Nursing As Caring Theory Analysis
Boykin & Schoenofer (2013) Nursing as Caring a grand or general nursing theory, submit that all human are caring and the caring interactions between the nurse and the nursed leads to growth and knowledge of both parties. Nurse diabetes educators utilizing the human aspect of caring interactions between themselves and the patient increase meeting diabetic healthcare goals and improve outcomes for patients diagnosed with diabetes. This paper aim is to support the theory of Nursing as Caring through historical content of the theory and presentation of studies that validate the act of caring on patient outcomes.
Theory Introduction
Nursing as Caring: A Model for Transforming Practice sets forth a different order of nursing theory. This nursing …show more content…
theory is personal, not abstract. In order to ex-press nursing as caring there is a clear need to know self as caring person. The focus of the Nursing as Caring theory, then, is not toward an end product such as health or wellness. It is about a unique way of living caring in the world. It is about nurses and nursed living life and nurturing growing humanly through participation in life together (Boykin & Schoenhofer, 2013, p. 34).
Purpose of Theory
Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) reported that in many Scandinavian countries recognize the discipline of caring science for the professions such as medicine, social work, clinical psychology and pastoral. Identifiers for caring science involve the act of counseling, with this act of caring as the focus of their work and fluid in nature depending upon the needs of the individual seeking caring.
Boykin and Schoenhoffer (2013) point out that while caring is not unique to nursing, it is uniquely expressed in nursing.
Nurse diabetes educators based upon their role in providing education and counseling to diabetic patients presents a wonderful opportunity to apply the tenants of Nursing as Caring. Moreover, the belief set forth by Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) that the nurses and nursed living life and nurturing growing humanly through participation in life together enhances the diabetes nurse educator and patient relationship. Given that a great portion of diabetes control is directly contributed to lifestyle modifications as the essential to improved outcomes Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) expression of seeking to understand provides an opportunity for growing and caring of the diabetic patient. Application of Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) premise that understanding how a person might be supported, sustained or strengthened through caring in practical application within the nurse diabetes educator and patient relationship, presents in the seeking information for facets that contribute to the control or lack of control in the diabetic patient. Often the acts and interactions with others in the daily living of the diabetic patient present as a source of support or lack of support. The chronic nature of diabetes and the feeling of isolation associated with the task daily care needs leaves the patient feeling isolated in the burden of …show more content…
diabetes.
Three Key Concepts
Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) three key concepts of Nursing as Caring are 1.
All are caring in that each person are born with the innate ability to want, need and provide care and caring, caring is central to nursing in both as a discipline and a profession. 2. Expression of caring is an essential expression of being human, in other words people remember how they cared for, how a person made them feel cared for and how they cared for others. 3. Being (personhood) as a value underlies the major concepts of nursing in that through caring all possibilities are known to the fullest, all aspect of being (personhood), living and caring contributes to growth through the nurturing relationship with
others.
Theoretical Definitions, Conceptual and Operational Definitions
Although Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) acknowledged the ongoing debate in nursing over conceptual and operational definitions surrounding technical versus philosophical connotations. However, the theory of Nursing as Caring leads to measurable outcomes as a direct result of nursing care, nursing role in what the nurse has to offer the patient in regard to needs and the end product or outcomes resulting from the caring interaction. Phenomena for the relationship of nurse educator and patient requires an overlapping understanding of the scientific and interpersonal interactions that impact diabetes outcomes. As stated previously, the caring relationship between the nurse educator and patient contributes to measurable outcomes such laboratory results, decreased comorbidities and increased quality of life.
Boykin and Schoenhofer (20130 went onto state that the theory of Nursing as Caring development, resulted from the context of their understanding of human science. While familiar with the formal tools used for measurement in the disciplines of physical and natural sciences, Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) believed that mathematical forms proved inappropriate for evaluating the impact of the theory in the discipline of nursing. Therefore, the theorist did not present their work in the traditional form of concepts, definitions, statements, and propositions and admitted to struggles in finding ways to present and preserve the integrity of nursing as caring through expressions that are measurable. However, nursing research as quantitative and qualitative provides opportunity for scientific measurement of caring. Despite this struggle to define Nursing as caring into a scientifically measureable outcome, numerous studies continues to define and measure the scientific the act of caring in conceptual and operational terms.Nursing as Caring in the conceptual represents for Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) the central act of the impact of caring in positive outcomes for both the care provider and the cared for. Liehr and Smith (2008) point out that Middle range theories address substantive knowledge of the discipline by explicating and expanding on specific phenomena that are related to the caring healing process. Liehr and Smith (2008) point out that middle range theories have direct linkages to research and practice and developed inductively through qualitative research and practice observations or deductively through logical analysis and synthesis. Therefore, the Middle Range theorist, Swanson (2001), who influenced Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) provide a foundation for data development that allows operational tools, methods or techniques to measure the science or caring based upon outcomes.
Statements That Link Concepts
Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) recognized that caring is relational, built upon the relationship between nurse and the nursed, with the nurse performing individual task and the ability understanding and value the patient leads to improved outcomes. Specifically, built upon the influential aspect of caring developed by Sawnson (2001) Theory of Caring, which recognizes that caring makes a profound difference in the lives of the patients served in health care. In comparison of the five basic processes of Swanson (2001) caring theory: 1. Knowing, 2. Being with, 3. Doing for, and 4. Enabling and 5. Maintaining belief, with Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) five major conceptualizations of caring: 1. Human traits, 2. Moral imperative, 3. An affect, 4. And interpersonal interaction and 5. An intervention, provides information that translates into measurable scientific data in outcomes and goal attainment for the diabetic patient.
Assumptions
Nursing cannot separate the link between mind and body in performance of nursing task, recognizing the link between mind and body melds the science of nursing and the theory of nursing as caring. Specifically, three implicit assumptions work synergistically to improve diabetes outcomes. Nursing as Caring dictates that first the fundamental expression of caring involves assessing, valuing and honoring all that comprise the holistic aspects of the diabetic patient. Second, nursing as caring involves listening, taking in what the diabetic patient said impacts their diabetes outcomes. Third, being present physically and emotionally, demonstrating understanding of the factors that contribute and affect the outcomes for the diabetic patient.
Research Study
Miller and Bauman (2014) point out that many diabetes-related behaviors are highly complex and require planning to develop an appropriate goal setting strategy. Miller and Bauman (2014) suggest that successful goal setting requires elements that mirror closely to the five processes of caring. Goal attainment requires: assessing behaviors, analyzing task, assessing self-efficacy, establishing goals, developing a plan, providing feedback, and expanding upon attained goals.
Conclusion
Nursing as Caring believes that all human are caring and the caring interactions between the nurse and the nursed leads to growth and knowledge of both parties. Nurse diabetes educators utilizing the aspect of nursing as caring, interactions between themselves and the patient increase meeting diabetic healthcare goals and improve outcomes for patients diagnosed with diabetes.
Theory Introduction
Nursing as Caring: A Model for Transforming Practice sets forth a different order of nursing theory. This nursing …show more content…
theory is personal, not abstract. In order to ex-press nursing as caring there is a clear need to know self as caring person. The focus of the Nursing as Caring theory, then, is not toward an end product such as health or wellness. It is about a unique way of living caring in the world. It is about nurses and nursed living life and nurturing growing humanly through participation in life together (Boykin & Schoenhofer, 2013, p. 34).
Purpose of Theory
Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) reported that in many Scandinavian countries recognize the discipline of caring science for the professions such as medicine, social work, clinical psychology and pastoral. Identifiers for caring science involve the act of counseling, with this act of caring as the focus of their work and fluid in nature depending upon the needs of the individual seeking caring.
Boykin and Schoenhoffer (2013) point out that while caring is not unique to nursing, it is uniquely expressed in nursing.
Nurse diabetes educators based upon their role in providing education and counseling to diabetic patients presents a wonderful opportunity to apply the tenants of Nursing as Caring. Moreover, the belief set forth by Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) that the nurses and nursed living life and nurturing growing humanly through participation in life together enhances the diabetes nurse educator and patient relationship. Given that a great portion of diabetes control is directly contributed to lifestyle modifications as the essential to improved outcomes Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) expression of seeking to understand provides an opportunity for growing and caring of the diabetic patient. Application of Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) premise that understanding how a person might be supported, sustained or strengthened through caring in practical application within the nurse diabetes educator and patient relationship, presents in the seeking information for facets that contribute to the control or lack of control in the diabetic patient. Often the acts and interactions with others in the daily living of the diabetic patient present as a source of support or lack of support. The chronic nature of diabetes and the feeling of isolation associated with the task daily care needs leaves the patient feeling isolated in the burden of …show more content…
diabetes.
Three Key Concepts
Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) three key concepts of Nursing as Caring are 1.
All are caring in that each person are born with the innate ability to want, need and provide care and caring, caring is central to nursing in both as a discipline and a profession. 2. Expression of caring is an essential expression of being human, in other words people remember how they cared for, how a person made them feel cared for and how they cared for others. 3. Being (personhood) as a value underlies the major concepts of nursing in that through caring all possibilities are known to the fullest, all aspect of being (personhood), living and caring contributes to growth through the nurturing relationship with
others.
Theoretical Definitions, Conceptual and Operational Definitions
Although Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) acknowledged the ongoing debate in nursing over conceptual and operational definitions surrounding technical versus philosophical connotations. However, the theory of Nursing as Caring leads to measurable outcomes as a direct result of nursing care, nursing role in what the nurse has to offer the patient in regard to needs and the end product or outcomes resulting from the caring interaction. Phenomena for the relationship of nurse educator and patient requires an overlapping understanding of the scientific and interpersonal interactions that impact diabetes outcomes. As stated previously, the caring relationship between the nurse educator and patient contributes to measurable outcomes such laboratory results, decreased comorbidities and increased quality of life.
Boykin and Schoenhofer (20130 went onto state that the theory of Nursing as Caring development, resulted from the context of their understanding of human science. While familiar with the formal tools used for measurement in the disciplines of physical and natural sciences, Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) believed that mathematical forms proved inappropriate for evaluating the impact of the theory in the discipline of nursing. Therefore, the theorist did not present their work in the traditional form of concepts, definitions, statements, and propositions and admitted to struggles in finding ways to present and preserve the integrity of nursing as caring through expressions that are measurable. However, nursing research as quantitative and qualitative provides opportunity for scientific measurement of caring. Despite this struggle to define Nursing as caring into a scientifically measureable outcome, numerous studies continues to define and measure the scientific the act of caring in conceptual and operational terms.Nursing as Caring in the conceptual represents for Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) the central act of the impact of caring in positive outcomes for both the care provider and the cared for. Liehr and Smith (2008) point out that Middle range theories address substantive knowledge of the discipline by explicating and expanding on specific phenomena that are related to the caring healing process. Liehr and Smith (2008) point out that middle range theories have direct linkages to research and practice and developed inductively through qualitative research and practice observations or deductively through logical analysis and synthesis. Therefore, the Middle Range theorist, Swanson (2001), who influenced Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) provide a foundation for data development that allows operational tools, methods or techniques to measure the science or caring based upon outcomes.
Statements That Link Concepts
Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) recognized that caring is relational, built upon the relationship between nurse and the nursed, with the nurse performing individual task and the ability understanding and value the patient leads to improved outcomes. Specifically, built upon the influential aspect of caring developed by Sawnson (2001) Theory of Caring, which recognizes that caring makes a profound difference in the lives of the patients served in health care. In comparison of the five basic processes of Swanson (2001) caring theory: 1. Knowing, 2. Being with, 3. Doing for, and 4. Enabling and 5. Maintaining belief, with Boykin and Schoenhofer (2013) five major conceptualizations of caring: 1. Human traits, 2. Moral imperative, 3. An affect, 4. And interpersonal interaction and 5. An intervention, provides information that translates into measurable scientific data in outcomes and goal attainment for the diabetic patient.
Assumptions
Nursing cannot separate the link between mind and body in performance of nursing task, recognizing the link between mind and body melds the science of nursing and the theory of nursing as caring. Specifically, three implicit assumptions work synergistically to improve diabetes outcomes. Nursing as Caring dictates that first the fundamental expression of caring involves assessing, valuing and honoring all that comprise the holistic aspects of the diabetic patient. Second, nursing as caring involves listening, taking in what the diabetic patient said impacts their diabetes outcomes. Third, being present physically and emotionally, demonstrating understanding of the factors that contribute and affect the outcomes for the diabetic patient.
Research Study
Miller and Bauman (2014) point out that many diabetes-related behaviors are highly complex and require planning to develop an appropriate goal setting strategy. Miller and Bauman (2014) suggest that successful goal setting requires elements that mirror closely to the five processes of caring. Goal attainment requires: assessing behaviors, analyzing task, assessing self-efficacy, establishing goals, developing a plan, providing feedback, and expanding upon attained goals.
Conclusion
Nursing as Caring believes that all human are caring and the caring interactions between the nurse and the nursed leads to growth and knowledge of both parties. Nurse diabetes educators utilizing the aspect of nursing as caring, interactions between themselves and the patient increase meeting diabetic healthcare goals and improve outcomes for patients diagnosed with diabetes.