Pros And Cons Of Adoptable Health Care System

Adoptable health care system for the older population confront the challenge of long term health care needs. Adoptable health care system help the pay health care cost, housing, and living requirements like food. The programs and policies were created under the OAA (Older Americans Act). In 1965, the Older American Act was designed to meet the social service needs of the older population. OAA is to focus on problems associated with aging, which is developed by federal Administration on Aging and headed by an assistant secretary for aging at the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Administration on Aging provides leadership, technical assistance, and support to service providers, caregivers, and volunteers in helping with
the elder. Some service is referral programs, in-home services, nutrition services, and legal assistance. The groups targeted for service are low-income people, minorities, rural elders, and old and frail. Also, Medicaid, Medicare, and Social Security reform with a aging population is important. Medicaid was a Title XIX of the Social Security Act in 1965. It is a means-tested program for the poor. The state and federal government fund the program with criteria for eligibility and regulation. It is the major support for the elder in health care. The program is great for long-term care for the elder. Medicaid is the source of payment for two-thirds of nursing home and other institutional long-term care (Markson, Stein, Alden, 2016). Medicare was a title XVII under the Social Security Act in 1965. It is not a means tested program for the poor. Criteria are 10-year work history from self or spouse with a permanent resident in U.S. Medicare is a health insurance for elderly and disable individual create a trust fund and earning taxes. Not all expenses get paid by Medicare or long-term care. Medicare is an acute care for the elderly and disabled individuals. Medicare has four parts known as A, B, C, and D. Part A & B is the original Medicare. Part C is the advantage plan. Part D is the prescription drug coverage. Medicare is for short-term or acute care. 97.2% of the institutionalized elders over the age of 65 have Medicare. Finally, the Social Security Act is to help elders and unemployed individuals. It is a social insurance program. The program is a trust fund. According to textbook “Social Gerontology: Issues & Prospects” by Markson, Stein, Alden (2016) the Social Security Act has two parts to help with welfare which is (a) a federal system of old-age benefits for retired workers who were formerly employed in industry and commerce, and (b) a federal-state system of unemployment insurance (chapter 9.4). In addition to the Social Security Act, federal grants for welfare gets provided known as means-tested programs, which aid assistance to live.
Removing age discrimination increases the number of healthy individuals in an aging population. The older adult is discriminated against related to biological changes. Some biological changes with the older adult are hearing, touch, and seeing problems. The biological changes are either normal aging or usual aging. Normal aging refers to processes that are intrinsic to aging. In contrast, usual aging is a more statistical definition or average (Markson, Stein, Alden, 2016). Hearing loss can be presbycusis, noise-induced hearing loss, and sensorineural hearing loss. Presbycusis is the inability to identify with high-pitched sounds over time. Noise-induced hearing loss is the result of one extremely loud noise. Sensorineural hearing loss is the both presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss from a damaged inner ear, which translate sound waves into nerve impulses. For example, hair dryer or a stereo can result in sensor issues like hearing loss because of the extreme press to nerve impulse. Touch is a functions that protect our body from heat, cold, and injury. Touch is a sensor for comfort. For example, the awareness that touch communicates to the brain with temperature is important. It is important because it lets us know when parts of our body get sensitive to cold or hot temperature where sustainability to life is not possible. In other words, touch indicates circulation of blood has increased or slowed. The biological change impact the aging population with discrimination. However, laws and regulation help prevent and promote wellness for the older population by reducing discrimination. Some laws are and regulation are American with Disabilities Act, ADEA (Age Discrimination in Employment Act), and FMLA (Family Medical Leave Act). Legislation passed the Americans with Disabilities Act to overturn discrimination based on age or disability with the suggestion of making accommodations for older or disabled workers. ADEA is a discriminatory law against age, which got passed in 1967. In 1993, FMLA the Family and Medical Leave Act was passed, which is 12 weeks of unpaid leave during any 12-months mandated for public and private employers with 50 or more employees. Some reason for the leave off work is birth, adoption, severe personal illness, or care of a family member. The benefit for an elder is the reduction of stress with finance when illness hits with love ones or self.

Outcome

The outcome with the solution have both positive and negative outcomes to society. The positive outcome with the solution of sustainable pension system, adoptable health care system, and alleviating age discrimination are better health and economic growth. The pension system reduce stress from lack of worries of future income for older individual to maintain living standards. The adoptable health care system promotes opportunities in health care, housing arrangements, and food that promote better health for the aging population. Some health care programs are in-home services, nutrition services, and legal assistance. The programs target low-income people, minorities, rural elders, and old and frail to help meet short and long term care needs. Alleviating age discrimination builds and promote economic growth from equality. For example, the ADEA is to prevent negative views and beliefs of an elder being unproductive, impairment, or sickly. The act excluded (a) age was a “bona fide occupational qualification” for the job or business; (b) fitness for a job was based on “reasonable factors other than age”; (c) a bona fide seniority system or employee benefit plan must be observed; and (d) an employee is discharged or disciplined (Markson, Stein, Alden, 2016). However, the act seems to be ineffective. According to textbook “Social Gerontology: Issues & Prospects” by Markson, Stein, Alden (2016) reads, “corporate downsizing, increased use of part-time and contract employees, automation, and less job security have put older workers at high risk of losing their jobs to younger ones. Higher pension and health insurance costs are also factors that cause older workers to lose jobs, although this is difficult to prove” (Chapter 11.5). In addition, innovation for the older population is created that simplified living. ADEA is responsible for elders having easy access to enters, hand rail in public bathrooms, and special shopping carts by bring awareness to the concern of older individuals.

Negative outcomes with the solution of sustainable pension system, adoptable health care system, and alleviating age discrimination are the requirement to management.
The management of the solution requires time, cost, labor, and education. Also, society, individuals, and government must be responsible. For example, The benefits for SSI comes from working. The payroll deduction contributes to SSI is 7.65% of covered earnings and employers match the employee contribution. Self-employed is 15.3% (A Primer: Social Security Act Programs to Assist the Disabled, 2005). The requirement to management SSI needs come from the government. The government must be paid by taxes to management the programs effectively and efficiently. In addition, individuals must be willing to
participate

Conclusion

The purpose of the following research is to discussion the challenges of aging population, which are poverty and economic growth, ensuring social protections of older persons, promoting health and well-being in old age with the solution of sustainable pension systems, adoptable health care system, and alleviating age discrimination plus the outcome of X and Y.
Parties responsible for supporting the life of and elder are the government, citizen, and family. The government is responsible for enforcing policies that promote good health and long life expectancy because the wellness gets regulated by the government. Some programs are Medicaid, FMLA, and Medicare. In addition, the government should take action to abuse of elders because the government is the power of the people. However, the United States lacks consensus on which policies should get adopted or rejected (Markson, Stein, Alden,
2016).