In Stanley Milgram’s “The Perils of Obedience,” Stanley Milgram designed an experiment that would involve an experimenter, a teacher, and a learner to determine how far obedience would play a role on willing participants. The purpose of Milgram’s experiment is to see how far a willing participant would go based on orders to continue knowing that the orders would result in another person’s pain. The experiment was set up so that two willing participants went into the experiment understanding that they were taking part in a memory and learning exercise. One of the two willing participants played the role as the…
The Milgram experiment demonstrated that people have been socially conditioned to follow instructions by an authoritarian figure. The participants in the Milgram experiment are pressured and almost verbally forced into continuing to deliver shocks to other participants for giving false answers. They had falsely been told the experiment was to determine the influence of punishment on memory. The results showed that 65% of the participants delivering the shocks delivered a fatal amount of voltage even knowing the destruction of it. It is hard for people to disobey because they have been socially conditioned to follow orders.…
In Replicating Milgram (The Open University, 2014), Milgram explains how he set up his obedience experiment. His aim was to get a volunteer, a ‘teacher’ to inflict increasing amounts of pain, through electric shocks, to another volunteer a ‘learner’ and to see when the ‘teacher’ would turn to the researcher, the ‘authority figure’ and ask to stop. Unknown to ‘the teacher’, the ‘learner’ and the ‘authority figure’ were aware of the real purpose of the experiment; the ‘teacher’ was told it was to study the effect of punishment on learning, and genuinely thought that they were inflicting pain on the ‘learner’ sat in another room. It was this deception and the emotional stress it generated to the ‘teacher’ that prompted the ethical issues debate…
In Milgram’s article, he explains an experiment he designed to test whether the subjects of the experiment would refuse the orders of authority and follow…
In the experiment, the subject is told by the experimenter to give shocks from a scale of low to dangerously high to the person in the electric chair (who was an actor) when they give a wrong answer. The shocks were not real, but prior to the experiment, the subjects were given a small shock to influence them that the shocks in the experiment were true. After the experiment, Milgram assesses that “between the command and the outcome, there is a paramount force, which is the subject’s capacity for choosing their own behaviour” (p. 851). Although there were people who acted in immoral ways and increased the shock levels, there were also those who chose to renounce the unjust commands of authority, “providing affirmation of human morals and ideals” (p. 851). Therefore, people do have a choice in refusing to abide by authority’s rules and demands, but they choose not to because they do not want to suffer the…
In 1963, Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University, conducted a series of social psychology experiments to study the conditions under which the people are obedient to authorities and personal conscience. The purpose of his experiment was to determine whether or not people were particularly obedient to the higher authority who instructed them to perform various acts even if they violate their own morals and ethics. It was one of the most famous studies of obedience in psychology as it has inspired other researchers to explore what makes people question authority and more importantly, what leads them to follow orders. There were several replications of his experiment and the results were identical to those reported by Milgram about how…
The Stanley Milgram experiment takes normal everyday people and gives them orders to do horrible…
In Milgram’s initial obedience experiments he found all of the participants administered shocks to the confederate up to the 300-volts while 26 of the initial 40 participants administered fatal electric shocks. When he repeated the experiment he found nearly 70% of participants would administer a fatal shock if instructed by an authority figure to do so. In the Stanford Prison Experiment, Zimbardo found both the student guards and student prisoners assumed their roles immediately. The guards began to degrade the prisoners and as a result the prisoners started to reject the guard’s authority and began to revolt. Secondly, Zimbardo found that some of the guards displayed cruel behavior and punished the prisoners with manual labor…
At first Milgram believed that the idea of obedience under Hitler during the Third Reich was appalling. He was not satisfied believing that all humans were like this. Instead, he sought to prove that the obedience was in the German gene pool, not the human one. To test this, Milgram staged an artificial laboratory "dungeon" in which ordinary citizens, whom he hired at $4.50 for the experiment, would come down and be required to deliver an electric shock of increasing intensity to another individual for failing to answer a preset list of questions. Meyer describes the object of the experiment "is to find the shock level at which you disobey the experimenter and refuse to pull the switch" (Meyer 241). Here, the author is paving the way into your mind by introducing the idea of reluctance…
While the test subject is in complete control over when the experiment can be stopped based on their own level of morals, it would not be considered proper to put the test subject in an environment like this that could be perceived as “hostile” without their complete knowledge of their part in the experiment. It would be impossible to inform the test subjects about the extremely stressful experiment they would be taking place in without informing them on exactly what they would be doing, and in this experiment, the discretion of the test was important to get clear and true results. Another immoral part of Milgram’s experiment was the severe psychological stress imposed on the applicants. Numerous participants stated that they felt extremely uncomfortable about what they were expected to do, although a sizable amount of the members in the primary trials subsequently pronounced that they felt vastly pleased to have been chosen to take part in the experiment. Another immoral aspect of the experiment was the fact that the test subject was not expressly given the right to withdrawal from the experiment, and were continuously given orders to continue the experiment. Milgram claimed that in this experiment strict orders were essential to…
The author states that one of the most prolific experiments in psychology, Milgram’s Experiment may not actually valid. The experiment was created in the 1960’s after WWII to prove if subconsciously humans were truly evil. Thus, proving the Nazis claims to “just be following orders” when they were put on trial for crimes against humanity. In 1961, Stanley Milgram began his experiment on obedience by putting an ad in the newspaper asking for 500 white, male volunteers from New Haven to do a memory test that they’d receive compensation ($4 an hour) for . But, that wasn’t entirely true.…
Yale University psychologist, Stanley Milgram, conducted an experiment in 1961 focusing on the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience. He examined justifications for acts of genocide offered by those accused at the World War II Nuremberg War Criminal trials. Their defense often was based on "obedience" - that they were just following orders from their superiors. Milgram's experiment, which he told his participants was about learning, was to have participants (teacher) question another participant (learner), and when the learner got a question wrong the teacher would shock the learner. For every question wrong, the teacher would increase the amount of volts used in the shock. Of course the experiment was actually about obedience, the learner was an experimenter, and the shock was faked (McLeod). Milgram's was one of the first psychology experiments to use…
What is The Milgram Experiment? It is one of the most famous social science studies of obedience in psychology ever conducted. This experiment was carried out by Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University, in 1963. He conducted this experiment focusing on the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience in which a large proportion of subjects complied with an experimenter’s instructions to deliver painful and potentially lethal shocks to a fellow participant. Milgram’s findings of the experiment invoked to explain atrocities ranging from the Holocaust to the torture of prisoners where individuals claimed that they were just following orders. Stanley Milgram was interested in researching how far people would go in…
Philip Zimbardo and Stanley Milgram conducted controversial experiments that had to deal with obedience. Zimbardo conducted an experiment in a mock prison that showed the roles of the guards and prisoners. Milgram conducted an experiment that tested how much pain a teacher would inflict on someone else at the command of an experimenter. The experiments that they conducted have been called wrong and unethical. Although the experiments vary from each other, they both changed the way the world looks at obedience and Authority.…
Milgram experiment was conducted at 1962 by Psychologist Stanley Milgram at Yale University. This experiment focused on how people will behave when their moral senses are conflicting with the authority. This experiment measured if people will obey authority or stand up what they believe for when their morals are challenged by a person with a greater social figure. These people who participated in the experiment were males in ages between twenty and forty. The volunteers were picked randomly from different backgrounds and education levels.…