Plagiarism

Plagiarism-Are we all thieves? "He who imitates must have a care that what he writes be similar, not identical... and that the similarity should not be of the kind that obtains between a portrait and a sitter, where the artist earns more praise the greater the likeness, but rather of the kind that obtains between a son and his father...we (too) should take care that... what is like should be hidden as to be grasped only by the mind 's silent enquiry. We should therefore make use of another man 's inner quality and tone, but avoid his words. For the one kind of similarity is hidden and the other protrudes; the one creates poets, the other apes." - Petrarch, Le familiari, XXIII The word Plagiarism came from the Latin word “plagiaries” literally meaning a “kidnapper”. This use of the word was introduced into English in 1601 by dramatist Ben Jonson, to describe as a plagiary someone guilty of literary theft. Plagiarism is the "wrongful appropriation" and "purloining and publication" of another author 's "language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions," and presenting them as one 's own original work. In literature and in the visual arts, from the Renaissance onwards, a canon of models encouraged artists to engage in copying or imitation from other artists ' works. Originality, if it exists at all, is not an absolute state; its identification is subject to a scale of relative values and knowledge, it is conditional to time and place. Brown defines plagiarism as "...appropriating another person 's ideas or words (spoken or written) without attributing those word or ideas to their true source." Oxford characterizes plagiarism as the use of "a writer 's ideas or phraseology without giving due credit”. Mere copying and imitation are different things. In imitation, there is a degree of generalisation which avoids the risk of direct quotation, permitting the imitator to move within his or her own imagination. Copying is simply

References: 1. Petrarch, Le familiari, XXIII(1966), quoted in Gombrich, E., Norm and Form: Studies in the Art of the Renaissance, Phaidon Press. 2. Gombrich, ibid 3. Barron, F(1974) 4. Green, Stuart P. (2002). "Plagiarism, Norms, and the Limits of Theft Law: Some Observations on the Use of Criminal Sanctions in Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights". Hastings Law Journal 54 (1). 5. Valpy, Francis Edward Jackson (2005) ,Etymological Dictionary of the Latin Language, p.345. 6. Susan D. Blum(2010), My Word: Plagiarism and College Culture on Amazon.com, ISBN-10: 0801476615. 7. Unpublished paper (2012) “Student Honour Code”. Emory: Oxford College. Princeton University. 8. “What is plagiarism?”(2012). Brown University Library. 9. Dellavalle, Robert P.; Banks, Marcus A.; Ellis, Jeffrey I 10. Sonal Panse (2008), published in buzzle.com 11. Frank Arnau, J 12. Loveleena Rajeev (2012),http:/www.buzzle.com/articles/plagiarism.html