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Point of Care Testing Devices

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Point of Care Testing Devices
Testing/Diagnostics
Point Taken by Sarah Michaud

Overview of point-of-care testing, technological challenges, and future opportunities.

The DCA Vantage™ system from Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics better manages diabetes patients by enabling quick results and actionable physician-patient conversations at the time of the visit.
Point-of-care testing (POCT) technology provides immediate, portable, and convenient medical diagnostics near the site of patient care. POCT 's near-instantaneous results allow health care providers to make treatment decisions for their patients in a shorter amount of time compared to traditional laboratory diagnostics. Faster test results translate to rapid treatment for patients—which can save lives in critical care scenarios.

POCT: THEN AND NOW
POCT has been around since the 1980s. Early forms of the technology were mainly used for collecting data, such as measuring blood glucose levels. The clinical and operational benefits of POCT were first evident in the operating room. For the management of cardiovascular surgery patients, POCT technology has been an indispensable aid. The technology has advanced to not only coordinate with financial and reimbursement protocols and inform physician-patient communication, but also to integrate with electronic medical records (EMRs) and wireless and Web technologies.

POCT technology is now used in primary care, emergency department, and intensive care environments. Typical assays include blood glucose testing, blood gas and electrolyte analysis, coagulation testing, cardiac marker diagnostics, drug screening, urine dipsticks, pregnancy testing, fecal occult blood analysis, food pathogen screening, hemoglobin diagnostics, infectious disease testing, and cholesterol screening.1 The most common POCTs used in US hospitals include glucose (99%), coagulation (62%), blood gas (50%), chemistry (36%), hematology (28%), urinalysis (15%), and cardiac (3%) diagnostics.2 In short, POC technology is



References: Ward-Cook K, Chapman S, Tannar S. 2002 Wage and Vacancy Survey of Medical Laboratories. Lab Medicine. 2003;34:631-638. Lenters-Westra E, Slingerland RJ. Six of eight hemoglobin A1c point-of-care instruments do not meet the general accepted analytical performance criteria. Clin Chem. 2010;56:44-52. Laurence CO, Moss JR, Briggs NE, Beilby JJ. The cost-effectiveness of point of care testing in a general practice setting: results from a randomised controlled trial. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010;10:165. Laboratory General Checklist, Statement GEN.55500 and Point of Care Checklist. Northfield, IL; June 17, 2010. MacMillan D. Reimbursment for point-of-care testing. Point of Care. 2002;1:253-258. Karon BS, Wickremasinghe AC, Lo SF, Saenger AK, Cook WJ. BiliChek transcutaneous bilirubin meter overestimates serum bilirubin as measured by the Doumas reference method. Clin Biochem. 2010;43:1009-12. Research set to revolutionize cardiac testing. University of Ulster, October 12, 2007. Available at: news.ulster.ac.uk/releases/2007/3443.html. Accessed May 14, 2011. Smith AM, Dave S, Nie S, True L, Gao X. Multicolor quantum dots for molecular diagnostics of cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2006;6:231-244. FDA clears Abbott 's i-STAT 1 wireless point of care testing system. Abbott, March 29, 2011. Available at: www.abbottpointofcare.com/pdfs/028706%20Rev%20A%20i-STAT%201%20Wireless%20Press%20Release.pdf. Accessed May 14, 2011. Wireless connectivity now available for Nova 's Hospital Meters. Nova Biomedical, 2011. Available at: www.pointofcare.net/Nova_Wireless_Press_Release.pdf. Accessed May 14, 2011.

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