Methodology
Gillian Lazar
LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE TEACHING
A guide for teachers and trainers
{v}Contents
Thanks page viii
Acknowledgements ix
Introduction xii
1 Using literature in the language classroom: 1 The issues
1.1 What is literature? 1
1.2 What is distinctive about the language of literature? 5
1.3 The reader and the text 8
1.4 Literary competence and the language classroom 11
1.5 Why use literature in the language classroom? 14
2 Approaches to using literature with the 22 language learner
2.1 An overview 22
2.2 A language-based approach to using literature 27
2.3 Stylistics in the classroom 31
2.4 Literature as content: How far to go? 35
2.5 Literature for personal enrichment: Involving students 39
2.6 The role of metalanguage 43
3 Selecting and evaluating materials 48
3.1 Selecting texts 48
3.2 Evaluating learning materials which make use of literary texts 56
4 Reading literature cross-culturally 62
4.1 Being a student 62
4.2 A consideration of cultural aspects in texts 65
4.3 Strategies for overcoming cultural problems 67
{vi}
5 Materials design and lesson planning: 71 Novels and short stories
5.l Writing your own story 71
5.2 Distinctive features of a short story 72
5.3 Anticipating student problems when using a short story 75
5.4 Planning a lesson for use with a short story 77
5.5 Further tasks and activities for use with a short story 83
5.6 Designing your own materials for use with a short story 86
5.7 Using novels in the language classroom 89
6 Materials design and lesson planning: Poetry 94
6.1 Putting a poem back together again 94
6.2 What is distinctive about poetry? 96
6.3 Why use poetry with the language learner? 99
6.4 Exploiting unusual language features 101
6.5 Helping students with figurative
LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE TEACHING
A guide for teachers and trainers
{v}Contents
Thanks page viii
Acknowledgements ix
Introduction xii
1 Using literature in the language classroom: 1 The issues
1.1 What is literature? 1
1.2 What is distinctive about the language of literature? 5
1.3 The reader and the text 8
1.4 Literary competence and the language classroom 11
1.5 Why use literature in the language classroom? 14
2 Approaches to using literature with the 22 language learner
2.1 An overview 22
2.2 A language-based approach to using literature 27
2.3 Stylistics in the classroom 31
2.4 Literature as content: How far to go? 35
2.5 Literature for personal enrichment: Involving students 39
2.6 The role of metalanguage 43
3 Selecting and evaluating materials 48
3.1 Selecting texts 48
3.2 Evaluating learning materials which make use of literary texts 56
4 Reading literature cross-culturally 62
4.1 Being a student 62
4.2 A consideration of cultural aspects in texts 65
4.3 Strategies for overcoming cultural problems 67
{vi}
5 Materials design and lesson planning: 71 Novels and short stories
5.l Writing your own story 71
5.2 Distinctive features of a short story 72
5.3 Anticipating student problems when using a short story 75
5.4 Planning a lesson for use with a short story 77
5.5 Further tasks and activities for use with a short story 83
5.6 Designing your own materials for use with a short story 86
5.7 Using novels in the language classroom 89
6 Materials design and lesson planning: Poetry 94
6.1 Putting a poem back together again 94
6.2 What is distinctive about poetry? 96
6.3 Why use poetry with the language learner? 99
6.4 Exploiting unusual language features 101
6.5 Helping students with figurative