Pom Cases
Chapter 2
Charts and Graphs
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
The overall objective of chapter 2 is for you to master several techniques for summarizing and depicting data, thereby enabling you to:
1. Recognize the difference between grouped and ungrouped data.
2. Construct a frequency distribution.
3. Construct a histogram, a frequency polygon, an ogive, a pie chart, a stem and leaf plot, a Pareto chart, and a scatter plot.
CHAPTER TEACHING STRATEGY
Chapter 1 brought to the attention of students the wide variety and amount of data available in the world of business. In chapter 2, we confront the problem of trying to begin to summarize and present the data in a meaningful manner. One mechanism for data summarization is the frequency distribution which is essentially a way of organizing ungrouped or raw data into grouped data. It is important to realize that there is considerable art involved in constructing a frequency distribution. There are nearly as many possible frequency distributions for a problem as there are students in a class. Students should begin to think about the receiver or user of their statistical product. For example, what class widths and class endpoints would be most familiar and meaningful to the end user of the distribution? How can the data best be communicated and summarized using the frequency distribution?
The second part of chapter 2 presents various ways to depict data using graphs. The student should view these graphical techniques as tools for use in communicating characteristics of the data in an effective manner. Most business students will have some type of management opportunity in their field before their career ends. The ability to make effective presentations and communicate their ideas in succinct, clear ways is an asset. Through the use of graphics packages and such techniques as frequency polygons, ogives, histograms, and pie charts, the
Charts and Graphs
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
The overall objective of chapter 2 is for you to master several techniques for summarizing and depicting data, thereby enabling you to:
1. Recognize the difference between grouped and ungrouped data.
2. Construct a frequency distribution.
3. Construct a histogram, a frequency polygon, an ogive, a pie chart, a stem and leaf plot, a Pareto chart, and a scatter plot.
CHAPTER TEACHING STRATEGY
Chapter 1 brought to the attention of students the wide variety and amount of data available in the world of business. In chapter 2, we confront the problem of trying to begin to summarize and present the data in a meaningful manner. One mechanism for data summarization is the frequency distribution which is essentially a way of organizing ungrouped or raw data into grouped data. It is important to realize that there is considerable art involved in constructing a frequency distribution. There are nearly as many possible frequency distributions for a problem as there are students in a class. Students should begin to think about the receiver or user of their statistical product. For example, what class widths and class endpoints would be most familiar and meaningful to the end user of the distribution? How can the data best be communicated and summarized using the frequency distribution?
The second part of chapter 2 presents various ways to depict data using graphs. The student should view these graphical techniques as tools for use in communicating characteristics of the data in an effective manner. Most business students will have some type of management opportunity in their field before their career ends. The ability to make effective presentations and communicate their ideas in succinct, clear ways is an asset. Through the use of graphics packages and such techniques as frequency polygons, ogives, histograms, and pie charts, the