Parthenon And The Pantheon
Throughout the years architects have been able to display their artistic abilities by showcasing their different styles and capabilities in structures that still stand from thousands of years ago. This essay will examine the function as well as the style of two of those archaic buildings in both the Parthenon of ancient Athens and the Pantheon of ancient Rome. Furthermore, it will put them side by side to compare and contrast the two.
From 447-432 BCE during the golden era a great temple was constructed on the Acropolis of Athens, the Parthenon (Sakoulas, 2002). It’s construction was ordered by the Athenian political leader Pericles following the end of the Peloponnesian War to symbolize Athens power and influence in the Mediterranen and was …show more content…
built by the architects Iktinos and Kallikrates (Sakoulas, 2002). The Parthenon is a temple that was built as a dedication to Athena, who was the Greek goddess of reason, intelligent activity, arts and literature according to Greek mythology (“Athena,” 1997) Inside the temple stood a gold and ivory monument of Athena (Sakoulas, 2002).
The Parthenon was constructed in such a magnificent way, in the Doric, which is one of three ways utilized in ancient Greek architecture. The Doric order can be characterized by the somewhat tapered columns that are the thickest of all the orders seen in ancient Greece. It consisted of eight columns at the front wall and seventeen columns on the side (The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, 2009)
In 125 CE during the reign of Hadrian, the Pantheon located in Rome, Italy was completed.
It represents a temple dedicated to all the gods of Ancient Rome. The astonishing temple was destroyed and reconstructed twice. Like the Parthenon, the Pantheon has statues of gods, however not just one god is represented. The Pantheon is holy place that holds the tombs of Rafael, many Italian Kings as well as famous painters, composers and architects of the Renaissance period (Cartwright, 2013). As time passed the Pantheon was made into a church devoted to St. Mary and the Martyrs (Cartwright, 2013). It is the first temple that combines concrete construction with Greek classical orders. The dome shown below is the world's largest dome made of unreinforced solid concrete. The Pantheon was a dome and it was the first of its type, constructed by developing arches around a central …show more content…
axis.
Both temples were utilized for Religious functions.
The Parthenon was a temple to worship the Greek goddess Athena and the Pantheon was a dedication to all the Roman Gods. Both had been utilized and reused for many different reasons. There are several features that were shared within Greek architecture and are noticeable in the engineering of the Roman Pantheon. Both of these temples help to provide insight into the ancient world as they are well preserved and the architectural greatness is very evident is the time that has passes since they were built.
The two temples were constructed in very different times. The Parthenon of Athens was constructed in 432 BC and the Parthenon in Rome was constructed in 125 AD. They are located in different parts of the Mediterranean. The Parthenon has a rectangular appearance while the Pantheon is a round building showing off a square front. They are dedicated to different gods The Greek goddess Athena is represented in Parthenon, while the Pantheon is dedicated to a multitude of gods. Marble, post and lintel were utilized in the construction of the Parthenon, and barrels, and true arch and concrete were utilized in the
Pantheon.
In conclusion the temples symbolize architectural beauty and allow a look into ancient times and life. They allow us to see the amazing techniques utilized before technology and have provided us with a base that many building are based off of today.
References
Athena. (1997). Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Greek mythology, http://www.greekmythology.com/Olympians/Athena/Athena.html
Cartwright, M. (2013). Pantheon. Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Ancient Histrory Encyclopedia, http://www.ancient.eu/Pantheon/
Sakoulas, T. (2002). Parthenon. Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Ancient Greece, http://ancient-greece.org/architecture/parthenon.html
The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica (2009). Order | architecture. In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/technology/order-architecture
From 447-432 BCE during the golden era a great temple was constructed on the Acropolis of Athens, the Parthenon (Sakoulas, 2002). It’s construction was ordered by the Athenian political leader Pericles following the end of the Peloponnesian War to symbolize Athens power and influence in the Mediterranen and was …show more content…
built by the architects Iktinos and Kallikrates (Sakoulas, 2002). The Parthenon is a temple that was built as a dedication to Athena, who was the Greek goddess of reason, intelligent activity, arts and literature according to Greek mythology (“Athena,” 1997) Inside the temple stood a gold and ivory monument of Athena (Sakoulas, 2002).
The Parthenon was constructed in such a magnificent way, in the Doric, which is one of three ways utilized in ancient Greek architecture. The Doric order can be characterized by the somewhat tapered columns that are the thickest of all the orders seen in ancient Greece. It consisted of eight columns at the front wall and seventeen columns on the side (The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, 2009)
In 125 CE during the reign of Hadrian, the Pantheon located in Rome, Italy was completed.
It represents a temple dedicated to all the gods of Ancient Rome. The astonishing temple was destroyed and reconstructed twice. Like the Parthenon, the Pantheon has statues of gods, however not just one god is represented. The Pantheon is holy place that holds the tombs of Rafael, many Italian Kings as well as famous painters, composers and architects of the Renaissance period (Cartwright, 2013). As time passed the Pantheon was made into a church devoted to St. Mary and the Martyrs (Cartwright, 2013). It is the first temple that combines concrete construction with Greek classical orders. The dome shown below is the world's largest dome made of unreinforced solid concrete. The Pantheon was a dome and it was the first of its type, constructed by developing arches around a central …show more content…
axis.
Both temples were utilized for Religious functions.
The Parthenon was a temple to worship the Greek goddess Athena and the Pantheon was a dedication to all the Roman Gods. Both had been utilized and reused for many different reasons. There are several features that were shared within Greek architecture and are noticeable in the engineering of the Roman Pantheon. Both of these temples help to provide insight into the ancient world as they are well preserved and the architectural greatness is very evident is the time that has passes since they were built.
The two temples were constructed in very different times. The Parthenon of Athens was constructed in 432 BC and the Parthenon in Rome was constructed in 125 AD. They are located in different parts of the Mediterranean. The Parthenon has a rectangular appearance while the Pantheon is a round building showing off a square front. They are dedicated to different gods The Greek goddess Athena is represented in Parthenon, while the Pantheon is dedicated to a multitude of gods. Marble, post and lintel were utilized in the construction of the Parthenon, and barrels, and true arch and concrete were utilized in the
Pantheon.
In conclusion the temples symbolize architectural beauty and allow a look into ancient times and life. They allow us to see the amazing techniques utilized before technology and have provided us with a base that many building are based off of today.
References
Athena. (1997). Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Greek mythology, http://www.greekmythology.com/Olympians/Athena/Athena.html
Cartwright, M. (2013). Pantheon. Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Ancient Histrory Encyclopedia, http://www.ancient.eu/Pantheon/
Sakoulas, T. (2002). Parthenon. Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Ancient Greece, http://ancient-greece.org/architecture/parthenon.html
The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica (2009). Order | architecture. In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/technology/order-architecture