KYRGYZ AND RUSSIAN SCIENTISTS
Stud. Dzhumanalieva Aizhan
Kasym Tynystanov
Kasym Tynystanov (1901–1938) was a famous Kyrgyz scientist, politician and poet. He served as the first Minister of Education of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Early life
Kasym Tynystanov was born in 1901 in the village of Chirpykty in the Issyk Kul Province. He learned to read and write the Arabic alphabet from his father. He went to school between 1912 and 1916 in Karakol and Sazonovka village of Ysyk Kul province. In 1916 after an unsuccessful revolt against Tsarist authorities, most of the residents of Ysyk Kul, escaped to China, Kasym and his parents were among them. They returned in December 1917. After he moved to Almaty, where education opportunities did exist. Нe entered the Kazakh Institute of Education in Tashkent.
Major linguistic work
Development of the Kyrgyz alphabet
Kasym started to develop the first Kyrgyz alphabet while a student. His first screenplay written in Kyrgyz, in his alphabet, was for a theatrical performance called Alymkul. Unfortunately, the manuscript was lost after Kasym's arrest. Some of his poems and prose were published in Kazakh newspapers in Kyrgyz script since 1922. We therefore could assume that his alphabet was well-known among Kyrgyz students living in Tashkent. Kasym worked on his alphabet between 1921 and 1926; he finalized the alphabet for the approval of the Government in 1924 and started to work on Kyrgyz orthography, which was approved in 1927. In 1924, Kasym Tynystanov, O. Aliev, B. Daniyarov and several others formed a Scientific Commission, which developed a Kyrgyz alphabet based on Arabic script. They created the first Communist Party newspaper in Kyrgyzstan Erkin Too. The day when the first issue of the newspaper was published is considered the birthday of written Kyrgyz language.
On December 20, 1924 at the opening ceremony of the Academic Center at the Department of the People's Education (DPE), Kasym Tynystanov was appointed a