Central to the theory is the belief that play is vital within a child’s learning, and places much emphasis on free-flow play. In 1997 she stated ‘When play is at its most fruitful, it is in ‘free-flow’. (1)…
Children at play co-ordinate their ideas, feelings and make sense of their relationships with their family, friends and culture.…
“…..Many children have no access to a garden (let alone the beach) their streets are full of cars; school playgrounds are usually flat, sterile areas of concrete which offer no interest or little opportunity for interaction.”…
Pg. 97). Spontaneous and joyful, subversive or amusing, play can take many forms in daily life as well as in contemporary art. Historian and cultural Theorist, Johan Huizinga gives one…
Generally, and in terms of human development, adults have better abilities and skills to express themselves verbally than children. They may seek counseling to process or resolve complex feelings; ultimately seeking a solution to their pain. On the contrary, children may not understand their overwhelming feelings and play therapy can assist them in expressing their thoughts and feelings about their life and those around them through their natural language; play. An example of a play therapy intervention is the traditional use of a sandtray. This paper will review a child’s participation in a sandtray activity. The sandtray process will be reviewed, including treatment and recommendations for the participant.…
Children who spend most of their day in one environment need surfaces that respond to them, not hard surfaces that they must conform to. Sand, water, grass, rugs and pillows, and the lap of a caregiver respond to a child’s basic physical needs. Flexible materials and equipment. Children can use sand, water, or play dough in a variety of ways, depending on their maturity, ability, past experience with the materials, interest, and involvement. A jigsaw puzzle, on the other hand, has only one correct solution.…
The video, "Module 1: When a Child Doesn't Play, Identifying Play Problems and Teacher Interventions" from the video file of Hand-in-Hand: Supporting Children with Play Problems, produced by Educational Productions Inc. (1992), informs the importance of playtime for young children because the playtime is the learning time for them; therefore, if a child does not play, early childhood educators must carefully conduct an observation of the child, reflect gathered information, and set a goal of the intervention for the child's play problem. During children invest their time to play with materials and friends, they are exercising the important skills in, such as social, emotional, physical, cognitive, creative, and language and literacy development.…
Pellegrini, A. (2009). Pretend play (Chapter 10). In A. Pellegrini The role of play in human development. Weisberg, D.S., Hirsh-Pasek, K., and Golinkoff, R.M. (2013).…
While examining the relevance of past research, I looked at the trustworthiness of authors listed in the bibliography and the body of research already represented on play. Using the bibliography as a guide, noted researchers in the field were listed giving relevance to the study. Current literature was used from Creswell’s expertise on research design. Vygotsky, Piaget, and Freud were sources who represented the foundation in how children learn. The gurus of physical education were not mentioned, Rink, Cooper, Sallis and MacKenzie. Therefore, I talked with Dr. Scott Arrington, physical education and health teacher at West- Oak Middle School who stated…
This article is recent, published within a peer-reviewed journal. The author-conducted research is empirical, qualitative and phenomenologically designed, uniquely enabling children to describe their play therapy experiences and identify factors that influence these experiences.…
A review of recent literature This presentation is a review of the recent, English-language (mostly peer reviewed) qualitative research on children’s play. It focuses on the place play has in children’s experience and giving sense to the world. Thus, it will leave aside the large and important body of research on the effect or outcomes (benefits and possible harmful consequences) of play which however tells us little on why children like to play so much and in particular on why they play so intensively, on why they are so much absorbed by play. A much more elaborate version of the review will appear in the new edited ICCP book on children’s play. Here, I will focus on just some of the recent contributions and trends in the field; I will not consider methodologies, although the recent turn to visual methods (especially photography) as complementing the very diverse observational methods, should certainly be mentioned in this context (Burke, 2005; Kernan, 2005). In reviewing research on children’s play in the field of folklore, Ackerley (2003, 11) notes a “trend away from the consideration of what children play, to the investigation of why and how these folklore traditions are kept alive”. The comprehensive collections of children’s games “have given way to greater consideration of the conditions under which such play occurs”. This is not only true for studies of ‘child lore’, but for qualitative studies of children’s play in general. Recent research has started to give us a more detailed and more nuanced view of ‘how’ children play – the research on play and gender is a good illustration of this –, while research on children’s own experiences and sense-giving complement the longer established instrumental perspective on ‘why’ children (should) play. This is also related to a somewhat more…
Individuals pass through what we call the age of childhood. In this stage, children have their different pastimes depending on their field of interests and capabilities. This stage is critical because it involves one’s growth and development. The most common and unavoidable pastime of a child is playing. The type of play they do affect them physiologically, psychologically and socially.…
research. This article reviews the empirical studies in this area, including research methodologies such as the observation of free play, self-report methods, and experimental studies.…
All sort of quantitative or function-centred approaches seem to fall short here as well, even the ethnographic ones. On Huizinga´s way of thinking, play stands out as a free and meaningful activity, carried out for its own sake, and being so utterly absorbing that allows us to evade the immediacy of life and, by doing so, play sets its own territory on the soil of “reality”.…
Both qualitative and quantitative data will be collected to assess children’s social skills in terms of their interaction with their peers and teachers. The tools will guide us in understanding parents’ and teachers’ perspectives on outdoor free play and provide concrete evidences of children’s socio-emotional development while participating in outdoor free play. With this considerations in mind, semi-structured interviews, observations, rating scales and questionnaires will be used.…