The largest technological breakthrough in prehistory was the discovery of fire. The discovery of the technology to make and sustain fire.
The discovery of fire, or, more precisely, the controlled use of fire was, of necessity, one of the earliest of human discoveries. Fire 's purposes are multiple, some of which are to add light and heat, to cook plants and animals, to clear forests for planting, to heat-treat stone for making stone tools, to burn clay for ceramic objects.
Until not long ago mainstream archeology thought fire making was discovered in current day China some 300,000 to 500,000 years ago. But more recent discoveries in the last few decades have suggested that the discovery of fire technology was made far before that time period.
The original source of fire undoubtedly was lightning, and such fortuitously ignited blazes remained the only source of fire for aeons. In reality humans most likely made the discovery of fire making from spontaneous eruptions of earth gas, lightning strikes and vulcanic eruptions which were common in east Mid-Africa where Homo Sapiens and many other hominids lived in prehistoric times. In an ancient site in Israel called Gesher Benot Ya’aqov burned wood and seeds were discovered dating back to 790,000B.C.
Findings in the Transvaal, South Africa, show that Hominids were making fire far before previously thought. The Homo Erectus, a predecessor to the **Homo Sapien that lived aproximately 1,5 million to 30,000 years ago, has been thought possible to have known how to use fire. But the ability to make fire was almost certainly not known by the **Homo Erectus.
According to Ancient Folklore…
Many civilizations tell the story of the importance of the discovery of fire. Stories of hero’s and magical beasts that master the use of fire. In Greek mythology the hero Prometheus steals the fire from the gods and brings it to the humans.
The discovery of fire making has almost certainly been made by Homo Sapiens
References: http://www.ancienttechnology.net/discovery-of-fire/ http://www.virtualclassroom.net/tvc/internet/fire.htm https://www.sciencemag.org/content/304/5671/725.abstract http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qesem_Cave http://www.unesco.org/ext/field/beijing/whc/pkm-site.htm http://www.zambia-the-african-safari.com/stone-age.html http://www.zambiatourism.com/travel/hisgeopeop/history.htm