The New Testament is a collection of the religious teachings and beliefs of Christianity. …show more content…
The books were written in the first century in Palestine, which at the time was under the rule of the Roman Empire. The New Testament displays the beginnings of a people challenging the long-held beliefs of the Israelite community by following the teachings of Jesus.
The Gospel of Matthew contains the story of Jesus and his early ministry. The author's purpose for the text was establishing and defining Christianity, and spreading the word of Jesus' teachings. Matthew contains elements important to the early church: the story of Jesus' miraculous conception, and explanation of the importance of liturgy, law, discipleship, and teaching, and an account of Jesus' life and death.
Matthew was written for the Jews.
The author of Matthew did not seem to think of Christianity as something that involved a definite break with the Jewish religion. Instead, he considered Christianity as a continuation and fulfillment of the Old Testament. The author pointedly shows that Jesus' teachings are compatible with Judaism, and Jesus' life fulfills the old testament prophecies. He uses a familiar past, relating prior teachings that the people of the time are familiar with, focusing on the fulfillment of the Old Testament and quoting it often. However, he challenges mere external obedience to religious law, valuing instead an internal spiritual transformation. Matthew's purpose in writing to the Jews was to show them that Jesus of Nazareth was the expected messiah and both his genealogy and his resurrection were legitimate proofs of …show more content…
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Matthew begins with a genealogy of Jesus that traces his ancestry as far back as Abraham.
The ancestry is traced on the side of Joseph, although the author later definitively states that Joseph was not Jesus' father. Following the genealogy is an account of the wise men's visit to Jesus' birth site, Herod's attempt to destroy the newborn child, and the flight into Egypt for the child's protection. After the death of Herod, the family returned and settled in the Galilee town of Nazareth, which, according to Matthew, fulfilled another Old Testament prophecy.
All that ancient Israel had looked for with hope and high expectation is now to be fulfilled in the Christian church. Ancient Israel was given the Law through Moses, and now the new Israel has received another and even higher law in the teachings of Jesus. The basis for membership in the new Israel is neither race nor color nor nationality nor anything other than the character of individuals who believe in Jesus and put their trust in him. Believers will come from both Jews and Gentiles and from all parts of the
world.
Acts is intended as a portrayal of the history of the early church and the Christians in the first century. It depicts the story of the spread of Christianity, the growing distance between Christianity and Judaism, and the triumph of the Christian message despite persecutions.
In Acts, Luke traces the expansion of the Christianity from its beginnings to the time when it has been spread over the world. Luke was aware of the way in which Christianity was being attacked by enemies of the movement, and by writing Acts, he wanted to present the story of its development favorably. He greatly appreciated the points of view held by Jewish Christians, who conceived of Christianity as a further development of Judaism instead of as an entirely separate movement. He wanted to emphasize the agreements rather than the differences among those groups whose ideas frequently clashed with one another.
Acts gives insight into the transition of Christianity from a Jewish sect into its own distinct religion. The controversies over adherence to Jewish law, the role of Gentiles within the church, and the relationship of the Diaspora communities to the Jerusalem community. Controversy between the Hellenists and the Hebrews introduces the first dissent within the church. The Hebrews were the Jewish Christians who were born into a Jewish cultural background and adhere strictly to Jewish law. The Hellenists were the Jewish adherents to Jesus, born into a Greek cultural background; they felt discriminated against by the Hebrews.
The Christian churches of the first century drew their membership from both Jews and Gentiles. The first Christians were Jews, and their first missionary activities were directed toward winning members from this group. However, not long thereafter, their activities were extended to include Gentiles, and many of those who had been non-Jews were welcomed into the newly formed Christian communities. The common element shared by both those who had been Jews and those who were Gentiles was loyalty to the person known as Jesus of Nazareth. Both groups recognized Jesus as a man of God and looked forward to a time when the message that he proclaimed would be spread throughout the world, bringing salvation to all those who would receive it.
Acts shows the importance of missionary work in the early church. Begins with Jesus telling the apostales in Jursalem to concentrate on spreading the Gospel on Earth and ends years later with Paul in Rome.