Pros and Cons on Industrialisation

Industrialisation is the process of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial one. It is a part of a wider modernisation process, where social change and economic development are closely related with technological innovation, particularly with the development of large-scale energy and metallurgy production. It is the extensive organisation of an economy for the purpose of manufacturing.
Industrialisation also introduces a form of philosophical change where people obtain a different attitude towards their perception of nature, and a sociological process of ubiquitous rationalisation.
There is considerable literature on the factors facilitating industrial modernisation and enterprise development. Key positive factors identified by researchers have ranged from favourable political-legal environments for industry and commerce, through abundant natural resources of various kinds, to plentiful supplies of relatively low-cost, skilled and adaptable labour.
As industrial workers incomes rise, markets for consumer goods and services of all kinds tend to expand and provide a further stimulus to industrial investment and economic growth.
The first country to industrialise was the United Kingdom during the Industrial Revolution commencing in the eighteenth century.
By the end of the 20th century, East Asia had become one of the most recently industrialised regions of the world.

The Industrial Revolution was a mixed blessing. It had both advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages
(i) Centre of economic life shifted from the villages to cities and towns where the factories were situated.
(ii) Urban (cities) and rural (villages) life became dependant upon one another. Isolated life of self-sufficient villages came to an end.
(iii) Men became free to develop their capabilities in areas other than farming.
(iv) It brought countries and people together. There was an international awareness among people because developments in one country influenced the others.
(v) The aristocracy and nobility with their feudal ideas were replaced by the newly rich middle class capitalists (bourgeoisie) who also became politically powerful.
(vi) Better transport, communications and mechanized goods made life comfortable for man.

Disadvantages
(i) Cities became crowded, smoky, with problems of slums, housing, sanitation, accidents and epidemics.
(ii) Women and child labor was badly exploited.
(iii) Workers suffered from long working hours, low wages, and unemployment, unsafe conditions of work, with no rights to vote strike or form trade unions.
(iv) Society, became divided into rich and poor, the 'Haves' and the 'Have- Nots'.
(v) It led to wars of imperialism and colonization.

Pros and Cons for industrialization The Factory System

Pro („The Blessing of the Factory System“) | Con (Coketown) | - Scientific improvements simplify the workmen’s duties, so that physical effort is no longer inevitable.- Every sort of people (old, young, men and women) could afford a post to better his financial and living standard.- Workers have easy jobs which only demand attention and dexterity (agility), instead of physical effort.- Articles, which could not be produced before, may be fabricated now in the factory system.- Factories and machinery created more posts.- No competition between skilled and unskilled labors. | - Industrialization provides a great pollution: smoke, ashes, black canal, bad smell and purple river.- Workers are exploited by the factory owners to work from dawn of Monday till night of Saturday.- No individualism (independence) anymore. The streets look all similar to each other and the inhabitants are also identical to each other. |