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Education in Republic of Bharat | | Ministry of Human Resource Development (India) | Union Minister for Ministry of Human Resource Development | Kapil Sibal | National education budget (2010) | Budget: | Rs. 45267.40 million (2007) | General Details | Primary Languages: | Hindi, English, or State language | System Type: | National and States | Literacy (2001[1]) | Total: | 66% | Male: | 76.9% | Female: | 54.5% | Enrollment ((N/A)) | Total: | (N/A) | Primary: | (N/A) | Secondary: | (N/A) | Post Secondary: | (N/A) | Attainment | Secondary diploma | 15% | Post-secondary diploma | 12.4% | v • d • e |
Education in India has a history stretching back to the ancient urban centres of learning at Taxila and Nalanda. The Nalanda University was the oldest university-system of education in the world. Western education became ingrained into Indian society with the establishment of the British Raj. Education in India falls under the control of both the Union Government and the states, with some responsibilities lying with the Union and the states having autonomy for others. The various articles of the Indian Constitution provide for education as a fundamental right. Most universities in India are Union or State Government controlled.
India has made a huge progress in terms of increasing primary education attendance rate and expanding literacy to approximately two thirds of the population.[2] India 's improved education system is often cited as one of the main contributors to the economic rise of
References: * Blackwell, Fritz (2004), India: A Global Studies Handbook, United States of America: ABC-CLIO, Inc., ISBN 1-57607-348-3. * Elder, Joseph W. (2006), "Caste System", Encyclopedia of India (vol. 1) edited by Stanley Wolpert, 223-229, Thomson Gale: ISBN 0-684-31350-2. * "Infrastructure: S&T Education", Science and Technology in India edited by R.K. Suri and Kalapana Rajaram (2008), New Delhi: Spectrum, ISBN 81-7930-294-6. * India 2009: A Reference Annual (53rd edition), New Delhi: Additional Director General (ADG), Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, ISBN 978-81-230-1557-6. * Prabhu, Joseph (2006), "Educational Institutions and Philosophies, Traditional and Modern", Encyclopedia of India (vol. 2) edited by Stanley Wolpert, 23–28, Thomson Gale: ISBN 0-684-31351-0. * Raman, S.A. (2006). "Women 's Education", Encyclopedia of India (vol. 4), edited by Stanley Wolpert, 235-239, Thomson Gale: ISBN 0-684-31353-7. * Setty, E.D. and Ross, E.L. (1987), "A Case Study in Applied Education in Rural India", Community Development Journal, 22 (2): 120–129, Oxford University Press. * Sripati, V. and Thiruvengadam, A.K. (2004), "India: Constitutional Amendment Making The Right to Education a Fundamental Right", International Journal of Constitutional Law, 2 (1): 148–158, Oxford University Press. * Vrat, Prem (2006), "Indian Institutes of Technology", Encyclopedia of India (vol. 2) edited by Stanley Wolpert, 229-231, Thomson Gale: ISBN 0-684-31351-0.