Number Of Sit-Ups Affect Heart Rate
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it …show more content…
was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2.
Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud
breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
vSydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it …show more content…
was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2.
Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud
breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
Sydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.
vSydney Lujan
Mrs. Tonks
IB Bio- per. 3
Internal Assessment
Research Question: How does the number of sit-ups affect your heart rate.
Independent Variable (IV): Number of sit-ups ( 0,5,10,15,20). I chose these 5 increments because they are consistent numbers in which everyone can participate without it being to much.
Dependent Variable: heart rate( BPM) +/- 4 ( number of beats in 15 seconds multiplied by 4).
Materials: timer, flat surface, movable clothing
Background: In this experiment I will test your heart rate and if it increases or decreases with exercise (sit-ups). This is important because everyday you engage In physical activity, this test will show the participants if they increase dramatically with minimal and semi-heavy activity. The higher your heart rate, means the harder it was for you to do that increment of sit-ups. The lower your heart rate means you most likely have to do some sort of activity often and so therefore it isn’t a struggle for you.
Hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases.
Before doing this experiment I would assume your heart rate increases by 20 BPM each increment, but after conducting the experiment I have come to the realization that the average increase per increment is 12 BPM
Controlled Variables How you will control this? Potential impact if not controlled
1. Number of sit-ups
2. Gender (female)
3. Age
4. surface 1. 0,5,10,15,20
2. Only tested females
3. 17 years and under
4. Hard ground (flat) 1. Heart rate (BPM) would vary greatly from each participant
2. Typically, boys have stronger muscles, so they would be able to do more sit-ups
3. Keeping the same age group will keep the consistency of their ability to do sit-ups and their overall heart rate (BPM).
4. Testing on grass would have been easier, so the heart rate (BPM) would have lowered.
Sufficient repeats: Were tested at each increment due to 10 participants.
Method:
1. Take the resting heart rate of the participant prior to doing sit-ups.
2. Have participant do 5 sit-ups, then immediately take the heart rate after they have finished. (To find heart rate, have participant put two fingers on their pulse. Time them for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4).
3. Record heart rate and give one minute resting period to participant
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a total of three more times, increasing the increment by 5 every time until you have done all increments (0,5,10,15,20)
Example of calculation: Participant 1 counted 23 beats in 15 seconds, calculated by 4, which gives her a heart rate of 92 BPM after doing ten sit-ups.
Data Presentation and stat test: To analyze my data I will find the mean and standard deviation and put it into a scatter plot. I will find the line of best fit, to have an overall consensus of where the majority lie on the graph. I will add error bars which represents the uncertainty or error of the corresponding coordinates of my point.
Qualitative Data: Figure 1 Characteristics
Trials Participant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10
0 none none none none none none none none None/none
5 none Loud breathing none none none none none none None/none
10 Loud breathing red Loud breathing none none none none none Loud breathing/none
15 red sweaty sweaty red none red none red Loud breathing/red
20 struggle struggle Red/ sweaty tired red red red sweaty Sweaty/ red Patterns and Trends: Overall the heart rate didn’t show a big enough increase until the participant reached 20 sit-ups. This is because the body is not used to high amount of activity. As seen in figure 3, the heart rate increases the most at 20, because your body is going past regular activity and pushing past the average exercise on your core.
Scientific Explanation: As the amount of sit-ups is increased, your heart rate (BPM) also increases. As you do sit-ups, your leg muscles and core muscles require more oxygen to produce a certain amount of energy to keep it functioning. Your heart rate (BPM) increases so it can give off oxygenated blood at a faster pace, so it can meet the requirements of the exercise. This is why in Figure 3, the line of best-fit increases, and we see the relationship between sit-ups and heart rate is increasing.
The collected data supports my hypothesis: If the number of sit-ups increase, then your heart rate also increases, just as I predicted it would.
Possible Further experiments:
-How sit-ups affect your surface temperature?
- How does planking affect your heart rate?
- How does running affect your heart rate?
Analysis of sufficiency of data and range: My data wasn’t sufficient enough to show because the standard deviation all matches up, showing a slight increase but not enough. I should have increased my range because my standard deviation is too wide too show a comparable data table.
Limitations:
- Counting wrong number of beats during 15 seconds
- Having a slower reflex and not stopping timer when needed
- Not having an exactly one minute rest break
- Doing incorrect form of sit-ups during the experiment
Improvements:
- I could have used a heart rate monitor instead od manually finding the heart rate
- I could have payed more attention to the timer when using it as a stopwatch
- I should have required a certain format when doing sit-ups
Conclusion: After conducting this experiment I can see that almost every time you increase your exercise level (number of sit-ups) your heart rate increases. This is due to the fact that your heart needs to keep up with your exercise level so it pumps deoxygenated blood to the heart making its BPM increase so that your muscles can receive oxygen.
Work Cited
"Why Does Our Heart Rate Increase During Exercise?" LIVESTRONG.COM. N.p., n.d Web. 18 Nov. 2013
Ward, William, and Alan Damon. Pearson Baccalaureate: Higher Level (plus Standard Level Options) : Biology Developed Specifically for the Ib Diploma. Harlow, [England: Pearson Education, 2007. Print.