Pros And Cons Of Artificial Embryo Twinning

The technical definition of cloning is to make a identical copy of but in biology it can be defined as the “process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually.” Cloning has been making progress for just over one hundred and thirty years. In 1885, researcher by the name of Hans Adolf Edward Dreisch began the theory of cloning ny performing the first-ever demonstration of artificial embryo twinning. His organism of choice was the sea urchin. The sea urchin is a relatively simple organism that is useful for studying development. Dreisch showed that it was completely possible to separate the cells by merely shaking two-celled sea urchin embryos. After the two cells were separated, the two sea urchin grew into full organisms. The purposes of this experiment was to show that each cell in the early stages of the embryo has its very own complete set of genetic instructions, through DNA, and can fully grow into a complete organism.
This vertebra was a salamander. This experiment was done by Hans Spemann in 1902. The first challenge that Spemann ran into was that embryos are much harder to split than sea urchin cells. How he did this was he made a very small noose made of baby hair and wrapped it around the embryo and tightened it until the two cells of the salamander embryo separated. Adult salamanders grew from each of these cells. He also tried this same method with more advanced salamander embryos but the result wasn’t as successful at fully developing into adult salamanders. The findings from this research and experimentation was that embryos from a more complex organism could also be ‘twinned’ similar to the sea urchin to create multiple identical organisms up to a certain point in