Network Topolgy Types
Network Topologies
• LANs and WANs - Geographical coverage • LANs
– A single geographical location, such as office building, school, etc – Typically High speed and cheaper.
• WANs
– Spans more than one geographical location often connecting separated LANs – Slower – Costly hardware, routers, dedicated leased lines and complicated implementation procedures.
1
Network Topologies
• Topology - Physical and logical network layout
– Physical – actual layout of the computer cables and other network devices – Logical – the way in which the network appears to the devices that use it.
• Common topologies:
– Bus, ring, star, mesh and wireless
2
1
Bus topology
• Uses a trunk or backbone to which all of the computers on the network connect. • Systems connect to this backbone using T connectors or taps. • Coaxial cablings ( 10Base-2, 10Base5) were popular options years ago.
3
Bus Topology
Advantages
Cheap and easy to implement
Disadvantages
Network disruption when computers are added or removed A break in the cable will prevent all systems from accessing the network. Difficult to troubleshoot.
Require less cable
Does not use any specialized network equipment.
4
2
Ring Topology
• Logical ring
– Meaning that data travels in circular fashion from one computer to another on the network. – Typically FDDI, SONET or Token Ring technology are used to implement a ring network – Ring networks are most commonly wired in a star configuration
• Token Ring has multi-station access unit (MSAU),equivalent to hub or switch. MSAU performs the token circulation internally.
5
Ring Topology
Advantages
Cable faults are easily located, making troubleshooting easier Ring networks are moderately easy to install
Disadvantages
Expansion to the network can cause network disruption A single break in the cable can disrupt the entire network.
6
3
Star Topology
• All computers/devices connect to a central device called hub or
• LANs and WANs - Geographical coverage • LANs
– A single geographical location, such as office building, school, etc – Typically High speed and cheaper.
• WANs
– Spans more than one geographical location often connecting separated LANs – Slower – Costly hardware, routers, dedicated leased lines and complicated implementation procedures.
1
Network Topologies
• Topology - Physical and logical network layout
– Physical – actual layout of the computer cables and other network devices – Logical – the way in which the network appears to the devices that use it.
• Common topologies:
– Bus, ring, star, mesh and wireless
2
1
Bus topology
• Uses a trunk or backbone to which all of the computers on the network connect. • Systems connect to this backbone using T connectors or taps. • Coaxial cablings ( 10Base-2, 10Base5) were popular options years ago.
3
Bus Topology
Advantages
Cheap and easy to implement
Disadvantages
Network disruption when computers are added or removed A break in the cable will prevent all systems from accessing the network. Difficult to troubleshoot.
Require less cable
Does not use any specialized network equipment.
4
2
Ring Topology
• Logical ring
– Meaning that data travels in circular fashion from one computer to another on the network. – Typically FDDI, SONET or Token Ring technology are used to implement a ring network – Ring networks are most commonly wired in a star configuration
• Token Ring has multi-station access unit (MSAU),equivalent to hub or switch. MSAU performs the token circulation internally.
5
Ring Topology
Advantages
Cable faults are easily located, making troubleshooting easier Ring networks are moderately easy to install
Disadvantages
Expansion to the network can cause network disruption A single break in the cable can disrupt the entire network.
6
3
Star Topology
• All computers/devices connect to a central device called hub or