Non Diegetic Analysis
GIMNASIO CAMPESTRE
MUSIC DEPARTMENT
JUAN DIEGO OSPINA
9C
THE FUNCTIONS OF FILM MUSIC
NECESSARY MUSIC: The first category that Oppenhaim mentions in his article is Necessary Music. As its name describes it, this category is about music that is incredibly necessary in a film, to let the viewer understand and the movie to show its objective clearer. In this case, the music is extremely essential for a movie scene or an act; it would be a pointless image without a deep purpose, simply meaningless. This category divides in two subcategories explained below.
Source Music: This subcategory refers to the music that is part of the film; the music that characters can hear, play or dance to. This music describes a situation from a character. …show more content…
If a TV, a radio, a DJ, a stereo, etc. is playing, that is source music. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKTx7p8PRTs Username: warnerbrosmexico,
(Going the distance). In this scene, the two main characters are developing the first stages and bonds of their relationship. When they’re having a romantic conversation, Gareth’s roommate that has listened to the entire talk, plays some music, which they can hear and complain about, as it occurs. Character’s Music: This subcategory includes, music, themes or melodies for a specific character so the when this character appears, a certain music is played. This melody can change depending on the character’s mood or situation but the structure of that theme will always be the same. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K56Q-29afaM Username: ykbond007, (James Bond 007: Die Another Day). In the very beginning of this scene, the James Bond theme is played as the camera shows him driving a car, this music is action music due to the situation of the character and this particular melody is repeated all over the scene and the movie, as long as he is present.
ETHNICITY, PERIOD AND LOCATION: The second category mentioned in this article is the music that describes the origins of the characters, the place where the scene is developed and the year or the time period when it occurs. For example, if a scene occurs at the Eiffel Tour, it is much easier for the viewer to understand the place if French music is played. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OgZ399tSsQo&feature=related Username: Kendra Lynora, (Slumdog Millionaire). This scene is from the beginning of the movie, the music provides the place and the ethnicity of these kids (India) and it also shows the social situation of the country but that’s different. Music in this scene uses instruments and style from this particular country. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1_WbhGmpTw Username: MrTODD27, (A Knight’s Tale). In this scene, the music is from a particular period (medieval), the dancing, the instruments and the style of the music tells the viewer which kind of movie is watching and at what context it is developed.
UNDERSCORING: This other category mentioned by Oppenhaim describes scenes where the music is just an accompaniment for the situation and the character’s movements but it doesn’t change of affect it in any way. It also divides in two subcategories.
Bombastic: This is the music that doesn’t change the scene or affect it it just goes with it. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLBIfXDi6xA Username: 007xcaliber, (Hangover II). In this scene the main character is the monkey and music is just present in it but its not quite relevant.
Atonal: This subcategory uses certain music sounds such as drumming to increase the action and the emotion of the moment as it occurs. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rW23RsUTb2Y Username: movieclips, (Jaws).
This film, this scene and this music are one of the best examples of this subcategory. The music in this scene increases its volume and power as the shark approaches the kid and it tells the viewer something bad its going to happen and also when exactly it is going to happen.
COMMENTARY TO A SCENE: This category is the one that emphasizes in the music that is extra, an addition to the scene. This kind of music is the one that tells the viewer some more information than the visual elements; it creates a feeling or an emotion in it that is not being visually showed. This is one of the most difficult categories to develop in a film; the director and the composer have to know exactly the purpose of this music and the situation in which it is played. This category has only one subcategory. Lumber: This subcategory’s music describes an environment in a scene, not only physical, not only the place but also the mood or the context. If a scene shows a forest, the music could be peaceful, or creepy, or “happy” or even sad so that it makes the viewer feel something completely different, scared, nervous, happy, lonely, nostalgic, sad or excited. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9N-_KmZmV20 Username: WorkshopOneUK, (Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone). In this particular scene, as Harry and Malfoy go deeper in the forest the music appears with a certain style and tone that tells the viewer that something bad is going to happen and it creates a nervous feeling and a tense-scary situation.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CHARACTER: This category uses music to show the growth and the changes in a specific character, its personal theme can be modified as he/she grows or accomplishes its mission. This music that I mentioned can be exposed as simple, happy, sad, heroic, exciting, nostalgic or dramatic. If the character becomes a hero, so does the music; if it becomes a villain, the music changes in the exact same way. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VaMoK4qbG38 Username: TheUnluckyTug02, (Star Wars: A New Hope). In this scene is shown how Anakin Skywalker changed and passed from being a hero to a villain using the music, more exactly his personal theme. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWuFaawgw8Y&feature=fvsr Username: smmarvel1, (Spiderman III). In this scene, Spiderman is transformed on a bad version of him and so does his theme song that changes as seen in this movie clip.
SCORE OUT OF THE FILM: This last category is different from the other ones, the music in it is not part of a film exactly, is out of it and it is played in concerts or extern publicity (media). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOKeeqdMQ78 Username: Crazihsmfreak, (High School Musical). This video shows a live concert with music from the movie, this is some sort of score out of the film. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pB2fDpsf2BQ Username: discjunkitv, (Slumdog Millionaire). This other video contains simply an explanation of the movie’s soundtrack CD released after the movie for sale.
BARRETO’S ARTICLE WORKSHOP
Barreto used the Performing Art of Opera trough this article, this is the one that he describes. One of the first clues to discover which Performing Art he is talking about is when he mentions Richard Wagner and describes him as the main influence to film scores, and also because of the relation between the performers and the audience where they are told and shown every detail about the story. The character’s role is really important for this author because the quality of their performance determines whether the audience will connect or not with the story. He also mentions theater because as in films and Opera, its mission or objective is to captivate the viewer’s attention.
Leitmotif:
A Leitmotif is any kind of music used to identify a character, a place or an object. Many important films have used this concept as character’s themes like I already mentioned to provide the audience an unconscious help to recognize particular movie elements. Wagner is the inventor of Leitmotifs since he used these character themes in his Opera productions. Superman is a real good example of this concept, this classic character has its own theme, which has become representative from this movie and everything related to it, in this particular melody is described all of the main character’s story using different tones and changing the power of the score.
Functions of Film Music:
Creating an Atmosphere: This function mentioned by Barreto uses music to create a context along with visual elements. Music usually refers to a place or time so that the audience can recognize it.
Neutral Background: The music in this function is just used to captivate the viewer’s attention in the visual elements, the audio works as a support for the visuals but its not absolutely remarkable, is a plain background.
Psychological Aspects of Characters: Music in this function is used to describe the characteristics of a certain character and it usually changes as the character does. Barreto used Anakin from Star Wars as an example, as he becomes evil, his personal theme changes.
Give Continuity to the Story: It is used basically to link scenes and characters, to create a structure in the story and to give it and identity, it gives the story a normal development.
Concepts Definition:
Diegetic: Specific sounds, not a melody, sounds that are common such as footsteps, a phone ringing, the traffic sounds, TV or radio.
Non-Diegetic: Is most of the music used in films, the music that characters cant hear because is not directly part of the story, is just for the audience to listen.
Differences with Oppenhaim:
The first main difference in these two articles is that Oppenhaim’s explanation is quite more detailed than Barreto’s, he does a complete and interesting analysis about functions in film music while Barreto’s article is much more general, without categories and subcategories.
The second difference is the way in which the aboard this topic, even though it is the same one, Oppenhaim has a determined structure and is focused on explaining the categories and subcategories while Barreto reaches a completely different “result” or conclusion after his investigation.
Finally, the examples used by both authors are way different. Barreto uses more common and simple examples to explain a certain topic, while Oppenhaim uses more complex examples to describe or support the same information.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
* Barreto, J. D. (NA de 6 de 2012). Film Music. Film Music . Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia:
NA. * Oppenheim, Y. (NA de NA de 1997-2012). FilmScore. Recuperado el 27 de 10 de 2012, de FilmScore: http://209.40.98.210/feature_articles/functions.asp
MUSIC DEPARTMENT
JUAN DIEGO OSPINA
9C
THE FUNCTIONS OF FILM MUSIC
NECESSARY MUSIC: The first category that Oppenhaim mentions in his article is Necessary Music. As its name describes it, this category is about music that is incredibly necessary in a film, to let the viewer understand and the movie to show its objective clearer. In this case, the music is extremely essential for a movie scene or an act; it would be a pointless image without a deep purpose, simply meaningless. This category divides in two subcategories explained below.
Source Music: This subcategory refers to the music that is part of the film; the music that characters can hear, play or dance to. This music describes a situation from a character. …show more content…
If a TV, a radio, a DJ, a stereo, etc. is playing, that is source music. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKTx7p8PRTs Username: warnerbrosmexico,
(Going the distance). In this scene, the two main characters are developing the first stages and bonds of their relationship. When they’re having a romantic conversation, Gareth’s roommate that has listened to the entire talk, plays some music, which they can hear and complain about, as it occurs. Character’s Music: This subcategory includes, music, themes or melodies for a specific character so the when this character appears, a certain music is played. This melody can change depending on the character’s mood or situation but the structure of that theme will always be the same. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K56Q-29afaM Username: ykbond007, (James Bond 007: Die Another Day). In the very beginning of this scene, the James Bond theme is played as the camera shows him driving a car, this music is action music due to the situation of the character and this particular melody is repeated all over the scene and the movie, as long as he is present.
ETHNICITY, PERIOD AND LOCATION: The second category mentioned in this article is the music that describes the origins of the characters, the place where the scene is developed and the year or the time period when it occurs. For example, if a scene occurs at the Eiffel Tour, it is much easier for the viewer to understand the place if French music is played. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OgZ399tSsQo&feature=related Username: Kendra Lynora, (Slumdog Millionaire). This scene is from the beginning of the movie, the music provides the place and the ethnicity of these kids (India) and it also shows the social situation of the country but that’s different. Music in this scene uses instruments and style from this particular country. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1_WbhGmpTw Username: MrTODD27, (A Knight’s Tale). In this scene, the music is from a particular period (medieval), the dancing, the instruments and the style of the music tells the viewer which kind of movie is watching and at what context it is developed.
UNDERSCORING: This other category mentioned by Oppenhaim describes scenes where the music is just an accompaniment for the situation and the character’s movements but it doesn’t change of affect it in any way. It also divides in two subcategories.
Bombastic: This is the music that doesn’t change the scene or affect it it just goes with it. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLBIfXDi6xA Username: 007xcaliber, (Hangover II). In this scene the main character is the monkey and music is just present in it but its not quite relevant.
Atonal: This subcategory uses certain music sounds such as drumming to increase the action and the emotion of the moment as it occurs. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rW23RsUTb2Y Username: movieclips, (Jaws).
This film, this scene and this music are one of the best examples of this subcategory. The music in this scene increases its volume and power as the shark approaches the kid and it tells the viewer something bad its going to happen and also when exactly it is going to happen.
COMMENTARY TO A SCENE: This category is the one that emphasizes in the music that is extra, an addition to the scene. This kind of music is the one that tells the viewer some more information than the visual elements; it creates a feeling or an emotion in it that is not being visually showed. This is one of the most difficult categories to develop in a film; the director and the composer have to know exactly the purpose of this music and the situation in which it is played. This category has only one subcategory. Lumber: This subcategory’s music describes an environment in a scene, not only physical, not only the place but also the mood or the context. If a scene shows a forest, the music could be peaceful, or creepy, or “happy” or even sad so that it makes the viewer feel something completely different, scared, nervous, happy, lonely, nostalgic, sad or excited. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9N-_KmZmV20 Username: WorkshopOneUK, (Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone). In this particular scene, as Harry and Malfoy go deeper in the forest the music appears with a certain style and tone that tells the viewer that something bad is going to happen and it creates a nervous feeling and a tense-scary situation.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CHARACTER: This category uses music to show the growth and the changes in a specific character, its personal theme can be modified as he/she grows or accomplishes its mission. This music that I mentioned can be exposed as simple, happy, sad, heroic, exciting, nostalgic or dramatic. If the character becomes a hero, so does the music; if it becomes a villain, the music changes in the exact same way. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VaMoK4qbG38 Username: TheUnluckyTug02, (Star Wars: A New Hope). In this scene is shown how Anakin Skywalker changed and passed from being a hero to a villain using the music, more exactly his personal theme. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWuFaawgw8Y&feature=fvsr Username: smmarvel1, (Spiderman III). In this scene, Spiderman is transformed on a bad version of him and so does his theme song that changes as seen in this movie clip.
SCORE OUT OF THE FILM: This last category is different from the other ones, the music in it is not part of a film exactly, is out of it and it is played in concerts or extern publicity (media). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOKeeqdMQ78 Username: Crazihsmfreak, (High School Musical). This video shows a live concert with music from the movie, this is some sort of score out of the film. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pB2fDpsf2BQ Username: discjunkitv, (Slumdog Millionaire). This other video contains simply an explanation of the movie’s soundtrack CD released after the movie for sale.
BARRETO’S ARTICLE WORKSHOP
Barreto used the Performing Art of Opera trough this article, this is the one that he describes. One of the first clues to discover which Performing Art he is talking about is when he mentions Richard Wagner and describes him as the main influence to film scores, and also because of the relation between the performers and the audience where they are told and shown every detail about the story. The character’s role is really important for this author because the quality of their performance determines whether the audience will connect or not with the story. He also mentions theater because as in films and Opera, its mission or objective is to captivate the viewer’s attention.
Leitmotif:
A Leitmotif is any kind of music used to identify a character, a place or an object. Many important films have used this concept as character’s themes like I already mentioned to provide the audience an unconscious help to recognize particular movie elements. Wagner is the inventor of Leitmotifs since he used these character themes in his Opera productions. Superman is a real good example of this concept, this classic character has its own theme, which has become representative from this movie and everything related to it, in this particular melody is described all of the main character’s story using different tones and changing the power of the score.
Functions of Film Music:
Creating an Atmosphere: This function mentioned by Barreto uses music to create a context along with visual elements. Music usually refers to a place or time so that the audience can recognize it.
Neutral Background: The music in this function is just used to captivate the viewer’s attention in the visual elements, the audio works as a support for the visuals but its not absolutely remarkable, is a plain background.
Psychological Aspects of Characters: Music in this function is used to describe the characteristics of a certain character and it usually changes as the character does. Barreto used Anakin from Star Wars as an example, as he becomes evil, his personal theme changes.
Give Continuity to the Story: It is used basically to link scenes and characters, to create a structure in the story and to give it and identity, it gives the story a normal development.
Concepts Definition:
Diegetic: Specific sounds, not a melody, sounds that are common such as footsteps, a phone ringing, the traffic sounds, TV or radio.
Non-Diegetic: Is most of the music used in films, the music that characters cant hear because is not directly part of the story, is just for the audience to listen.
Differences with Oppenhaim:
The first main difference in these two articles is that Oppenhaim’s explanation is quite more detailed than Barreto’s, he does a complete and interesting analysis about functions in film music while Barreto’s article is much more general, without categories and subcategories.
The second difference is the way in which the aboard this topic, even though it is the same one, Oppenhaim has a determined structure and is focused on explaining the categories and subcategories while Barreto reaches a completely different “result” or conclusion after his investigation.
Finally, the examples used by both authors are way different. Barreto uses more common and simple examples to explain a certain topic, while Oppenhaim uses more complex examples to describe or support the same information.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
* Barreto, J. D. (NA de 6 de 2012). Film Music. Film Music . Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia:
NA. * Oppenheim, Y. (NA de NA de 1997-2012). FilmScore. Recuperado el 27 de 10 de 2012, de FilmScore: http://209.40.98.210/feature_articles/functions.asp