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Research Report
An Analysis of Intercultural Negotiations between the East and West

Cohen South
N8884102
Jan Gruenhagen
1632 words

Executive Summary:
This report provides an analysis and evaluation of an intercultural negotiation between USA’s Brown Casual Shoes and China’s Chung Sun Manufacturing, provides a literature review of a prominent theory from the field and suggests recommendation to improve the process of intercultural communication between these two countries and companies.

As the Case Study was identified as subpar negotiation, all issues from the Case Study were allocated into Intercultural, Verbal and Nonverbal.

Following this, Hofstede’s Cultural Model was introduced in the literature review and critically analysed. This model included five dimensions:

1. Uncertainty Avoidance
2. Power Distance
3. Masculinity vs. Femininity
4. Individualism vs. Collectivism
5. Short Term vs. Long Term

Some strengths of the model included a large sample size, indexes for all nations and easily formulated hypotheses. Alternatively, some limitations were an alleged sample misrepresentation, not adequately analysing people on an individual level and a time lapse since dimension formulation.

Major issues from the negotiations were then further investigated and included:

Rushing the negotiations and failing to form an adequate relationship
Causing offence by giving a gift to the Chinese representative
Not respecting the hierarchy of the Chinse culture
Failing to hire an interpreter for the negotiations
Touching the Chinese associates inappropriately

Recommendations suggested preventing further intercultural issues and fixing current issues as noted above included:

Hiring an interpreter and cultural adviser
Translating all written materials into Chinese
Creating transparency within the negotiations process by asking for a joint strategy

1 Introduction
Intercultural



References: Ailon, G. (2008). Mirror, mirror on the wall: culture’s consequences in a value test of it’s own design. The Academy of Management Review, 33(4), 885-904. Communication Studies (2014). Proxemics. Retrieved from http://www.communicationstudies.com/communication-theories/proxemics Dawar, N., & Parker, P Engel, J., Blackwell, R., & Miniard, P. (1995). Consumer Behaviour. n.p.: The Dryden Press. Fang, T., & Faure, G. O. (2011). Chinese communication characteristics: A Yin Yang perspective. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(3), 320-333. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.06.005. Gao, G., Toomey, T. S., Gudykunst, W. B., & Bond, M. H. (1996). The Handbook of Chinese Psychology – Chinese communication processes. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Goodman, M. B. (2013). Intercultural Communication for Managers. New York, NY: Business expert press. Goodman, M. B., & Wang, J. (2007). Tradition and innovation: the china business communication study. The Journal of Business Strategy, 28(3), 34-41. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02756660710746256 Hall, E Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture’s consequences: international differences in work-related values. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations – software of the mind. New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill. Hofstede, G. (2001). Cultures Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviours, Institutions & Organizations Across Nations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Hofstede, G. (2014). China. Retrieved from http://geert-hofstede.com/china.html Hofstede, G Hofstede, G. (2014). United States. Retrieved from http://geert-hofstede.com/united-states.html Hoover, R., Green, R., & Saegert, J Kale, S., & Barnes, J. (1992). Understanding the domain of cross-national buyer-seller instructions. Journal of International Business Studies, 23(1), 101-109. Kwintessential. (2013). China – language, culture, customs and etiquette. Retrieved from http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/china-country-profile.html. Lewicki, R. J., Saunders, D. M., & Barry, B. (2011). Essentials of negotiation (5th ed). New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill. Luthans, F., & Doh, J. (2009). International Management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Rubin, J Sivakumar, K., & Nakata, C. (2001). The stampede toward Hofstede’s framework: avoiding the sample design pit in cross-cultural research. The Journal of International Business Studies, 32(3), 555-574. Smith, P., Dugan, S., & Trompenaars, F. (1996). National culture and the values of organizational employees – a dimensional analysis across 43 nations. The Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 27(2), 231-264. Soares, A. M., Farhangmehr, M., & Shoham, A. (2007). Hofstede’s dimensions of culture in international marketing studies. Journal of Business Research, 60(3), 227-284. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.10.018. Sondergaard, M. (1994). Research note: Hofstede’s consequences: a study of reviews, citations and replications. Journal of Organisational Studies, 15(3), 447-456. Steenkamp, J. (2001). The role of national culture in international marketing research. International Market Review, 18(1), 30-44. Trompenaars, F., & Hampden Turner, C. (1997). Riding the waves of culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business. New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill. University of Northern Iowa. (2011). Business Communication with China. Retrieved from http://business.uni.edu/buscomm/internationalbuscomm/world/asia/china/china.html Venaik, S., & Brewer, P World Business Culture. (2013). Chinese business communication style. Retrieved from http://www.worldbusinessculture.com/Chinese-Business-Communication-Style.html Zhang, H., & Toomey, S

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