Milk Production in India

1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF MILK SOCIETY FARMERS IN AVANOOR PANCHAYATH.
Avanoor is one of the village in puzhakkal taluk, thrissur district, Kerala state: panchayath situated with18.25 square kilometer total land size. Total population in Avanoor Panchayath is 20040. Among the total population 9729 males and 10311 females. Avanoor bounded with Mundathicode and velur panchayath in the North, Kaiparambu panchayath in the west, Adatt and Kolazhy panchayaths in the south, Mulankunnathkavu panchayath in the east. Among the total population 1576 engaged in the dairy farming activities. Among the total number of dairy farmers 593 female dairy farmers. Livestock population in Avanoor panchayath according to the 18th livestock census. In 2008 September 18th shown in the following table.
Ward No: No : Of house hold having cattle No : Of cattle cross bread No: Of cattle local No :Of house holds having buffaloes No: Of buffaloes No: Of house holds having goat No: Of goats
1 75 238 - - - 34 163
2 76 (5) 175 12 2 8 25 96
3 22 54 - - - 6 12
4 65 132 1 1 1 38 78
5 29 70 - - - 13 31
6 42 86 2 2 8 25 59
7 62 240 7 - 11 32 178
8 36 (1) 74 1 1 1 26 83
9 35 (11) 64 19 1 2 31 88
10 42 104 - - - 21 87
11 17 143 - - - 26 89
12 15 (5) 30 6 - - 17 49
13 68 165 - - - 16 57
14 9 30 - - - 14 75
Total 623 (22) 1605 38 16 31 324 1145

2. SOURCE:- LIVESTOCK CENSUS REPORT OF AVANOOR PANCHAYATH. In Avanoor panchayath which is the place from the sample selected having mainly 4 co-operative milk societies. They are :- Avanoor ksheera vyavasaya sahakarana sangham under Kerala vyavasaya sahakarana sangham Velappaya ksheerolpathaka sahakarana sangham under Anand Pattern Co-Operative Societies (APCOS). Kolangattukara ksheerolpathaka sahakarana sangham under Anand Pattern Co-Operative Societies. Varadiyam ksheerolpathaka sahakarana sangham under Anand Pattern Co-Operative Societies.
Among these Avanoor Ksheera Vyavasaya Sahakarana Sangham started 1st in the year 1979, others are started in 1998.
In the study mainly considered 50 dairy farmers in the panchayath from the total 1576 dairy farmers in the sample frame let us examine the socio economic conditions of the dairy farmers considered through the sample.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE RESPONENTS
SI No : Indicators No: Of Respondent Percentage To The Total
1 Age
(5)
(29)
(16)
10%
58%
32% 20-40
40-60
>60 Total 50 100%
2 Gender
(38)
(12)
76%
24% Male
Female
Total 50 100%
3 Educational Qualification
(2)
(18)
(20)
(9)
(2)
4%
36%
40%
18%
4% Illiterate
Primary
High school
Pre Degree
Graduate
Total 50 100%
4 Occupation
(20)
(20)
(10)
40%
40%
20% Primary
Secondary
Territory Total 50 100%
5 Size Of Land Holding
(3)
(12)
(35)
6%
24%
70% < 10 cent
10-20 cent
>20cent
Total 50 100%
6 Annual Income
-
(15)
(35)
-
30%
70% 20000 Total 50 100%
7 State Of Membership
(43)
(7)
86%
14% Member
Non Member Total 50 100%
8 Portion Of Livestock (13)
(19)
(18) 26%
38%
36% 1
2
>3 Total 50 100%

SOURCE:- COMBILED FROM PRIMARY DATA The given table shows the sample size classification according to their age, sex, landholding educational qualification, occupation, annual income, state of membership, possession of livestock. Advancly given the information about some matters.
 No Muslim dairy farmers can get under the sample frame.
 Except 10 persons all others in the sample size having concrete houses, their own well, above poverty line, owned houses.
 Only three members in the sample frame having any type of remittances from abroad.
 Only one among the fifty sample having Bio gas plant, all members are enjoyed the facility of electricity. Under the sampling no persons having goat and buffalo for milking included. They are not selected in the random.
SAMPLING METHOD:- From the classification in the table shows that sample selected with the inclusion of non members of co-operative societies. Forty three among the to sample size of 50 having membership in the milk society. No one among the 50 dairy farmers in the sampling having annual income less than 10000. Seventy percentage of the persons having more than 20000 as annual income. Fifteen among the fifty having an annual income between 10000 and 20000. The sample study reveals that thirty eight percentage of persons or dairy farmers having two cows. Eighteen farmers having three or more than 3 cattle’s. And thirteen persons of the sample of fifty dairy farmers having only one cattle. Most of the dairy farmers in the sample size involved in an age range of forty to sixty. Only ten percentage included in the younger category of twenty to forty age limits, all others are aged more than sixty. Seventy six percentage among them are males. Only twenty four percentage female participation we can calculated on the basis of sample. Thirty five persons among the fifty are the holders of more than twenty cent of lands. Among the sample size fifty, ten person’s involved in the territory sector occupations. Forty percentage involved in the primary sector occupation other forty percentages in the secondary sector jobs. With two illiterate person’s fifteen primary educated, twenty high schooled, nine pre degree holders and two graduates. The two persons among the fifty sample holders of loans amounted that two lacks for the dairy sector. One person only in the starting level with more than three cows and one buffalo with all other modernized farm facilities and workers for doing jobs there. One person lived with this as a major occupation for living with an overcoming of the loans taken by him for the dairy farming. In the samples who having cows less than three cows always interested to provide milk in the milk societies. In Avanoor Panchayath no private ventures in the milk field. More than fifty percent of the total sample size accept dairying as a major livelihood occupation. Only in two families having more than four members under the sample frame. Eighty percent of the samples having more than two or three acre land holdings through inheritance. The sample reveals that most of the dairy farmers interested to provide milk for societies only because of the services available to them like pensions, subsidized feeds for calves, artificial insemination facility clash availability through membership before the milk supplied to society. Provision of insurance etc… Feeding of grass fodder was widespread. But it was mostly collected grass and not cultivated green-fodder. Paddy straw was the most important source of roughage. Mainly sample members are practiced with the feeding of cattle through send them to grass lands in the open fields. Which are help them to increase the production of milk and reduction of the cost of the milk production in Avanoor Panchayath. Non availability of facilities for grazing only three members among the total sample. The reasons for these for one person they maintaining high level cross bread cows which are imported from other states they are not adjusted in a high level to western countries climate so they are maintained under the cooling facilities. One person not healthy to grazing the cattle in the open fields. Another person is not avail any facility of grazed land. So two among them buy green fodder for high price. In the large farm in Avanoor Panchayath compared to the others, reports regular medical check-ups to their cattle to avoid serious diseases which are badly affect on the milk production. They are avail always healthy veterinary doctors service through the veterinary hospital in the Avanoor Panchayath. No one in the study can reports that their processed milk for producing another milk products. In Avanoor Panchayath such type of industries or small scale units are not existing with or without the assistance of co-operative milk unions in the Panchayath.