Public Speaking Quiz
| Public speaking has been taught and studied for thousands of years. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Public speaking has been taught and studied around the world for thousands of years. | | | | 2 | CORRECT | | Because people have different frames of reference, a public speaker must take care to adapt her or his message to the particular audience being addressed. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Because people have different frames of reference, a public speaker must take care to adapt her or his message to the particular audience being addressed. | | | | 3 | INCORRECT | | ____________ is anxiety over the
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prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience. | | | | | A) | Adrenaline | | | | | | B) | Visualization | | | | | | C) | Stage fright | | | | Feedback: Stage fright is anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience. Review "Developing Confidence: Your Speech Class." | | | | 4 | CORRECT | | It is normal--even desirable--to be nervous at the start of a speech. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: It is perfectly normal--even desirable--to be nervous at the start of a speech. | | | | 5 | UNANSWERED | | _____________ is controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation. | | | | | A) | Restrained anxiety | | | | | | B) | Positive nervousness | | | | | | C) | Performance anxiety | | | | | | D) | Focused nervousness | | | | | 6 | INCORRECT | | Listeners usually realize how tense a speaker is. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Listeners usually don't realize how tense a speaker is. Review "Dealing with Nervousness." | | | | 7 | CORRECT | | Public speaking and ordinary conversation are similar in that both involve adapting to listener feedback. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Both public speaking and ordinary conversation involve adapting to listener feedback. | | | | 8 | INCORRECT | | Critical thinking includes | | | | | A) | seeing the relationships among ideas. | | | | | | B) | judging the credibility of statements. | | | | | | C) | assessing the soundness of evidence. | | | | | | D) | all of the above. | | | | Feedback: Seeing the relationships among ideas, judging the credibility of statements, and assessing the soundness of evidence are all part of critical thinking. Review "Public Speaking and Critical Thinking." | | | | 9 | INCORRECT | | The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker are called ____________. | | | | | A) | cues | | | | | | B) | feedback | | | | | | C) | prompts | | | | Feedback: The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker are called feedback. Review "The Speech Communication Process." | | | | 10 | CORRECT | | The knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message make up the listener's | | | | | A) | frame of reference. | | | | | | B) | cognitive screen. | | | | | | C) | psychological filter. | | | | | | D) | attitudinal field. | | | | Feedback: The knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message make up the listener's frame of reference. | | | | 11 | INCORRECT | | Most successful speakers do not experience stage fright. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Surveys show that 76 percent of experienced speakers are nervous before taking the floor. Review "Nervousness is Normal." | | | | 12 | INCORRECT | | ____________ is mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation. | | | | | A) | Focusing | | | | | | B) | Visualization | | | | | | C) | Representation | | | | | | D) | Channeling | | | | Feedback: Mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation is referred to as visualization.
Review "Dealing with Nervousness." | | | | 13 | CORRECT | | Because each person has a different frame of reference, the meaning of a message will never be exactly the same to a listener as to a speaker. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Because each person has a different frame of reference, a message will never have exactly the same meaning to a listener as to a speaker. | | | | 14 | CORRECT | | According to your textbook, ____________ is anything that impedes the communication of a message. | | | | | A) | interference | | | | | | B) | blockage | | | | | | C) | distortion | | | | Feedback: Any factor that impedes the communication of a message is known as interference. | | | | 15 | CORRECT | | ____________ is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures. | | | | | A) | Ethnocentrism …show more content…
| | | | | | B) | Egocentrism | | | | | | C) | Elitism | | | | Feedback: Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures. | | | | 16 | INCORRECT | | Which of the following is likely to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches? | | | | | A) | Visualize yourself giving a strong speech. | | | | | | B) | Focus on communicating rather than on being nervous. | | | | | | C) | Be thoroughly prepared for each speech. | | | | | | D) | All of the above. | | | | Feedback: Visualizing yourself giving a strong speech, concentrating on communicating, and being thoroughly prepared will all help reduce your nervousness. Review "Dealing with Nervousness." | | | | 17 | UNANSWERED | | Avoiding ethnocentrism means that public speakers should | | | | | A) | show respect for the cultures of the people they address. | | | | | | B) | assume that their personal values are shared by all the audience. | | | | | | C) | agree with the beliefs of all groups and cultures. | | | | | | D) | all the above. | | | | | 18 | CORRECT | | Speechmaking becomes more complex as cultural diversity increases. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Speechmaking becomes more complex as cultural diversity increases. | | | | 19 | INCORRECT | | While listening to a speech about gun control, Scott thought back to his experiences as an intern with the police department and decided that the speaker was knowledgeable about the subject. Scott was | | | | | A) | missing the message due to the error of ethnocentrism. | | | | | | B) | sending feedback about the message to the speaker. | | | | | | C) | filtering the message through his frame of reference. | | | | | | D) | empowering the speaker to make a change in the world. | | | | Feedback: Scott was filtering the message through his frame of reference. Review "The Speech Communication Process." | | | | 20 | CORRECT | | Avoiding ethnocentrism is important for listeners as well as for speakers. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Listeners need to avoid ethnocentrism so they can focus on the speaker's message rather than appearance or accent. | | | | 21 | INCORRECT | | Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches? | | | | | A) | Be prepared to fail in your first few speeches. | | | | | | B) | Tell the audience how nervous you get when speaking. | | | | | | C) | Work especially hard on your speech introduction. | | | | | | D) | All of the above | | | | Feedback: Working especially hard on your introduction is an excellent way to combat nervousness. Review "Dealing with Nervousness." | | | | 22 | NOT GRADED | | List the seven elements of the speech communication process discussed in your textbook. | | | Your Answer: a s d f g h j | | | Feedback: The seven elements of the speech communication process are: * speaker * message * channel * listener * feedback * interference * situation Review "The Speech Communication Process." | | | | | 23 | NOT GRADED | | What are the four major similarities between conversation and public speaking discussed in your textbook? | | | Your Answer: a s d d | | | Feedback: Conversation and public speaking both involve: * organizing your thoughts logically. * tailoring your message to your audience. * telling a story for maximum impact. * adapting to listener feedback. Review "Similarities Between Public Speaking and Conversation." | | | | | 24 | NOT GRADED | | What are the three primary differences between conversation and public speaking? | | | Your Answer: c, m, m | | | Feedback: The three primary differences between conversation and public speaking are: * Public speaking is more highly structured. * Public speaking requires more formal language. * Public speaking requires a different method of delivery. |
CH2
| | Because speechmaking is a form of power, it carries with it heavy ____________ responsibilities. | | | | | A) | ethical | | | | | | B) | psychological | | | | | | C) | sociological | | | | Feedback: Because speech making is a form of power, it carries with it heavy ethical burdens. Review the chapter introduction. | | | | 2 | CORRECT | | ____________ is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs. | | | | | A) | Linguistics | | | | | | B) | Ethics | | | | | | C) | Theology | | | | Feedback: Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs. | | | | 3 | INCORRECT | | In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against | | | | | A) | a set of ethical standards or guidelines. | | | | | | B) | the practicality of taking that course of action. | | | | | | C) | a set of legal criteria for acceptable speech. | | | | | | D) | the speaker's goals in a given situation. | | | | Feedback: Sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines. Review "The Importance of Ethics." | | | | 4 | INCORRECT | | Even though there can be gray areas when it comes to assessing a speaker's goals, it is still necessary to ask ethical questions about those goals. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Although there can be gray areas when it comes to assessing a speaker's goals, this is not a reason to avoid asking ethical questions about them. Review "Make Sure Your Goals are Ethically Sound." | | | | 5 | UNANSWERED | | Because listeners recognize that public speakers are promoting their self-interest, it is acceptable for speakers to alter evidence. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | | 6 | INCORRECT | | Which of the following violates the speaker's ethical obligation to be honest in what she or he says? | | | | | A) | juggling statistics | | | | | | B) | quoting out of context | | | | | | C) | citing unusual cases as typical examples | | | | | | D) | all of the above | | | | Feedback: Juggling statistics, quoting out of context, and citing unusual cases as typical examples all violate the speaker's ethical obligation to be honest in what she or he says. Review "Be Honest in What You Say." | | | | 7 | CORRECT | | The larger the audience becomes, the greater is the ethical responsibility of the speaker to be fully prepared. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Neither the size nor the composition of an audience changes the speaker's ethical responsibility to be fully prepared. | | | | 8 | INCORRECT | | ____________ is the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups. | | | | | A) | Name-calling | | | | | | B) | Ethnocentrism | | | | | | C) | Hyperbole | | | | Feedback: Name-calling is the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups. Review "Avoid Name-Calling and Other Forms of Abusive Language." | | | | 9 | CORRECT | | If you present another person's language or ideas as your own, you are guilty of ____________. | | | | | A) | defamation | | | | | | B) | personification | | | | | | C) | plagiarism | | | | Feedback: If you present another person's language or ideas as your own, you are guilty of plagiarism. | | | | 10 | INCORRECT | | According to your textbook, stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own is called | | | | | A) | global plagiarism. | | | | | | B) | patchwork plagiarism. | | | | | | C) | incremental plagiarism. | | | | | | D) | admissible plagiarism. | | | | Feedback: Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own is called patchwork plagiarism. Review "Patchwork Plagiarism." | | | | 11 | INCORRECT | | Gabrielle, a physiology major, waited until the last minute to begin preparing her persuasive speech. When her friend Ken learned that she was panicking over the assignment, he gave her the outline of a speech he had delivered in class the previous semester. Gabrielle used the speech and presented it as her own. | | | | | A) | Gabrielle is guilty of no ethical offense because Ken willingly gave her his speech. | | | | | | B) | Gabrielle is guilty of patchwork plagiarism because she took her speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own. | | | | | | C) | Gabrielle is guilty of global plagiarism because she took a speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own. | | | | | | D) | Gabrielle is guilty of incremental plagiarism because she took ideas or language from two or three sources and passed them off as her own. | | | | Feedback: Gabrielle is guilty of global plagiarism because she took a speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own. Review "Global Plagiarism." | | | | 12 | INCORRECT | | When a speaker _____________, she restates or summarizes an author's ideas in her own words. | | | | | A) | illustrates | | | | | | B) | rationalizes | | | | | | C) | paraphrases | | | | Feedback: When a speaker paraphrases, she restates or summarizes an author's ideas in her own words. Review "Incremental Plagiarism." | | | | 13 | CORRECT | | It is only necessary for a speaker to identify his or her source when quoting verbatim rather than when paraphrasing. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Even when you paraphrase, you still need to give the author credit just as if you were quoting verbatim. | | | | 14 | CORRECT | | Even if your speech as a whole is ethical, you can still be guilty of ____________ plagiarism if you fail to give credit for quotations, paraphrases, and other specific parts of the speech that are borrowed from other people. | | | | | A) | normal | | | | | | B) | incremental | | | | | | C) | technical | | | | Feedback: Incremental plagiarism occurs when a speaker fails to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people. | | | | 15 | INCORRECT | | Protecting a speaker's freedom to express his or her ideas implies agreement with those ideas. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: It is important to protect a person's freedom to express her or his ideas even if you don't agree with those ideas. Review "Maintain the Free and Open Expression of Ideas." | | | | 16 | NOT GRADED | | According to your textbook, what is the ethical reason to avoid racist, sexist, and other kinds of abusive language? | | | Your Answer: a | | | Feedback: Contrary to what some people claim, avoiding racist, sexist, and other kinds of abusive language is not simply a matter of "political correctness." Such language is ethically suspect because it devalues the people in question and stereotypes them in ways that assume the innate superiority of one group over the other. Review "Avoid Name-Calling and Other Forms of Abusive Language." | | | | | 17 | NOT GRADED | | When preparing his speech, Chad, a physiology major, checked out two books on the principles of neuromuscular therapy and paraphrased their ideas. Because he expressed the information in his own words, Chad decided not to cite his sources. Was he guilty of plagiarism? Explain. | | | Your Answer: a | | | Feedback: Chad was guilty of incremental plagiarism because he failed to give credit for particular parts of his speech that were borrowed from other people. Review "Incremental Plagiarism." | | | | | 18 | NOT GRADED | | What are the three ethical obligations of listeners discussed in your textbook? | | | Your Answer: a | | | Feedback: The ethical obligations of listeners discussed in your textbook are: * Listen courteously and attentively. * Avoid prejudging the speaker. * Maintain the free and open expression of ideas. Review "Guidelines for Ethical Speaking." | | | | | 19 | NOT GRADED | | State the five guidelines for ethical speaking discussed in your textbook. | | | Your Answer: a | | | Feedback: The guidelines for ethical speaking are: * Make sure your goals are ethically sound. * Be fully prepared for each speech. * Be honest in what you say. * Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language. * Put ethical principles into practice |
CH4
____________ is a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas A) Imaging B) Brainstorming C) Channeling Feedback: Generating ideas by free association of words and ideas is called brainstorming. Review "Brainstorming for Topics."
2 INCORRECT When your general purpose is to ____________, you act as a teacher or lecturer. A) inform B) persuade C) entertain Feedback: When your general purpose is to inform, you act as a teacher or lecturer. Review "Determining the General Purpose." 3 CORRECT When you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to ____________. A) inform B) persuade C) entertain Feedback: When you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to persuade.
4 INCORRECT The ____________ is a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in her or his speech. A) introductory statement B) general purpose statement C) specific purpose statement D) central idea Feedback: The specific purpose statement is a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in the speech.
Review "Determining the Specific Purpose."
5 INCORRECT The ____________ is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech. A) signpost B) central idea C) internal summary D) hypothesis Feedback: The central idea is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech. Review "Phrasing the Central Idea
6 INCORRECT The central idea of a speech is usually formulated before the specific purpose. A) True B) False Feedback: The central idea is usually formulated after the specific purpose. Review "What Is the Central Idea?"
7 INCORRECT "To persuade my audience that media violence is a major cause of violence in society" is an example of a(n) A) hypothesis. B) internal preview. C) specific purpose statement D) topic summary. Feedback: "To persuade my audience that media violence is a major cause of violence in society" is an example of a specific purpose statement. Review "Determining the Specific
Purpose."
8 INCORRECT Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "Why should the university raise tuition?" A) It's too specific. B) It's too technical. C) It's expressed as a question. D) All of the above. Feedback: The flaw in this specific purpose statement is that it is phrased as a question. Review "Tips for Formulating the Specific Purpose Statement."
9 CORRECT Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "To persuade my audience that Congress should ban handguns and increase spending for education." A) It's too political. B) It expresses the speaker's opinion C) It contains two unrelated ideas. D) All of the above. Feedback: The flaw in this specific purpose statement is that it contains two unrelated ideas, either of which could serve as the subject for a speech.
10 CORRECT Identify the flaw in the following central idea for a speech: "Something should be done about global warming." A) It's too vague. B) It's too persuasive. C) It's too impersonal. D) It's too trivial. Feedback: This central idea is too vague because it does not identify what should be done about global warming.
11 INCORRECT Although the specific purpose statement for a speech should not be phrased as a question, it is acceptable to phrase the central idea as a question. A) True B) False Feedback: Neither the specific purpose statement nor the central idea should be phrased as a question. Review "Phrasing the Central Idea."
12 INCORRECT The ____________ is what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech. A) residual message B) concluding statement C) general purpose D) attention statement Feedback: The residual message is what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech. Review "What Is the Central Idea
13 INCORRECT What is the central idea of a speech with the following main points:
I. Isabel Baumfree was born into slavery in the state of New York during the 1790s. II. After undergoing a conversion experience and changing her name to Sojourner Truth, she began preaching during the 1840s.
III. Over the next few decades, she became a celebrated speaker for various reform causes. A) The life of Sojourner Truth. B) Sojourner Truth: From Slavery to Freedom C) To inform my audience about the life of Sojourner Truth. D) Sojourner Truth was born into slavery, underwent a conversion experience, and became a speaker for various reform causes. Feedback: The central idea should encapsulate or sum up the main points of a speech. Review "What Is the Central Idea?"
14 CORRECT The central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence. A) True B) False Feedback: The central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence.
15 NOT GRADED Rewrite the following statement to conform to the criteria in your textbook for effective specific purpose statements.
Do you know the meaning behind the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur? Feedback: Specific purpose statements should be phrased as full infinitive phrases, not as questions. A more effective specific purpose statement would be: To inform my audience of the meaning behind the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur.
16 NOT GRADED What are the four methods of brainstorming for a speech topic discussed in your textbook? Feedback: The four methods of brainstorming for a speech topic are: personal inventory clustering reference search
Internet search
Review "Brainstorming for Topics."
17 NOT GRADED What are five questions you should ask about your specific purpose statement when you are preparing a speech? Feedback: Five questions you should ask about your specific purpose statement are:
Does my purpose statement meet the assignment?
Can I accomplish my purpose in the time allotted?
Is the purpose relevant to my audience?
Is the purpose too trivial for my audience?
Is the purpose too technical for my audience
18 NOT GRADED Supply the general purpose, specific purpose, and central idea for a speech with the following main points:
I. The first step in buying a house is seeing a loan officer.
II. The second step in buying a house is deciding what features you want. III. The third step in buying a house is looking at houses that are for sale
IV. The fourth step in buying a house is making an offer. Feedback: General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the four major steps in buying a house. Central Idea: The four major steps in buying a house are seeing a loan officer, deciding what features you want, looking at houses, and making an offer."
19 NOT GRADED Supply the general purpose, specific purpose, and main points for a speech with the following central idea:
The Chinese meal known as dim sum features three kinds of food: steamed, deep-fried, and baked. Your Answer: a Feedback: General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the three major kinds of food served at dim sum. Main Points: I. One type of food served at dim sum is steamed. II. A second type of food served at dim sum is deep-fried. III. A third type of food served at dim sum is baked. Ch15 Which of the following is an instance of persuasive speaking? A) a family therapist illustrating parenting skills B) a professor explaining the elements of an atom C) a lawyer arguing for the acquittal of her client D) an executive assistant clarifying copyright laws Feedback: The correct answer is "a lawyer arguing for the acquittal of her client." This is an instance of persuasive speaking because the speaker is seeking agreement from the audience on a contested issue. Review the chapter introduction.
2 INCORRECT Because persuasion aims to change the beliefs or actions of listeners, speaking to persuade is one of the few cases in which a speaker does not need to consider her or his ethical obligations A) True B) False Feedback: Speakers need to honor their ethical obligations regardless of the kind of speech they are giving. A persuasive speech should be both convincing and ethically sound.
3 INCORRECT The ____________ audience is the portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade. A) ideal B) preferred C) target Feedback: The target audience is the portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade. Review "The Target Audience."
4 CORRECT Concentrating on the target audience means that a persuasive speaker can ignore the rest of the audience. A) True B) False Feedback: Even though a persuasive speaker should concentrate on the target audience, she or he needs to keep in mind the ideas and feelings of the entire audience
5 INCORRECT "To persuade my audience that eating yogurt prolongs human life" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of ____________. A) fact B) research C) value Feedback: Because it deals with the truth or falsity of an assertion, this is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of fact. Review "What Are Questions of Fact?"
6 INCORRECT A persuasive speech on a question of fact is essentially the same as an informative speech. A) True B) False Feedback: The aim of an informative speech is to present the facts in an impartial manner. A persuasive speech on a question of fact presents one view of the facts as convincingly as possible. Review "Analyzing Questions of Fact."
7 CORRECT "To persuade my audience that discrimination on the basis of marital status is unfair" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of ___________. A) fact B) value C) policy Feedback: This is an example of a question of value, which deals with the fairness, morality, or ethics of an idea or action.
8 INCORRECT Persuasive speeches on questions of value are usually organized in A) topical order. B) comparative advantages order. C) Monroe's motivated sequence. D) spatial order. Feedback: Persuasive speeches on questions of value are usually organized in topical order. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Value."
9 CORRECT Whenever you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to A) inspire your audience to follow your call for action B) justify your value judgment against a set of standards or criteria C) provide evidence to prove the cause of a serious social problem. D) all of the above. Feedback: When you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to justify your value judgment against a set of standards or criteria.
10 INCORRECT A question of ____________ deals with whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken. A) expedience B) policy C) conscience Feedback: A question of policy deals with whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken. Review "What Are Questions of Policy?"
11 CORRECT "To persuade my audience that Congress should revise the laws governing medical malpractice" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of policy. A) True B) False Feedback: Because it recommends taking a particular course of action, this specific purpose statement deals with a question of policy.
12 INCORRECT In a persuasive speech to gain ____________, the speaker's goal is to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of that policy. A) delayed consent B) passive agreement C) incremental approval D) deferred action Feedback: A speech to gain passive agreement seeks to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of that policy. Review "Types of Speeches on Questions of Policy."
13 INCORRECT "To persuade my audience to become regular blood donors" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech seeking passive agreement. A) True B) False Feedback: This is a specific purpose statement for a speech seeking immediate action rather than passive agreement. Review "Types of Speeches on Questions of Policy."
14 CORRECT What method of organization is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points?
I. Fraudulent charity fund-raising has become a widespread problem.
II. The problem can be solved by a combination of government initiative and individual awareness. A) topical order B) comparative advantages order C) Monroe's motivated sequence D) problem-solution order Feedback: These main points are organized in problem-solution order, in which the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second main point presents a solution to the problem.
15 INCORRECT ____________ is a five-step method of speech organization that follows the process of human thinking and leads the listener step by step to a desired action. A) Problem-solution order B) Problem-cause solution order C) Monroe's motivated sequence D) Comparative advantages order Feedback: Monroe's motivated sequence follows the process of human thinking and leads the listener step by step to the desired action. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
16 INCORRECT Which of the following is the third step in Monroe's motivated sequence? A) action B) satisfaction C) visualization D) need Feedback: Satisfaction is the third step in Monroe's motivated sequence. The five steps, in order, are attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
17 INCORRECT In the visualization step of Monroe's motivated sequence, the speaker A) visualizes the benefits of the speaker's solution to the problem. B) visualizes a specific course of action for the audience to take. C) visualizes herself or himself giving a successful speech. D) visualizes the existence of a serious problem that needs solving. Feedback: The visualization step of Monroe's motivated sequence shows the benefits of the speaker's solution to the problem identified in the need step. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy.
18 INCORRECT Monroe's motivated sequence is most useful for speeches that seek immediate action. A) True B) False Feedback: Monroe's motivated sequence is most useful for persuasive speeches that seek immediate action. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
19 INCORRECT When using Monroe's motivated sequence to organize a persuasive speech on a question of policy, the action step should be placed in the A) introduction. B) second main point of the body. C) practicality section. D) conclusion. Feedback: The action step in Monroe's motivated sequence should appear in the conclusion of the speech. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
20 INCORRECT What method of organization is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points
I. The problem of eating disorders affects more than four million Americans. II. II. The causes of eating disorders include peer pressure, fad diets, and the media's glamorization of thinness. III. An effective solution to eating disorders must address all three of these causes. A) topical B) problem-cause-solution C) comparative advantages D) problem-solution Feedback: These main points are organized in problem-cause-solution order, in which the first main point documents the existence of a problem, the second shows the causes of that problem, and the third presents a solution to the problem. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
21 CORRECT Regardless of whether your aim is to encourage passive agreement or immediate action, you must deal with three basic issues whenever you discuss a question of policy. What are they? A) fact, attitude, and opinion B) problem, value, and solution C) cause, effect, and prediction D) need, plan, and practicality Feedback: Need, plan, and practicality are the three issues you must deal with in any persuasive speech on a question of policy.
22 CORRECT Which of the following statements is most clearly directed at the need issue in a persuasive speech on a question of policy? A) One part of the solution is to have our state require training for all employees of tanning salons. B) Tanning beds can cause serious medical problems, including eye burns, blood vessel injuries, and skin cancer. C) Because this solution has worked in other states where it has been adopted, we can be confident that it will work here. D) Another part of the solution is to require licensing for all employees at tanning salons. Feedback: This statement is most clearly directed at the need issue because it identifies a serious problem that needs solving. 23 CORRECT Which of the following statements is most clearly directed at the practicality issue in a persuasive speech on a question of policy? A) One part of the solution is to have our state require training for all employees of tanning salons. B) Tanning beds can cause serious medical problems, including eye burns, blood vessel injuries, and skin cancer. C) Because this solution has worked in other states where it has been adopted, we can be confident that it will work here. D) Another part of the solution is to require licensing for all employees at tanning salons. Feedback: This statement is most clearly directed at the practicality issue because it shows that the speaker's plan will in fact solve the problems caused by tanning beds.
24 NOT GRADED What does the textbook mean when it says that a persuasive speech is a kind of mental dialogue between the speaker and the audience? Why is it important for you to keep this mental dialogue in mind when you prepare a persuasive speech?
Feedback:
Listeners do not passively soak in everything a speaker says. Rather, they engage in a mental give-and-take with the speaker. They actively assess the speaker's credibility, delivery, supporting materials, language, reasoning, and emotional appeals. They argue with the speaker inside their heads. As a speaker, you need to anticipate the possible objections listeners might raise to your point of view. After anticipating possible objections, you must answer them in your speech. You cannot persuade skeptical listeners unless you deal directly with the reasons for their skepticism.
25 NOT GRADED Why is persuasive speaking more complex than speaking to inform? Your Answer: ddd Feedback: Persuasive speaking is more complex than speaking to inform because a persuasive speech must address the audience's attitudes, values, and beliefs. Audience analysis and adaptation are much more demanding in persuasive speeches--especially those that deal with controversial topics. It is much easier, for example, to inform an audience about the history of the income tax than to convince it that the U.S. ought to adopt a flat tax in place of a progressiv
prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience. | | | | | A) | Adrenaline | | | | | | B) | Visualization | | | | | | C) | Stage fright | | | | Feedback: Stage fright is anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience. Review "Developing Confidence: Your Speech Class." | | | | 4 | CORRECT | | It is normal--even desirable--to be nervous at the start of a speech. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: It is perfectly normal--even desirable--to be nervous at the start of a speech. | | | | 5 | UNANSWERED | | _____________ is controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation. | | | | | A) | Restrained anxiety | | | | | | B) | Positive nervousness | | | | | | C) | Performance anxiety | | | | | | D) | Focused nervousness | | | | | 6 | INCORRECT | | Listeners usually realize how tense a speaker is. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Listeners usually don't realize how tense a speaker is. Review "Dealing with Nervousness." | | | | 7 | CORRECT | | Public speaking and ordinary conversation are similar in that both involve adapting to listener feedback. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Both public speaking and ordinary conversation involve adapting to listener feedback. | | | | 8 | INCORRECT | | Critical thinking includes | | | | | A) | seeing the relationships among ideas. | | | | | | B) | judging the credibility of statements. | | | | | | C) | assessing the soundness of evidence. | | | | | | D) | all of the above. | | | | Feedback: Seeing the relationships among ideas, judging the credibility of statements, and assessing the soundness of evidence are all part of critical thinking. Review "Public Speaking and Critical Thinking." | | | | 9 | INCORRECT | | The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker are called ____________. | | | | | A) | cues | | | | | | B) | feedback | | | | | | C) | prompts | | | | Feedback: The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker are called feedback. Review "The Speech Communication Process." | | | | 10 | CORRECT | | The knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message make up the listener's | | | | | A) | frame of reference. | | | | | | B) | cognitive screen. | | | | | | C) | psychological filter. | | | | | | D) | attitudinal field. | | | | Feedback: The knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message make up the listener's frame of reference. | | | | 11 | INCORRECT | | Most successful speakers do not experience stage fright. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Surveys show that 76 percent of experienced speakers are nervous before taking the floor. Review "Nervousness is Normal." | | | | 12 | INCORRECT | | ____________ is mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation. | | | | | A) | Focusing | | | | | | B) | Visualization | | | | | | C) | Representation | | | | | | D) | Channeling | | | | Feedback: Mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation is referred to as visualization.
Review "Dealing with Nervousness." | | | | 13 | CORRECT | | Because each person has a different frame of reference, the meaning of a message will never be exactly the same to a listener as to a speaker. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Because each person has a different frame of reference, a message will never have exactly the same meaning to a listener as to a speaker. | | | | 14 | CORRECT | | According to your textbook, ____________ is anything that impedes the communication of a message. | | | | | A) | interference | | | | | | B) | blockage | | | | | | C) | distortion | | | | Feedback: Any factor that impedes the communication of a message is known as interference. | | | | 15 | CORRECT | | ____________ is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures. | | | | | A) | Ethnocentrism …show more content…
| | | | | | B) | Egocentrism | | | | | | C) | Elitism | | | | Feedback: Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures. | | | | 16 | INCORRECT | | Which of the following is likely to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches? | | | | | A) | Visualize yourself giving a strong speech. | | | | | | B) | Focus on communicating rather than on being nervous. | | | | | | C) | Be thoroughly prepared for each speech. | | | | | | D) | All of the above. | | | | Feedback: Visualizing yourself giving a strong speech, concentrating on communicating, and being thoroughly prepared will all help reduce your nervousness. Review "Dealing with Nervousness." | | | | 17 | UNANSWERED | | Avoiding ethnocentrism means that public speakers should | | | | | A) | show respect for the cultures of the people they address. | | | | | | B) | assume that their personal values are shared by all the audience. | | | | | | C) | agree with the beliefs of all groups and cultures. | | | | | | D) | all the above. | | | | | 18 | CORRECT | | Speechmaking becomes more complex as cultural diversity increases. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Speechmaking becomes more complex as cultural diversity increases. | | | | 19 | INCORRECT | | While listening to a speech about gun control, Scott thought back to his experiences as an intern with the police department and decided that the speaker was knowledgeable about the subject. Scott was | | | | | A) | missing the message due to the error of ethnocentrism. | | | | | | B) | sending feedback about the message to the speaker. | | | | | | C) | filtering the message through his frame of reference. | | | | | | D) | empowering the speaker to make a change in the world. | | | | Feedback: Scott was filtering the message through his frame of reference. Review "The Speech Communication Process." | | | | 20 | CORRECT | | Avoiding ethnocentrism is important for listeners as well as for speakers. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Listeners need to avoid ethnocentrism so they can focus on the speaker's message rather than appearance or accent. | | | | 21 | INCORRECT | | Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches? | | | | | A) | Be prepared to fail in your first few speeches. | | | | | | B) | Tell the audience how nervous you get when speaking. | | | | | | C) | Work especially hard on your speech introduction. | | | | | | D) | All of the above | | | | Feedback: Working especially hard on your introduction is an excellent way to combat nervousness. Review "Dealing with Nervousness." | | | | 22 | NOT GRADED | | List the seven elements of the speech communication process discussed in your textbook. | | | Your Answer: a s d f g h j | | | Feedback: The seven elements of the speech communication process are: * speaker * message * channel * listener * feedback * interference * situation Review "The Speech Communication Process." | | | | | 23 | NOT GRADED | | What are the four major similarities between conversation and public speaking discussed in your textbook? | | | Your Answer: a s d d | | | Feedback: Conversation and public speaking both involve: * organizing your thoughts logically. * tailoring your message to your audience. * telling a story for maximum impact. * adapting to listener feedback. Review "Similarities Between Public Speaking and Conversation." | | | | | 24 | NOT GRADED | | What are the three primary differences between conversation and public speaking? | | | Your Answer: c, m, m | | | Feedback: The three primary differences between conversation and public speaking are: * Public speaking is more highly structured. * Public speaking requires more formal language. * Public speaking requires a different method of delivery. |
CH2
| | Because speechmaking is a form of power, it carries with it heavy ____________ responsibilities. | | | | | A) | ethical | | | | | | B) | psychological | | | | | | C) | sociological | | | | Feedback: Because speech making is a form of power, it carries with it heavy ethical burdens. Review the chapter introduction. | | | | 2 | CORRECT | | ____________ is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs. | | | | | A) | Linguistics | | | | | | B) | Ethics | | | | | | C) | Theology | | | | Feedback: Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs. | | | | 3 | INCORRECT | | In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against | | | | | A) | a set of ethical standards or guidelines. | | | | | | B) | the practicality of taking that course of action. | | | | | | C) | a set of legal criteria for acceptable speech. | | | | | | D) | the speaker's goals in a given situation. | | | | Feedback: Sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines. Review "The Importance of Ethics." | | | | 4 | INCORRECT | | Even though there can be gray areas when it comes to assessing a speaker's goals, it is still necessary to ask ethical questions about those goals. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Although there can be gray areas when it comes to assessing a speaker's goals, this is not a reason to avoid asking ethical questions about them. Review "Make Sure Your Goals are Ethically Sound." | | | | 5 | UNANSWERED | | Because listeners recognize that public speakers are promoting their self-interest, it is acceptable for speakers to alter evidence. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | | 6 | INCORRECT | | Which of the following violates the speaker's ethical obligation to be honest in what she or he says? | | | | | A) | juggling statistics | | | | | | B) | quoting out of context | | | | | | C) | citing unusual cases as typical examples | | | | | | D) | all of the above | | | | Feedback: Juggling statistics, quoting out of context, and citing unusual cases as typical examples all violate the speaker's ethical obligation to be honest in what she or he says. Review "Be Honest in What You Say." | | | | 7 | CORRECT | | The larger the audience becomes, the greater is the ethical responsibility of the speaker to be fully prepared. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Neither the size nor the composition of an audience changes the speaker's ethical responsibility to be fully prepared. | | | | 8 | INCORRECT | | ____________ is the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups. | | | | | A) | Name-calling | | | | | | B) | Ethnocentrism | | | | | | C) | Hyperbole | | | | Feedback: Name-calling is the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups. Review "Avoid Name-Calling and Other Forms of Abusive Language." | | | | 9 | CORRECT | | If you present another person's language or ideas as your own, you are guilty of ____________. | | | | | A) | defamation | | | | | | B) | personification | | | | | | C) | plagiarism | | | | Feedback: If you present another person's language or ideas as your own, you are guilty of plagiarism. | | | | 10 | INCORRECT | | According to your textbook, stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own is called | | | | | A) | global plagiarism. | | | | | | B) | patchwork plagiarism. | | | | | | C) | incremental plagiarism. | | | | | | D) | admissible plagiarism. | | | | Feedback: Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own is called patchwork plagiarism. Review "Patchwork Plagiarism." | | | | 11 | INCORRECT | | Gabrielle, a physiology major, waited until the last minute to begin preparing her persuasive speech. When her friend Ken learned that she was panicking over the assignment, he gave her the outline of a speech he had delivered in class the previous semester. Gabrielle used the speech and presented it as her own. | | | | | A) | Gabrielle is guilty of no ethical offense because Ken willingly gave her his speech. | | | | | | B) | Gabrielle is guilty of patchwork plagiarism because she took her speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own. | | | | | | C) | Gabrielle is guilty of global plagiarism because she took a speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own. | | | | | | D) | Gabrielle is guilty of incremental plagiarism because she took ideas or language from two or three sources and passed them off as her own. | | | | Feedback: Gabrielle is guilty of global plagiarism because she took a speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own. Review "Global Plagiarism." | | | | 12 | INCORRECT | | When a speaker _____________, she restates or summarizes an author's ideas in her own words. | | | | | A) | illustrates | | | | | | B) | rationalizes | | | | | | C) | paraphrases | | | | Feedback: When a speaker paraphrases, she restates or summarizes an author's ideas in her own words. Review "Incremental Plagiarism." | | | | 13 | CORRECT | | It is only necessary for a speaker to identify his or her source when quoting verbatim rather than when paraphrasing. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: Even when you paraphrase, you still need to give the author credit just as if you were quoting verbatim. | | | | 14 | CORRECT | | Even if your speech as a whole is ethical, you can still be guilty of ____________ plagiarism if you fail to give credit for quotations, paraphrases, and other specific parts of the speech that are borrowed from other people. | | | | | A) | normal | | | | | | B) | incremental | | | | | | C) | technical | | | | Feedback: Incremental plagiarism occurs when a speaker fails to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people. | | | | 15 | INCORRECT | | Protecting a speaker's freedom to express his or her ideas implies agreement with those ideas. | | | | | A) | True | | | | | | B) | False | | | | Feedback: It is important to protect a person's freedom to express her or his ideas even if you don't agree with those ideas. Review "Maintain the Free and Open Expression of Ideas." | | | | 16 | NOT GRADED | | According to your textbook, what is the ethical reason to avoid racist, sexist, and other kinds of abusive language? | | | Your Answer: a | | | Feedback: Contrary to what some people claim, avoiding racist, sexist, and other kinds of abusive language is not simply a matter of "political correctness." Such language is ethically suspect because it devalues the people in question and stereotypes them in ways that assume the innate superiority of one group over the other. Review "Avoid Name-Calling and Other Forms of Abusive Language." | | | | | 17 | NOT GRADED | | When preparing his speech, Chad, a physiology major, checked out two books on the principles of neuromuscular therapy and paraphrased their ideas. Because he expressed the information in his own words, Chad decided not to cite his sources. Was he guilty of plagiarism? Explain. | | | Your Answer: a | | | Feedback: Chad was guilty of incremental plagiarism because he failed to give credit for particular parts of his speech that were borrowed from other people. Review "Incremental Plagiarism." | | | | | 18 | NOT GRADED | | What are the three ethical obligations of listeners discussed in your textbook? | | | Your Answer: a | | | Feedback: The ethical obligations of listeners discussed in your textbook are: * Listen courteously and attentively. * Avoid prejudging the speaker. * Maintain the free and open expression of ideas. Review "Guidelines for Ethical Speaking." | | | | | 19 | NOT GRADED | | State the five guidelines for ethical speaking discussed in your textbook. | | | Your Answer: a | | | Feedback: The guidelines for ethical speaking are: * Make sure your goals are ethically sound. * Be fully prepared for each speech. * Be honest in what you say. * Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language. * Put ethical principles into practice |
CH4
____________ is a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas A) Imaging B) Brainstorming C) Channeling Feedback: Generating ideas by free association of words and ideas is called brainstorming. Review "Brainstorming for Topics."
2 INCORRECT When your general purpose is to ____________, you act as a teacher or lecturer. A) inform B) persuade C) entertain Feedback: When your general purpose is to inform, you act as a teacher or lecturer. Review "Determining the General Purpose." 3 CORRECT When you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to ____________. A) inform B) persuade C) entertain Feedback: When you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to persuade.
4 INCORRECT The ____________ is a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in her or his speech. A) introductory statement B) general purpose statement C) specific purpose statement D) central idea Feedback: The specific purpose statement is a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in the speech.
Review "Determining the Specific Purpose."
5 INCORRECT The ____________ is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech. A) signpost B) central idea C) internal summary D) hypothesis Feedback: The central idea is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech. Review "Phrasing the Central Idea
6 INCORRECT The central idea of a speech is usually formulated before the specific purpose. A) True B) False Feedback: The central idea is usually formulated after the specific purpose. Review "What Is the Central Idea?"
7 INCORRECT "To persuade my audience that media violence is a major cause of violence in society" is an example of a(n) A) hypothesis. B) internal preview. C) specific purpose statement D) topic summary. Feedback: "To persuade my audience that media violence is a major cause of violence in society" is an example of a specific purpose statement. Review "Determining the Specific
Purpose."
8 INCORRECT Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "Why should the university raise tuition?" A) It's too specific. B) It's too technical. C) It's expressed as a question. D) All of the above. Feedback: The flaw in this specific purpose statement is that it is phrased as a question. Review "Tips for Formulating the Specific Purpose Statement."
9 CORRECT Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "To persuade my audience that Congress should ban handguns and increase spending for education." A) It's too political. B) It expresses the speaker's opinion C) It contains two unrelated ideas. D) All of the above. Feedback: The flaw in this specific purpose statement is that it contains two unrelated ideas, either of which could serve as the subject for a speech.
10 CORRECT Identify the flaw in the following central idea for a speech: "Something should be done about global warming." A) It's too vague. B) It's too persuasive. C) It's too impersonal. D) It's too trivial. Feedback: This central idea is too vague because it does not identify what should be done about global warming.
11 INCORRECT Although the specific purpose statement for a speech should not be phrased as a question, it is acceptable to phrase the central idea as a question. A) True B) False Feedback: Neither the specific purpose statement nor the central idea should be phrased as a question. Review "Phrasing the Central Idea."
12 INCORRECT The ____________ is what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech. A) residual message B) concluding statement C) general purpose D) attention statement Feedback: The residual message is what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech. Review "What Is the Central Idea
13 INCORRECT What is the central idea of a speech with the following main points:
I. Isabel Baumfree was born into slavery in the state of New York during the 1790s. II. After undergoing a conversion experience and changing her name to Sojourner Truth, she began preaching during the 1840s.
III. Over the next few decades, she became a celebrated speaker for various reform causes. A) The life of Sojourner Truth. B) Sojourner Truth: From Slavery to Freedom C) To inform my audience about the life of Sojourner Truth. D) Sojourner Truth was born into slavery, underwent a conversion experience, and became a speaker for various reform causes. Feedback: The central idea should encapsulate or sum up the main points of a speech. Review "What Is the Central Idea?"
14 CORRECT The central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence. A) True B) False Feedback: The central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence.
15 NOT GRADED Rewrite the following statement to conform to the criteria in your textbook for effective specific purpose statements.
Do you know the meaning behind the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur? Feedback: Specific purpose statements should be phrased as full infinitive phrases, not as questions. A more effective specific purpose statement would be: To inform my audience of the meaning behind the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur.
16 NOT GRADED What are the four methods of brainstorming for a speech topic discussed in your textbook? Feedback: The four methods of brainstorming for a speech topic are: personal inventory clustering reference search
Internet search
Review "Brainstorming for Topics."
17 NOT GRADED What are five questions you should ask about your specific purpose statement when you are preparing a speech? Feedback: Five questions you should ask about your specific purpose statement are:
Does my purpose statement meet the assignment?
Can I accomplish my purpose in the time allotted?
Is the purpose relevant to my audience?
Is the purpose too trivial for my audience?
Is the purpose too technical for my audience
18 NOT GRADED Supply the general purpose, specific purpose, and central idea for a speech with the following main points:
I. The first step in buying a house is seeing a loan officer.
II. The second step in buying a house is deciding what features you want. III. The third step in buying a house is looking at houses that are for sale
IV. The fourth step in buying a house is making an offer. Feedback: General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the four major steps in buying a house. Central Idea: The four major steps in buying a house are seeing a loan officer, deciding what features you want, looking at houses, and making an offer."
19 NOT GRADED Supply the general purpose, specific purpose, and main points for a speech with the following central idea:
The Chinese meal known as dim sum features three kinds of food: steamed, deep-fried, and baked. Your Answer: a Feedback: General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the three major kinds of food served at dim sum. Main Points: I. One type of food served at dim sum is steamed. II. A second type of food served at dim sum is deep-fried. III. A third type of food served at dim sum is baked. Ch15 Which of the following is an instance of persuasive speaking? A) a family therapist illustrating parenting skills B) a professor explaining the elements of an atom C) a lawyer arguing for the acquittal of her client D) an executive assistant clarifying copyright laws Feedback: The correct answer is "a lawyer arguing for the acquittal of her client." This is an instance of persuasive speaking because the speaker is seeking agreement from the audience on a contested issue. Review the chapter introduction.
2 INCORRECT Because persuasion aims to change the beliefs or actions of listeners, speaking to persuade is one of the few cases in which a speaker does not need to consider her or his ethical obligations A) True B) False Feedback: Speakers need to honor their ethical obligations regardless of the kind of speech they are giving. A persuasive speech should be both convincing and ethically sound.
3 INCORRECT The ____________ audience is the portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade. A) ideal B) preferred C) target Feedback: The target audience is the portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade. Review "The Target Audience."
4 CORRECT Concentrating on the target audience means that a persuasive speaker can ignore the rest of the audience. A) True B) False Feedback: Even though a persuasive speaker should concentrate on the target audience, she or he needs to keep in mind the ideas and feelings of the entire audience
5 INCORRECT "To persuade my audience that eating yogurt prolongs human life" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of ____________. A) fact B) research C) value Feedback: Because it deals with the truth or falsity of an assertion, this is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of fact. Review "What Are Questions of Fact?"
6 INCORRECT A persuasive speech on a question of fact is essentially the same as an informative speech. A) True B) False Feedback: The aim of an informative speech is to present the facts in an impartial manner. A persuasive speech on a question of fact presents one view of the facts as convincingly as possible. Review "Analyzing Questions of Fact."
7 CORRECT "To persuade my audience that discrimination on the basis of marital status is unfair" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of ___________. A) fact B) value C) policy Feedback: This is an example of a question of value, which deals with the fairness, morality, or ethics of an idea or action.
8 INCORRECT Persuasive speeches on questions of value are usually organized in A) topical order. B) comparative advantages order. C) Monroe's motivated sequence. D) spatial order. Feedback: Persuasive speeches on questions of value are usually organized in topical order. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Value."
9 CORRECT Whenever you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to A) inspire your audience to follow your call for action B) justify your value judgment against a set of standards or criteria C) provide evidence to prove the cause of a serious social problem. D) all of the above. Feedback: When you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to justify your value judgment against a set of standards or criteria.
10 INCORRECT A question of ____________ deals with whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken. A) expedience B) policy C) conscience Feedback: A question of policy deals with whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken. Review "What Are Questions of Policy?"
11 CORRECT "To persuade my audience that Congress should revise the laws governing medical malpractice" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of policy. A) True B) False Feedback: Because it recommends taking a particular course of action, this specific purpose statement deals with a question of policy.
12 INCORRECT In a persuasive speech to gain ____________, the speaker's goal is to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of that policy. A) delayed consent B) passive agreement C) incremental approval D) deferred action Feedback: A speech to gain passive agreement seeks to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of that policy. Review "Types of Speeches on Questions of Policy."
13 INCORRECT "To persuade my audience to become regular blood donors" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech seeking passive agreement. A) True B) False Feedback: This is a specific purpose statement for a speech seeking immediate action rather than passive agreement. Review "Types of Speeches on Questions of Policy."
14 CORRECT What method of organization is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points?
I. Fraudulent charity fund-raising has become a widespread problem.
II. The problem can be solved by a combination of government initiative and individual awareness. A) topical order B) comparative advantages order C) Monroe's motivated sequence D) problem-solution order Feedback: These main points are organized in problem-solution order, in which the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second main point presents a solution to the problem.
15 INCORRECT ____________ is a five-step method of speech organization that follows the process of human thinking and leads the listener step by step to a desired action. A) Problem-solution order B) Problem-cause solution order C) Monroe's motivated sequence D) Comparative advantages order Feedback: Monroe's motivated sequence follows the process of human thinking and leads the listener step by step to the desired action. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
16 INCORRECT Which of the following is the third step in Monroe's motivated sequence? A) action B) satisfaction C) visualization D) need Feedback: Satisfaction is the third step in Monroe's motivated sequence. The five steps, in order, are attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
17 INCORRECT In the visualization step of Monroe's motivated sequence, the speaker A) visualizes the benefits of the speaker's solution to the problem. B) visualizes a specific course of action for the audience to take. C) visualizes herself or himself giving a successful speech. D) visualizes the existence of a serious problem that needs solving. Feedback: The visualization step of Monroe's motivated sequence shows the benefits of the speaker's solution to the problem identified in the need step. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy.
18 INCORRECT Monroe's motivated sequence is most useful for speeches that seek immediate action. A) True B) False Feedback: Monroe's motivated sequence is most useful for persuasive speeches that seek immediate action. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
19 INCORRECT When using Monroe's motivated sequence to organize a persuasive speech on a question of policy, the action step should be placed in the A) introduction. B) second main point of the body. C) practicality section. D) conclusion. Feedback: The action step in Monroe's motivated sequence should appear in the conclusion of the speech. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
20 INCORRECT What method of organization is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points
I. The problem of eating disorders affects more than four million Americans. II. II. The causes of eating disorders include peer pressure, fad diets, and the media's glamorization of thinness. III. An effective solution to eating disorders must address all three of these causes. A) topical B) problem-cause-solution C) comparative advantages D) problem-solution Feedback: These main points are organized in problem-cause-solution order, in which the first main point documents the existence of a problem, the second shows the causes of that problem, and the third presents a solution to the problem. Review "Organizing Speeches on Questions of Policy."
21 CORRECT Regardless of whether your aim is to encourage passive agreement or immediate action, you must deal with three basic issues whenever you discuss a question of policy. What are they? A) fact, attitude, and opinion B) problem, value, and solution C) cause, effect, and prediction D) need, plan, and practicality Feedback: Need, plan, and practicality are the three issues you must deal with in any persuasive speech on a question of policy.
22 CORRECT Which of the following statements is most clearly directed at the need issue in a persuasive speech on a question of policy? A) One part of the solution is to have our state require training for all employees of tanning salons. B) Tanning beds can cause serious medical problems, including eye burns, blood vessel injuries, and skin cancer. C) Because this solution has worked in other states where it has been adopted, we can be confident that it will work here. D) Another part of the solution is to require licensing for all employees at tanning salons. Feedback: This statement is most clearly directed at the need issue because it identifies a serious problem that needs solving. 23 CORRECT Which of the following statements is most clearly directed at the practicality issue in a persuasive speech on a question of policy? A) One part of the solution is to have our state require training for all employees of tanning salons. B) Tanning beds can cause serious medical problems, including eye burns, blood vessel injuries, and skin cancer. C) Because this solution has worked in other states where it has been adopted, we can be confident that it will work here. D) Another part of the solution is to require licensing for all employees at tanning salons. Feedback: This statement is most clearly directed at the practicality issue because it shows that the speaker's plan will in fact solve the problems caused by tanning beds.
24 NOT GRADED What does the textbook mean when it says that a persuasive speech is a kind of mental dialogue between the speaker and the audience? Why is it important for you to keep this mental dialogue in mind when you prepare a persuasive speech?
Feedback:
Listeners do not passively soak in everything a speaker says. Rather, they engage in a mental give-and-take with the speaker. They actively assess the speaker's credibility, delivery, supporting materials, language, reasoning, and emotional appeals. They argue with the speaker inside their heads. As a speaker, you need to anticipate the possible objections listeners might raise to your point of view. After anticipating possible objections, you must answer them in your speech. You cannot persuade skeptical listeners unless you deal directly with the reasons for their skepticism.
25 NOT GRADED Why is persuasive speaking more complex than speaking to inform? Your Answer: ddd Feedback: Persuasive speaking is more complex than speaking to inform because a persuasive speech must address the audience's attitudes, values, and beliefs. Audience analysis and adaptation are much more demanding in persuasive speeches--especially those that deal with controversial topics. It is much easier, for example, to inform an audience about the history of the income tax than to convince it that the U.S. ought to adopt a flat tax in place of a progressiv