Congressional act of 1789 Created a supreme court, appoint 6 justices and establish a lower federal court system. Various acts of congress have changed the number of seats in the supreme court over the years. the lowest amounts between 5-6 and the highest 10. In fact after the civil war the seats were fixed to nine, that's 1 chief justice and 8 associate justices of the United states of America. the sole purpose of the supreme court is to protect Civil rights and liberties by over throwing laws that violate the constitution. This court hears mostly civil cases and will not try a criminal case, but will review and if determined that the constitutional rights of the defendant or the government has been compromised the supreme court can request a retrial by the appellate court. …show more content…
This generally means the decision of a high court are mandatory precedent on lower courts like common laws which in some states legally declare marriage of two individuals who have cohabited for a substantial amount of years.
The Constitution and laws of each state create the state courts. The supreme court is the kind of a last resort and is the highest court in the land. On a state level you have 94 U.S. judicial districts that are broken down into 12 circuits, with each having a United States Court of Appeals. These courts review and retry trials from their circuit as well as from the federal administrative agencies. Some are seen as Circuit or District Courts. These circuits can ask the supreme courts to hear the case. Not all cases are eligible to be reviewed by the U.S. Supreme Courts.
State court judges are selected in a variety of ways, including
They can be elected, appointed for a certain of years, for life, or even a mixure of these