europe by the fifteenth century? ! Growth of City-States • What assisted the growth of Italian cities and urban culture? • How did the merchant oligarchies become strengthened? • What were the five major competitive states in Italy? • What were their unique systems? • Who controlled the Papal States? • Why did the cities develop despotisms? Who ruled Venice? Oligarchy: a small group of people who together govern a nation or control an organization, often for their own purposes Despotism: rule by an authoritarian or tyrant…
Once there was a city in Italy. The name of the city was Pompeii. Pompeii was not a great city. It was considered one of the wealthier towns. Its ruins were all preserved. Pompeii lies on a plateau of lava. Pompeii sat 2 km away from the coast of Italy. It also sat 1 mile away from Mount Vesuvius. The town had a wall built around it. There were 8 main entrances to the town within the walls. The streets were built very well.…
Ancient World Civilizations – Ancient and Modern Architecture Assignment: The Pantheon Porch in Rome and the Wentworth Hall Entrance…
There are many breath taking examples of Roman influence on many American monuments. A good example of this is the U.S. Supreme Court building in Washington. This building was designed by Cass Gilbert and built in 1935. Its design is directly based on the Roman Temple design including the characteristics of raised podiums and a formal front staircase. In an article titled, “Roman Power/ Roman Architecture”, it states that “The decision to base courthouse designs in America on Roman temples is understandable, when it is remembered that our legal system traces its authority back to the tradition of Roman law.”…
The landmarks created during the Roman Empire did not only signify Rome’s culture, but also shown it’s strength and technological advances. The Colosseum and the aqueducts show how technologically and economically advance Rome was. Not only this, the Coloseum and many aqueducts survive to show that Rome’s architecture are not only a feats of engineering but portals to one of histories’ greatest empires.…
Rome 's vast empire lasted for an amazing one thousand-year reign. Half of it referred to as the republic, and the other as the empire. However, after its fall in 5oo-a.d. Rome has still remained in existence through its strong culture, architecture, literature, and even religion (Spielvogel 175). Even after its disappearance as a nation Rome left behind a legacy that will never be forgotten. Its ideals and traditions have been immolated, and adopted for over two thousand years. Whether, it is through its language of Latin, its influence of religion, or its amazing architectural ability Rome has influenced almost every culture following its demise. The heritage of Rome has been passed down through three different channels; one is through the eastern Roman Empire; through the Roman Catholic Church, and consciously by any and every one who has been in touch with Roman Culture (Hadas 157).…
The North and the South The North and South had similarities and differences in the 1800’s, but can the differences drive them to a civil war? Women were mad about having so little rights, slavery was being questioned, and the political parties couldn’t seem to agree. Women in the United States had little rights, but women in the North had more, but not where it really counted. In the North, women had ownership of their wages and property (Holt, pg. 427). New York demonstrated giving women more rights, than other Northern states soon followed.…
Life in Italy in the 1930’s caused difficulty to some Italians during that time period. During the 1930’s a large number of Italians who had opposed the fascist rule of Benito Mussolini arrived in the United States. After the news spread in Italy about the bombing of Pearl Harbour almost all Italians supported the war against Benito Mussolini. At this point, Italy was slowly becoming under the Nazi rule, the significance of a woman’s role in Italy was emphasised as they were expected to accept the fascist ideology. Girls were expected to get married and conceive lots of children. Many young women in Italy felt the pressures of politics that were dominated by men and felt that women’s rights were disappearing as they were expected to carry out these tasks. Before the 1930’s, Mussolini launched his battle of births in 1927 which was a campaign that encouraged the people of Italy to increase their family sizes.…
The Stibbert museum was originally the collection of Frederick Stibbert located inside his private residence in Montughi near the Florence country side. Stibbert used his large inheritance to peruse a passion for collecting, acquiring a variety of objects such as armor, swords and art from across the world including Europe, the Middle East, and Japan. Following his death in 1906, Stibbert bequeathed his house to the municipality of Florence where the collection was made open to the public for future generations. In order to understand the Stibbert Museum, it is necessary to understand Stibbert’s life, the collection itself, and the way in which the objects are displayed in accordance with Stibbert’s view of the museum mentality.…
The ingeniousness and beauty of Roman architecture has not been lost on us in the 2000 years since it was built. Even today, we still marvel at what incredible builders the Romans were, and at the sheer scale and integrity of many of their projects. It is hard to argue that today’s architecture will maintain the same lasting grandeur as that which the Romans built. If we can still respect and admire the grandeur of Rome as it was in it’s day, one can only imagine how much of an influence people of the time felt, due to the incredible innovations that the Romans brought to the new regions of their empire. In fact, it is because of the superior engineering skills and architectural ideas possessed by the Romans, and respected by others, that allowed them to conquer, influence and rule such a vast area of the world, for such an extended period of time. Citizens of regions conquered by Rome were the beneficiaries of Roman innovations such as a (public) fresh water supply, bridges over previously impassable rivers, roads linking all parts of the empire (especially to the capital) and incredible public buildings like the forums and baths. They were more easily persuaded into acceptance once the Romans arrived when they saw or heard of these innovations which they realized could have such a huge and beneficial impact on their lifestyles.…
There are so many ways in which history has been documented over time all serving as a permanent record of a culture and its people for future generations to have access to and learn from. The study of the visual arts and architecture in a given time period showcase the basic ideas about a group of human beings giving insight into their beliefs and cultural message. These insights are presented with a specific point of view intended by its creator, influenced by its historical experiences. And so, it is the responsibility of the observer to examine pieces of art and architectural structures taking into account the context in which they were produced. By doing so, we can more accurately understand the ideas that are trying to be conveyed. Political,…
In 1998 the Italian State Railway began the construction of a new regional headquarters near the city of Pisa when a forgotten treasure from the past was revealed from the depths of the Adriatic Sea. Rather than comprising golden coins and silver ornaments, this “treasure” is simply remains from shipwrecks. However, it represent one of the finest pieces of evidence for the trade in the ancient world with over 16 vessels ranging in date from the third century BC to the fifth century AD. Archaeologists have uncovered large timbers of the ships sunk near the harbour of Pisa together along with fragments of the cargo and the bones of the perished sailors.…
Luis Barragan states, “Architecture is an art when one consciously or unconsciously creates aesthetic emotion in the atmosphere and when this environment produces well-being.” This statement is more vividly conveyed through a cross-cultural analysis of two of the most well-known architectural structures of their era, Old Saint Peter’s Basilica, located in Rome, Italy, ca. 319, and Hagia Sophia, located in Constantinople, Turkey (Istanbul), 532-537. The architectural style of Old St. Peter’s and Hagia Sophia is characterized by Rome’s rich building traditions, philosophy of design, and form and function. For centuries, Old Saint Peter’s Basilica and Hagia Sophia have remained a genuine expression of Christianity and have both captured the essence…
The Obelisk of Axum is 1700 year-old, 24-meters (78-feet) tall and weighs 180 tonnes. It started in 1936 when the Italia’s series of triumphs concurring Ethiopia and some other countries, after seven months campaign the Italians lost. This loss was unexpected for the world especially for Italians. Mussolini heard about the pieces of an obelisk laying on the ground in Axum then he immediately ordered to bring it to Rome as revenge. The obelisk that was set up between 100-300 A.D in Axum, the city of the princess of Sheba. This pillar was a symbol of their Christianity, Patriotism, independence and freedom for the Ethiopians. The Ethiopian emperors had to kneel down before these basalt pillars at their coronations in order to receive the power for their absolute leadership. It signifies anteriority, primacy and exemplary leadership. The obelisk elegantly captures the ancestors’ sense of the sacrifice for freedom and independence to the country. Taking an obelisk that has such powerful history and culturally relevant makes the Italy Fascists happy. Ten years later, Italy and Ethiopia agreed with a peace treaty which also states to return all spoils that were taken during the war. However the fascists Italy refused to return it back. Finally, after years or pressure from the Ethiopians, Italy agreed in 2002 to return the 1700 year old monument. So in 2005 a team of experts carefully dismantled the obelisk, dividing it into three pieces each weighting between 40 to 70 tonnes. By the time when Italy agreed to return the Obelisk millions of Ethiopians were died and suffer from poverty. For many people it was ridiculous that a country well known with drought and poverty, where children don’t have the opportunity to go to school, patients are died just because there are not enough hospitals available to turn down Italy’s offer to build up schools and hospital in a trade-off for the obelisk. The most confusion part for many was there are six other obelisks…