Preview

Reflective Paper 8: Applying Classical Conditioning

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
436 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Reflective Paper 8: Applying Classical Conditioning
APPLYING CLASSICAL CONDITIONING 2
Reflective Paper #8: Applying Classical Conditioning
According to the National Institute of Mental Health in 2012, 30.5 % of people had arachnophobia– the fear of spiders ("Fear/Phobia Statistic," 2012). This fear was ranked third out of the top ten most common fears. Some people believe that this fear is learned by means of classical conditioning. If arachnophobia can be classically conditioned then there would need to be an unconditioned stimulus (UCS), an unconditioned response (UCR), a neutral stimulus (NS), a neutral response (NR), a conditioned stimulus (CS), and a conditioned response (CR). The unconditioned stimulus would be the feeling …show more content…
Stimulation discrimination may help prevent the subject from associating spiders with being tickled if the subject can differentiate between the feeling of being tickled and the feeling of a spider crawling on them.

APPLYING CLASSICAL CONDITIONING 3
Similarly, a pet can be trained using classical conditioning. For example, to train a dog to shake a paw the unconditioned stimulus is a dog treat and the unconditioned response would be eating the treat. The neutral stimulus would be grabbing the dog’s paw and saying “shake a paw” and the neutral response from the dog would be confusion. After repeating the neutral stimulus to get the dog into the habit of moving it’s paw, the conditioned stimulus would be saying “shake a paw” while bribing the dog with a treat and hopefully the conditioned response would be the dog giving the owner its paw. Stimulus generalization may occur after the dog has been trained a number of tricks and showing the dog a treat may cause it to perform a different trick, therefore saying “shake a paw” while showing the treat will cause stimulus discrimination by specifying which trick you would like the dog to
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Outline And Evaluate The Behavioural Model Of Psychopathology
    • 663 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Outline And Evaluate The Behavioural Model Of Psychopathology

    One limitation to classical conditioning is that some people cannot explain how they had gained a phobia from. A psychologist has tried to offer an explanation of why this happens, he suggested that some phobias are down to adaptive and not maladaptive behaviours. For example, some of us have phobias of snakes and spiders to try and stay away from poisons and disease.…

    • 663 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Ap Psych Chapter 6
    • 774 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Ap Psych Chapter 6

    - Habituation: form of adaptive learning in which an organism stops paying attention to an unchanging, often repeated stimuli…

    • 774 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Unit 8 Health and social care
    • 400 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Unit 8 Health and social care

    According to Crittenden, behavior is learnt through seeing what someone else does. This can be explained further through the experiment of classical conditioning. Classical Conditioning was developed by Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov used the experiment of dogs and food so as to measure the levels of salivation that a dog produced when food had been associated with the assistant. He developed this experiment when he noticed that the dog was starting to salivate at the sight of the bowl of the food and not the taste. He decided to experiment further and he introduced a bell which was the neutral stimulus, it had no effect at the start but when he rang the bell when he brought the food to the dogs they started to associate the food (which made them salivate) with the bell. Now that classical conditioning had taken place the dogs would salivate at the sound of the bell which was now the conditioned stimulus.…

    • 400 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Binge Drinking and How It Applies to the Ottawa Charter
    • 888 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Binge Drinking and How It Applies to the Ottawa Charter

    Classical conditioning is a form of basic learning the body automatically responds to a stimulus. One stimulus takes on the properties of another. The Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) is credited for discovering the basic principles of classical conditioning whilst he was studying digestion in dogs. He developed a technique for collecting dog’s salivary secretions. Pavlov (cited in Eysneck M.W 2009) noticed that the dogs would often start salivating before they were given any food or saw the feeding bucket or even when they heard the footstep of the laboratory assistant coming to feed them. Quite by accident Pavlov had discovered that the environmental control of behaviour can be changed as a result of two stimuli becoming associated with each other. These observations led to what’s now called classical conditioning.…

    • 888 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Outline and Evaluate the Behavioural Approach to Psychopathology Essay Example
    • 525 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Outline and Evaluate the Behavioural Approach to Psychopathology Essay Example

    Abnormal behaviour is no different from normal behaviour in terms of how it is learned. The approach suggests that abnormal behaviours are learned through conditioning or social learning as well behaviour is determined by external events. The principles of learning theory can be used to explain many disorders for which the major characteristics are behavioural. An example of this is arachnophobia which involves avoidance, an external symptom and feelings of anxiety when in the presence of a spider, an internal symptom.…

    • 525 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    psychological persperctive in health and social care p1
    • 3828 Words
    • 12 Pages

    psychological persperctive in health and social care p1

    Classical conditioning was a theory developed by a Russian psychologist called Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936). He was working with dogs to investigate their digestive systems. The dogs were attached to a harness and Pavlov attached monitors to their stomachs and mouths so he could measure the rate of salivation. He noticed that the dog began to salivate when someone entered the room with a bowl of food, but before the dog had eaten the food. Since salivation is a reflex response, this seemed unusual. Pavlov decided that the dog was salivating because it had learned to associate the person with food. He then developed a theory. Food automatically led to the salivation response, since this response had not been learned, he called this an unconditioned response, which is a response that regularly occurs when an unconditioned stimulus is presented. As food automatically leads to this response, he called this unconditioned stimulus, which is a stimulus that regularly and consistently leads to an automatic response. Pavlov then presented food at the same time as ringing a bell (neutral stimulus), to see if the dog would learn to associate the bell with food. After several trials, the dog learned that the bell was associated with food and eventually it began to salivate only when the bell was rung and no food was presented. It therefore has learned the…

    • 3828 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Simple Stimulus Learning Paper
    • 2046 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Simple Stimulus Learning Paper

    Learning initiates a multitude of definitions from basic to intricate but regardless of the variations it is simply the acquisition of knowledge. As such learning occurs in connection with the many experiences an individual encounters throughout his or her lifespan. Experiences include exposure and interactions to various stimuli, such as a loud noise or an approaching animal. Thus a stimulus can be an object, an action, or an individual perceived as starting a response. In turn a response to a stimuli triggers the acquisition of knowledge about the world around the individual causing him or her to perceive positive and negative experiences and learn from each stimuli encounter. Therefore, the majority of human as well as animal behavior is learned from such responses to various stimuli and is defined as simple stimulus learning. As such the following evaluation explains simple stimulus learning in the form of habituation as well as identifying the factors affecting perceptual learning, the effects of stimulus exposure, and the application to real life situations.…

    • 2046 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    pys/300
    • 914 Words
    • 4 Pages

    pys/300

    Classical conditioning is when learning proceeds to take place when an original stimulus manifest to a conditioned response due to the association with an unconditioned stimulus (APA.com). I took my puppy to the vet for the first time for his first dose of vaccinations. The vet came in with a needle and my puppy whined when the vet gave him the vaccination. The second time we went for his second dose of vaccinations, the puppy saw the vet come in with the needle and my puppy became scared and hid behind me. When my puppy saw the needle, he remembered that it hurt the last time, this in turn caused fear and triggered a fear for needles.…

    • 914 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Classical Conditioning Analysis
    • 398 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Classical Conditioning Analysis

    Classical conditioning is defined as ‘’ a learning process by which a subject comes to respond in a specific way to a previously neutral stimulus after the subject repeatedly encounters the neutral that already elicits the response’’ (Freedictonary.com, 2013). Classical conditioning involves forming a link between two stimuli having a learned response as a result. There are three stages in which this happens Stage one: Before conditioning, Stage two: During conditioning and Stage three: After conditioning. Stage one includes a repetitive stimulus, which will automatically get a response. This is called a naturally occurring stimulus (NS) For example, salivating to the smell of food is a naturally occurring stimulus. Stage two the process of…

    • 398 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Phobias and Addictions Through Conditioning
    • 1137 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Phobias and Addictions Through Conditioning

    The operant and classical conditioning are two types of behavioral conditioning. Conditioning is actually a type of learning. First, one must distinguish between the two types to gain essential understanding when discussing how they can be used. Classical conditioning, as described by Ivan Pavlov, is where an unnatural stimulus can cause a natural reaction or reflex. His study introduced a bell when food was presented to a dog to produce the saliva reflex [ (Kowalski, 2009) ]. Later he used the bell without presenting the food and still received the salivation reflex [ (Kowalski, 2009) ]. The dog had learned to associate the sound of the bell with meal time. In essence, classical conditioning or learning is learning based on an outside stimulus. Operant conditioning, as described by Edward Thorndike, is where a spontaneous event leads to a desired result. Thorndike put a hungry cat in a latched box with food in its sight [ (Kowalski, 2009) ]. As the cat moved around the cage, it spontaneously tripped the latch to release the lock to release it, and then it could eat [ (Kowalski, 2009) ]. When placed in the same situation later on the cat could repeat the result faster than before [ (Kowalski, 2009) ]. The cat had learned that it could do…

    • 1137 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Classical Conditioning Theory
    • 1000 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Classical Conditioning Theory

    Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which a potent stimulus obtains the ability to evoke an innate response that was originally elicited by a neutral stimulus. In classical conditioning, a UR is an event that occurs naturally in response to some stimuli. On the other hand, a UR is the stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without learning. A CS in classical conditioning is an originally neutral stimulus that, through learning, comes to be associated with some unlearned responses. Finally, a CR is the learned response to the originally neutral but now conditioned stimulus (CITE BOOK). These are the basic components involved in classical conditioning. Classical conditioning theory was first discovered and described…

    • 1000 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Learning: Classical Conditioning
    • 1138 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Learning: Classical Conditioning

    Learning is more than a person sitting at a desk and studying off a book. Everything that we do is a result of what we have learned. We respond to things that happen to us, we act and experience consequences from our behavior, and we observe what others say and do. Psychologists explain our many experiences with basic learning processes.…

    • 1138 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Classical Conditioning
    • 375 Words
    • 1 Page

    Classical Conditioning

    Classical conditioning is a method of conditioning in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned, neutral stimulus. I consider classical conditioning to be very important because it’s such an efficient way of teaching, training or conditioning people or animals, especially children. Classical conditioning could be used for psychological distress like phobias. For example, Mary cover jones put a child with a fear of rabbits in a room with the rabbit far way. Then she gave him his favorite food and put the rabbit closer. Associating the pleasure of food with the feared object made him no longer scared of rabbits. This applies to my life because my mom used this method when she raised me. I was scared of riding my bike because I fell off it once. So every time I attempted pedaling she would give me a dollar. Finally she put 5 dollars all way down the street and told me to bike there and get it; making me lose my phobia of bikes.…

    • 375 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Conditioning: Psychology
    • 1343 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Conditioning: Psychology

    The idea of classical condition is one of the most notable learning techniques because it involves a stimulus rewarded for a certain response. Naturally, animals and human have unconditioned stimulus that triggers an unconditioned response. The most common connection is the correlation between food and salivation. Food naturally draws organism to it in order to satisfy a drive created by hunger to acquire homeostasis. A response is created because of the organism’s reaction to food, which is usually salivation. Classical conditioning is considered an effective way to train an organism to learn habits not naturally associated with certain unconditioned stimulus. This creates a conditioned stimulus. The once unconditioned response is now conditioned to respond to the conditioned stimulus, which is called a conditioned stimulus. An example of conditioned stimulus and response is the example of associating the school bell with food. Children are hungry by nature, but when the school bell is added, the children are reinforced to associate the school bell with lunchtime. Classical…

    • 1343 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    John B Watson Research Paper
    • 1494 Words
    • 6 Pages

    John B Watson Research Paper

    Using an eight-month old little boy named Albert;Watson hit a steel rod and got a fearful reaction from Little Albert. Every time the rod was struck they would show him a white rat. After just seven times of striking the rod and showing him the rat, they were able to just show Albert the white rat and get a fearful response. Albert also showed a generalization of his conditioned response by reacting fearfully to other white furry items (Meyer, 2001). With the results of this experiment, Watson concluded that adult fears and phobias must be simple conditioned responses that we established when we were very young and they have stayed with us throughout our…

    • 1494 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More

Related Topics