Readings and Key Terms
Ch. 6 of Statistics for Business and Economics
Ch. 7 of Statistics for Business and Economics
Ch. 10 of Business Research Methods
Ch. 11 of Business Research Methods
Ch. 12 of Business Research Methods
Content Overview
Determine appropriate measurement scales for a given research design.
Mapping rules (four assumptions)
Numbers are used to classify, group, or sort responses. No order exists.
Numbers are ordered. One number is greater than, less than, or equal to another number.
Differences between numbers are ordered. The difference between any pair of numbers is greater than, less than, or equal to the difference between any other pair of numbers.
The number series has a unique origin indicates by the number zero. This is an absolute and meaningful zero point.
Types of measurement scales
Nominal scales
Ordinal scales
Interval scales
Ratio scales
Sources of measurement differences
Error sources
The respondent
Situational factors
The measurer
The instrument
The characteristics of good measurement
Validity is the extent to which a test measures what we actually wish to measure.
Content validity
Criterion-related validity
Construct validity
Reliability has to do with the accuracy and precision of a measurement procedure.
Stability
Equivalence
Internal consistency
Practicality is concerned with a wide range of factors of economy, convenience, and interpretability.
Economy
Convenience
Interpretability
Selecting a measurement scale
Research objectives
Response types
Data properties
Number of dimensions
Balanced or unbalanced
Forced or unforced choices
Number of scale points
Rater errors
Rating scales
Simple attitude scales (simple category scale/dichotomous)
Multiple-choice, single-response scale
Multiple-choice, multiple-response scale
Likert scale summated rating
Semantic differential scale