Preview

A research paper on cocaine, and its effects on the user.

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1463 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
A research paper on cocaine, and its effects on the user.
Grown in the countries of South America, with Columbia being the most productive, the Erythroxylon Coca bush is the natural origin of cocaine, a central nervous stimulant. Its history is as rich and diverse as the people using and dealing the drug.

Cocaine use dates as far back as the 16th century when it was used among Inca royalty. In the early 1800's cocaine was introduced to Europe. Sigmond Freud wrote a song in its honor and famous author Robert Louis Stevenson wrote "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" during a six -day cocaine binge. In the early 1900's cocaine was available to consumers over the counter. Its medicinal value was a relief for toothaches and congestion. Parke Davis advised their consumers of the effects of cocaine by stating that it "could make the coward brave, the silent eloquent, and render the sufferer insensitive to pain".

The use of cocaine found its way into other products like wine and the most famous of all, Coca Cola. Early production of Coca Cola contained 60mg of cocaine. Today, the popular soft drink still uses the leaves of the Coco Bush for flavor but the illicit drug has been removed (www.cocaine.org).

The resurrection of cocaine use as a recreational drug began in the 1960's, and was used mostly among the affluent because of its price. Movie stars, sport stars and the like give cocaine its mystique and draw; psychological and physical effects make it addictive. Changes in form and price make cocaine far more accessible and affordable. Today, there is no clear connection between the use of cocaine and education, occupation or socioeconomic status.

Cocaine is generally sold as a hydrochloride salt, a fine white powder substance that is commonly referred to as "snow", "coke" or "blow". Street dealers of cocaine commonly dilute, or "cut" the drug with similar looking substances like talcum powder or with active local anesthetics and even sometimes with other stimulants like amphetamines. The purity of street cocaine,



Cited: Bailey, William J. Factline on Cocaine. 1995: Heller, Matthew. "Addicted to Love." Los Angeles Magazine. Sept. 1999. No Author Given. No Author Given.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Cocaine is used by health care professionals to temporarily numb the lining of the mouth, nose, and throat before certain medical procedures. It is an anesthetic that works quickly to numb the area about 1-2 minutes after application. Cocaine also causes blood vessels to narrow, an effect that can decrease bleeding and swelling from the procedure. (http://www.medicinenet.com/cocaine_hydrochloride-topical/article.htm)…

    • 659 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Cocaine is identified as (C17H21NO4). Cocaine is an addictive stimulant that affects key pleasure centers within the brain and causes heightened euphoria. The hydrochloride salt, which is a powdered form of cocaine, can be dissolved in water and injected or snorted. It is derived from the coca plant and is primarily found in Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia. Crack cocaine is the crystal form of cocaine. It comes in crystals or solid blocks varying in color from pale rose, yellow or white. Crack is the most potent form of cocaine and is also the riskiest. It is between 75% and 100% pure, far stronger than regular cocaine. Since cocaine has a high cost, crack is sold at very low prices. The common method of ingesting crack is smoking, where it makes…

    • 133 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Please read the article by Robert C. Bonner, “The New Cocaine Cowboys: How to Defeat…

    • 138 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    : ) : ) : ) Smiley Face

    • 642 Words
    • 3 Pages

    2. This paper did not significantly change its approach during the course of the study, but did suggest alterations to make in order to produce more accurate results. For example, the study occasionally switched to single blind administration of treatment instead of double blind. Also, the study used a larger error range (α=0.05 instead of 0.01), but stated that had it used a tighter error range, many of its results would have been insignificant. The study suggests varying its cocaine cues, more sessions to assess the effectiveness of the treatments (as opposed to the two in this study), and having more effective administration of cocaine cues (some subjects may have paid less attention at the second session).…

    • 642 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    At first they filled up suitcases with cocaine and snuck it in America by flying on planes. Then the drug cartels realized they could fill up airplanes and boats and drop the cocaine at the shore off the coast of Miami making smuggling cocaine appropriate in significant amounts. In Columbia were factories and labs with countless people working in order to grow the product. In order to communicate, American sellers and the Medellin Cartel had setup short band radio waves. This helped them set up trips for American sellers to meet up with Drug Cartels, fill up airplanes with cocaine and would take off and fly in the Florida through the west because police were looking to catch them smuggle through the east coast. Jon Roberts and Mickey Munday had set up a cover-up towing company in order to transport the Cocaine. The cocaine was stuffed in the trunk of a car that was getting towed so in-case the driver of the truck was pulled over and the trunk was searched he could say he had no idea what was in the trunk.…

    • 1071 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    One of the biggest inventions during the beginning of the realism time period was explosive dynamite (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia). A huge invention during this time period was the famous soft drink, Coca Cola. Referring to an article on the website livescience, it is posted that “Coca-Cola was first created in 1886 by Atlanta pharmacist John Pemberton” the article later goes on to explain “Until 1903, the world-famous soft drink contained a significant dose of cocaine” (Palermo). If cocaine was in soft drinks now, it would be insane. Yet, back then, cocaine was not declared illegal in the United States until 1914, which happens to be a few years after the time period of realism (Palermo).…

    • 864 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    4. How is cocaine ingested? The routes of administration are commonly used for cocaine in clued the following: snorting, injecting, and smoking. Snorting is a process of inhaling cocaine through the nose, where it is absorbed into the bloodstream through the nasal tissues. Injecting is the use of a needle to release the drug directly into the bloodstream. Smoking, involves inhaling cocaine vapor or smoke into the lings, where absorption into the bloodstream is a rapid as by…

    • 2553 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Crack Cocaine Disparities

    • 2623 Words
    • 11 Pages

    Coca is a leafed plant that grows in the eastern slopes of the Andes. Cocaine is the world's most powerful stimulant made naturally. This plant has been used be Indians for at least 5000 years. Traditionally, the leaves of the coca plant have been chewed for social, mystical, medicinal and religious purposes. Columbia is the lead producer of cocaine they supply eighty percent of the world's cocaine (Coca and cocaine).…

    • 2623 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Unjust punishments can occur because of sentencing disparities and wrongful convictions. Current prison populations show a higher population of African Americans and Hispanic men leading some to believe that a sentencing disparities caused by racial prejudices and discrimination are the causes. Sentencing disparities occur when offenders with similar criminal histories who have committed the same offense receive much different penalties. Data has shown that Hispanics and African Americans have received harsher punishments compared to whites for similar crimes. Wrongful convictions occur when an innocent person is found guilty by either plea or verdict. The development of DNA testing has increased the number of people convicted by juries and later exonerated by science. In 2004 congress passed the Justice for All Act which implemented funds for DNA testing on a backlog of over 300,000 rape kits and other crime-scene evidence. In 1986 the drug crack was a major story in the news. Feeding off the crack fear, Congress pass the Anti-Drug Abuse Act which made the possession of 5 grams or more of crack a mandatory 5 year prison sentence. The impact of this law led to a steep rise in the number of…

    • 431 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Although people have been using and abusing substances for as long as these substances have existed, the study of of addictions with the exception of alcoholism did not really emerge until the 1960's-1970's. Through out the last decade multiple changes to how addiction is viewed have occurred. Due to advances in the medical field and a better understanding of the chemistry of the brain addiction is now viewed as a disease instead of just a lack of morals. Because of the prevalence of wide spread usage of opiods, cocaine, and marijuana in the 60's and 70's more comprehensive research was deemed necessary to not only treat but effectively prevent drug addiction and alcoholism. It was also during this time frame that different classes of substances were created and we see a shift in how drug offenders were handled from the once harsher punishments to required treatment programs.…

    • 544 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    John Henry, toxicologist and professor at London's Imperial College of Medicine, who was not affiliated with the study, said it was possible that coca leaves - which contain a small amount of cocaine - "were smoked by people in Britain in the 17th century."…

    • 270 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Life of Cocaine

    • 411 Words
    • 2 Pages

    No, we should not count on drugs in dealing with osteoporosis because we will tend to forget the little things in the end which truly help us maintain strong and healthy bones, such as lifting weights and eating healthy. Many will use this as an excuse so that they may not have to…

    • 411 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The late 1990’s was a rough period of time for young African Americans. Many African Americans faced oppression that was not seen by their caucasian counterparts. Young African Americans were seen as the lower class of American society and did not receive the same benefits that the white youth had. Stereotyping and other forms of discrimination forced many young African Americans into lives of poverty. Overcoming adversity was a major part of young African Americans’ life. According to Watkins, 44 percent of all African Americans under the age of 18 lived in poverty at the end of the 1980’s, compared to 11 percent of white Americans(Watkins 56). The long term impoverishment of African americans led to the term of underclass being applied solely…

    • 588 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Crack cocaine and powder cocaine are used interchangeably in research, but there are extreme differences between the two. They differ from one another chemically, production, use, cost, and effect. They are so different that they carry different sentences depending on the offender. Cocaine is referred to as a stimulant because of the euphoric, energetic and mentally alert feelings it produces (Cocaine.org, 2016). Powder cocaine is much more expensive and it cannot be smoked like crack cocaine. Cocaine when snorted has the slowest effect which can take up to twenty minutes and the effect only lasting for an hour (Cocaine.org, 2016). Cocaine, if injected, can reach the nervous system within one minute and the effects lasting for thirty minutes.…

    • 159 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Cocaine is a white substance sold on the street. This is a drug that can cause serious health issues. Some people intake the drug through the noise sniffing it up through the nostrils. This can cause nose bleeds. A constant sniffing, deterioration of brain cells. Another way to intake the cocaine substance is liquid formula shooting it through the veins with a stencil. Besides the minor health issues that occur, u can also cause your heart to explode, have seizures, and go into traumatic shock. This is a substance that can kill you.…

    • 491 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays

Related Topics