Motivational theorists
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs
Maslow wanted to understand what motivates people. He believed that individuals possess a set of motivation systems unrelated to rewards or unconscious desires.
Maslow stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs. When one need is fulfilled a person seeks to fulfil the next one, and so on.
The original hierarchy of needs five-stage model includes:
1. Biological and Physiological needs - air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep.
2. Safety needs - protection from elements, security, order, law, limits, stability.
3. Social Needs - Belongingness and Love, - work group, family, affection, relationships.
4. Esteem needs - self-esteem, achievement, mastery, independence, status, dominance, prestige, managerial responsibility.
5. Self-Actualization needs - realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences.
McLeod, S. A. (2007). Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Simply Psychology [Internet]. Available at:http://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html [Accessed: 01 Nov 2013]
Frederick Herzberg – Theory of motivation
Frederick Herzberg was a well-respected American who has contributed greatly to the way in which managers think about motivation at work. He first published his theory in 1959 in a book entitled ‘The Motivation to Work’ and put forward a two factor content theory which is often referred to as a two need system. It is a content theory which explains the factors of an individual’s motivation by identifying their needs and desires, what satisfies their needs and desires and by establishing the aims that they pursue to satisfy these desires.
Hygiene Factors (leading to dissatisfaction):
Company Policy
Supervision
Relationship with Boss
Work Conditions
Salary
Relationship with Peers
Motivators (leading to satisfaction):
Achievement
Recognition
The work itself
Responsibility
Advancement
Growth
Herzberg also developed the concept
Maslow wanted to understand what motivates people. He believed that individuals possess a set of motivation systems unrelated to rewards or unconscious desires.
Maslow stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs. When one need is fulfilled a person seeks to fulfil the next one, and so on.
The original hierarchy of needs five-stage model includes:
1. Biological and Physiological needs - air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep.
2. Safety needs - protection from elements, security, order, law, limits, stability.
3. Social Needs - Belongingness and Love, - work group, family, affection, relationships.
4. Esteem needs - self-esteem, achievement, mastery, independence, status, dominance, prestige, managerial responsibility.
5. Self-Actualization needs - realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences.
McLeod, S. A. (2007). Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Simply Psychology [Internet]. Available at:http://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html [Accessed: 01 Nov 2013]
Frederick Herzberg – Theory of motivation
Frederick Herzberg was a well-respected American who has contributed greatly to the way in which managers think about motivation at work. He first published his theory in 1959 in a book entitled ‘The Motivation to Work’ and put forward a two factor content theory which is often referred to as a two need system. It is a content theory which explains the factors of an individual’s motivation by identifying their needs and desires, what satisfies their needs and desires and by establishing the aims that they pursue to satisfy these desires.
Hygiene Factors (leading to dissatisfaction):
Company Policy
Supervision
Relationship with Boss
Work Conditions
Salary
Relationship with Peers
Motivators (leading to satisfaction):
Achievement
Recognition
The work itself
Responsibility
Advancement
Growth
Herzberg also developed the concept