Project in History

* 1. The Proponents:Antonio, Marvin B.Ayes, Edwin, Jr. M.De Chavez, Benita M.Gomez, Gilbert E.Facurib, Jayson P.Solis, Mark Anthony E.Tulisana, Ruben P. BSIT – 4 lad Evening * 2. The Filipinos began to fight theSpaniards the moment theysettled permanently in 1565 andcontinued this resistance to theend of their rule in 1898. In October 1889, a group of ilustrados in Paris, signing themselves as the “Filipinos”. The Philippine Revolt patterns must be treated holistically and not separately. * 3. Personal and religious Resistance to Spanish- Revolts are imposedcategorized into economic and three religious institutions Land problems * 4. The revolts were personally led by former barangay datus and maharlikas, as well as babaylans and katalonas, who had lost their prestige and power in their communities with the coming of the Spaniards, and were supplanted by leaders chosen by the Spaniards and by the Spanish friars. Lakandula and Soliman Revolt in 1574 due to sequestration of their landed properties and even toleration of the encomendero’s abuse and oppression of their people. * 5. The conspiracy of the maharlikas headed by Agustin de Legazpi and Martin Pangan. In 1621-22, an outlawed babaylan, Tamblot of Bohol employed magic and religion in alluring the unbelieving people to abandon Christianity and to return to their former beliefs. In no time, he was crushed by Juan de Alcarazo, alcalde mayor of Cebu. The rebellion in Carigara (Leyte), led by Bankaw, Datu of Limasawa * 6. Francisco Dagohoy’s revolt in Bohol. This was the longest revolt in Philippine history taking 85 years to quell (1744- 1829). Silang Revolt in Ilocos Palaris Revolt in Pangasinan Magtangaga Revolt in Cagayan * 7. Two Christianized Isnegs of Northwest Cagayan, Miguel Lanab and Alalaban of Capinatan (Apayao), revolted in 1625, by mutilating and beheading the Dominicans Fr. Alonzo Garcia and Bro. Onofre Palao. A nativist revolt with religious overtones was led by Tapar in Oton, Iloilo, whom proclaimed himself, “God Almighty”. * 8. The Magtangaga Revolt in Cagayan in October 1718 led by Francisco Rivera, a vissionary who appropriated for himself the title of “Papa Rey”. Ermano Apolinario de la Cruz’s revolt which was divided into two phases: phase 1 from 1832- 1841 was from the founding of the Confradia de San Jose in 1832 to the death of Dela Cruz in 1841, and phase 2 from 1870- 71, with the revival of the Confradia in 1870, terminating with the revolt and capture of Januario Labios in 1871. * 9. Among the major rebellions belonging to this class were those in the late 16th century led by Magalat of Cagayan, the Sumodoy and the CARAGA revolts in the 17th century. * 10. Name of Date Place Cause Leader Result RevoltLakandula 1574 Tondo, Failure of Gov. Lakandula Failed Navotas Lavezares to fulfill Legazpis’ promise to LakandulaPampanga 1585 Pampanga Abuses of Failed. A Spanish woman Encomiendero betrayed the s revolt.Todo 1587- Tondo, Desire for Magat Failed 1588 Cuyo, Independence Salamat, because the Calamianes Martin plot was Pangan, discovered. Juan Leaders Banal, were Pedro executed. Balingit * 11. Name of Date Place Cause Leader Result RevoltCagayan- 1589 Cagayan, Refusal to pay Failed.Ilocos Ilocos tributes, Easily Norte tyranny of suppressed. tribute collectorsMagalat 1596 Cagayan Abuses of the Magalat Failed. Hired Tribute Assasins Collectors killed the Magalat.Igorot 1601 Northern Desire for Failed Luzon religious tolerationIrrayas 1621 Cagayan Oppression of Felipe It was not Valley the Indios by Cutabay, materialized the Spanish Gabriel due to Fr. officials Dayag Pedro Sto. Tomas preaching. * 12. Name of Date Place Cause Leader Result RevoltTamblot 1621- Bohol Desire to Babaylan It was 1622 abandon Tamblot suppressed Christianity and by the return to old Spaniards religious faith and Cebuanos.Bankaw 1621 Leyte Desire for Bankaw Failed Religious Pagali TolerationCagayan 1625, Cagayan Desire for Miguel Failed. 1627, independence Lanab, Leaders 1639 and punishment Aldaban were of a woman pardoned whom and later displeases killed when certain Spanish they officials revolted anew. * 13. Name of Date Place Cause Leader Result RevoltCaraga 1629- Caraga, Dissatisfaction Failed 1631 Northern of Mindanao townspeople to Spanish ruleCagayan 1639 Cagayan Dissatisfaction It was with Spanish suppressed. ruleLadia 1643 Malolos, Weariness Pedro Failed Bulacan and from Spanish Ladia Southern oppression LuzonVisayan 1649- Eastern Caused by Juan Ponce Leaders 1650 Visayas, Gov. Fajardo’s Sumoroy were Northern order to send and Pedro captured Mindanao, Visayan Caamug and were Zamboanga laborers tyo beheaded. Cavite for shipbuilding * 14. Name of Date Place Cause Leader Result RevoltPampanga 1660- Bacoor, Failure of Francisco General 1661 Cavite and officials to pay Maniago amnesty Pampanga rice purchased; granted to repeated rebels. Initial requirements payment for for polo y services. servicoPangasinan 1660- Binalatongan, Quarrel Andres Failed 1661 Pangasinan between Fr. Malong Gorospe and and Pedro Malong GumpaosIlocos 1661 San Nicolas, Spanish Juan Failed. Bacarra, aggression Magsanop, Leaders Laog, Ilocos Pedro were Almazan executed. and Gaspar Cristobal * 15. Name of Date Place Cause Leader Result RevoltPanay 1663 Oton, Desire to put up Tapar It was Panay a modified form suppressed. of ChristianityAgrarian 1745- Bulacan, Usurpation of Matienza Failed 1746 Morong Filipino lands (Rizal), by religious Cavite, orders LagunaDagohoy 1744- Bohol Refusal of Fr. Francisco Failed but 1828 Morales to give Dagohoy rebels were Dagohoy’s pardoned. brother a Christian BurialSilang 1762- Ilocos Desire to expel Diego Failed. 1763 the Spaniards silang and Diego was from Ilocos Gabriela assasinated . Silang * 16. Name of Date Place Cause Leader Result RevoltPalaris 1762- Pangasina Demand for reforms Juan Dela Failed. especially the 1765 n Cruz Palaris was changing of local officials Palaris executedBasi 1807 Ilocos Government Pedro Failed. monopoly of basi Mateo Rebels were manufacturing crushed by government troops.Hermano 1840- Quezon Being a native, Pule Apolinario Failed was denied to bePule 1841 Province dela Cruz admitted as a monk. He founded the religious brotherhood, Confradia De San Jose, which the government outlawed and ordered to be dissolved. * 17. Most united groups were the Muslims. They were bounded by Islam. Continuous military expeditions failed to subdue them. They fought back by raiding the coastal towns under Spain. * 18. Absence of national leader Lukewarm spirit of nationalism among Filipinos Inadequate training and preparation for warfare * 19. It is the love of one’s country and people. It is a feeling of oneness that binds the people to a common past and a common identity. It includes pride in one’s cultural heritage, support for the country’s aspirations, patriotism and advocacy of national independence. * 20. 1. Influx of liberal ideas from Europe2. Introduction of modern technology3. The opening of Philippines to world trade4. The opening of the Suez Canal – traveling to other countries exposed the Filipinos to modern ideas of liberty.5. The rise of new middle class- occupied a high position in society because of their wealth and prestige. They also criticized the unequal treatment of the Spaniards to the Filipinos. * 21. 6. Secularization Issue Two kinds of priest during the Spanish Regime a) Regular - Spanish priests who belong to any of the religious orders. b) Secular - Priest who obtained their religious training in the Philippines who were under the direct control of the bishops and archbishops. Filipino priests were not only denied access tothe parishes but some of them were removed fromtheir parishes to accommodate the regulars . Thisevent turned out to be a racial discriminationagainst Filipino secular priests. * 22. 7. Cavite Mutiny- Soldiers and workers at the Cavite Arsenal rebelled against the withdrawal of their privileges of non-payment of taxes and exemption from forced labor.8. Trial and execution of GOMBURZA9. Disillusionment over Spanish rule- common sufferings under tyrannical rule of the Spaniards fostered a feeling of unity among Filipinos. * 23. It was not a radical agitation to overthrow Spanish rule by a bloody revolution but instead it was a peaceful campaign following these aims: * 24. Equality of Filipinos and the Spaniards before the law Assimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of Spain Restoration of Philippine representation in the Cortes, the law making body of Spain Filipinization of Philippine parishes Individual liberties for the Filipinos, such as freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom to assembly and freedom of petition for action on all complaints * 25. The members were from the middle class families representing the group of Filipino Intelegencia. Jose Rizal: the greatest novelist of the movement He wrote his poetical masterpiece entitled Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Farewell) Noli Me Tangere (1887) El Felibusterismo (1891) * 26. The official organ/ magazine of the Propaganda Movement Graciano Lopez Jaena served as the first editor The first issue was published in Barcelona Spain on February 15, 1889 * 27. To work for political and social reforms peacefully To present the sad conditions in the Philippines so that Spain can remedy them To oppose the evil influences of reaction and outmoded beliefs and practices To advocate liberal ideas and progress To champion the just aspirations of the Filipinos to life, democracy and happiness * 28. Marcelo H. Del Pilar- Plaridel Jose Rizal- Laong Laan and Dimasalang Mariano Ponce- Naning, Tikbalang or Kalipulako Antonio Luna- Taga-ilog Jose Ma. Panganiban- Jomapa Dominador Gomez- Ramiro Franco * 29. Established in January 12, 1889 A civic society in Madrid of the propagandists and their Spanish friends Miguel Morayta was the first president * 30. Organized to fight against the La Solidaridad Jose Feced was the editor of this magazine * 31. Unus instar Omnium (One like All) Founded by Jose Rizal July 03, 1892 at Ilaya Street in Tondo The constitution was written in Hong Kong with the help of Jose Ma. Basa * 32. Union of the Philippine Archipelago into a compact, strong and homogeneous body. Mutual protection of the members Defense against all violence and injustice Encouragement of education, agriculture and commerce Study and application of reforms * 33. July 7, 1892: Gen. Eulogio Despujol ordered Rizal’s arrest and imprisonment at Fort Santiago July 15: He was put into exile in Dapitan This marked the fall of the La Liga Filipina Some members, led by Apolinario Mabini, tried to revive the league but the failed because many members, including Andres Bonifacio, believed that it was useless to expect reforms from the corrupt Spaniards.