Obedience to Authority
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Title of the Research
The title of this research is “Obedience of soldiers to authority depicted in Saving Private Ryan novel by Max Allan Collins”
1.2 Field and Object of the study
The field of study in this research is literature while the object of this research is novel entitled Saving Private Ryan by Max Allan Collins. This research focuses on how chosen soldiers who got order to save Ryan respond and obey the superior authority. Also, this research will apply sociological psychology of obedience criticism theory and use psychological approach.
1.3 Background of the study
Obedience in the community can not be separated from the culture. obedience to rules formed by human could still be considered by moral parameters of each individual, as well as obedience to the rules and values of religion in public life, moral constraints and considerations make us able to make obedience become unstable, it is different with its laws which firm, obedience to the rule of law can not be contested by any.
In military, obedience to the authority of superior is the highest oath for subordinate soldier. According to lieutenant colonel Kenneth H. Wenker in his paper on Air University, all American military personnel have made a promise to obey in the form of the enlistment oath or the commissioning oath. (Wenker, 1981). Every order, without exception, still in the environment of military and governemental, must be obeyed without asking, hesitating, or do refusing.
One will be punished or at least not rewarded if he does not obey.While this may be true and may sometimes provide sufficient reason (on teleological grounds) for complying with orders or regulations, nonetheless, it provides grounds only for compliance (not obedience) and only in those instances where the disobedience will be noted. We are more interested in an obedience based on the authority of the superior than in a compliance due to the superior’s ability to give rewards
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Title of the Research
The title of this research is “Obedience of soldiers to authority depicted in Saving Private Ryan novel by Max Allan Collins”
1.2 Field and Object of the study
The field of study in this research is literature while the object of this research is novel entitled Saving Private Ryan by Max Allan Collins. This research focuses on how chosen soldiers who got order to save Ryan respond and obey the superior authority. Also, this research will apply sociological psychology of obedience criticism theory and use psychological approach.
1.3 Background of the study
Obedience in the community can not be separated from the culture. obedience to rules formed by human could still be considered by moral parameters of each individual, as well as obedience to the rules and values of religion in public life, moral constraints and considerations make us able to make obedience become unstable, it is different with its laws which firm, obedience to the rule of law can not be contested by any.
In military, obedience to the authority of superior is the highest oath for subordinate soldier. According to lieutenant colonel Kenneth H. Wenker in his paper on Air University, all American military personnel have made a promise to obey in the form of the enlistment oath or the commissioning oath. (Wenker, 1981). Every order, without exception, still in the environment of military and governemental, must be obeyed without asking, hesitating, or do refusing.
One will be punished or at least not rewarded if he does not obey.While this may be true and may sometimes provide sufficient reason (on teleological grounds) for complying with orders or regulations, nonetheless, it provides grounds only for compliance (not obedience) and only in those instances where the disobedience will be noted. We are more interested in an obedience based on the authority of the superior than in a compliance due to the superior’s ability to give rewards
References: Colman, Andrew (2009). A Dictionary of Psychology. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0199534063. Division 19 Society for Military Psychology. (2009). Military Psychology Overview. Retrieved November 24, 2009, Michels, K. (2004). Intelligence Testing in the United States Military. Retrieved October 29, 2009, Milgram, S. (1963). "Behavioral study of obedience". Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology (67): 371–378 Milgram, S. (1974). Obedience to Authority, Harper and Row. Milgram, S. (1973). The perils of obedience. Harper’s Magazine, 62-77. Staal, M. & Stephenson, J. (2006). Operational Psychology: An Emerging Subdiscipline. Military Psychology, 18(4), 269-282 http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1981/jul-aug/wenker.htm http://www.sparknotes.com/psychology/psych101/socialpsychology/section7.rhtml