Psycology

OUTLINE

The purpose of this outline is to assist note taking and have a brief exposure to the lecture material before class. The detailed PowerPoint notes will be posted right after each class.

PART I: Emotion
I. The Nature of Emotion
What is emotion?
Multi-component responses to challenges or opportunities that are important to the individual’s goals, especially social ones.
Major components include:
-Physiological changes
-Cognitive processes
-Action tendencies
-Cultural influences
a. Primary emotions
- Emotions considered to be unlversal and biologically based, usually thought to include fear, anger, sadness, happiness, surprise, disgust, and contempt.
b. Secondary emotions
- Emotions that are specific to certain cultures or those that usually develp with cognitive maturity.
c. Circumplex model of emotions
d. Adaptive qualities of positive and negative emotions
Negative emotions
-Evolved for survival purposes to detect and avoid threats.
Ex: fear, disgust
Moral and social functions
Ex: embarrassment, guilt

i. Broaden-and-build model of positive emotions -Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention, cognition, and action, which ultimately contributes in the building of physical, cognitive, and social resources for psychological well-being in the long run.

II. Emotion and the Body
a. Facial expressions
Fear
-Eyebrows raised and pulled together -Raised upper eye lids -Tensed lower eye lids
-Lips slightly stretched
Anger
-Eye-browns down and together-Eyes glare -Clenched fists
Sadness
-Dropping upper eye-lids -Losing focus in the eyes-Slightly pulling down of lip-corners.
Surprise
-Eye-browns raised -eyes widened – mouth open
Disgust
-Nose wrinkling -Upper-lip raised
Contempt
-Lip-corner tightened and raised on only one side of the face.
Happiness
-Crow’s fear wrinkles pushed up cheeks -Movement of muscles orbiting the eyes.
*Duchenne Smile
What is common here?
-Understanding silent