Money, T., Ehrhardt., 1972. Man and Woman, Boy and Girl, The differentiation and dimorphism of gender identity from conception to maturity. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press. [Online] Available from: http://www.gender.org.uk/about/ [cited 3 January 2009]…
Total for this Section: 60 marks Ideas about the nature of children have changed over time. The modern view is that children are fundamentally different from adults – innocent, inexperienced and vulnerable. Thus modern childhood involves segregation: children’s vulnerability means they need to be shielded from the dangers and responsibilities of the adult world. Childhood has become a specially protected and privileged time of life. Yet children were not always viewed in this way. Until the 17th century, childhood was regarded as a brief period (up to the age of about 7), after which the individual was ready to enter the wider world. Some sociologists argue that we are now witnessing a further change in the nature of childhood, and that the differences between childhood and adulthood are once…
Children tend to adopt their gender identity in their early life and develop preferences on how each gender should play their role. These media messages given out to such young children play such a powerful role in shaping gender norms. Our media these days stresses on girls of today’s society on how to depend on a man and for boys to be strong tough…
Childhood is a crucial stage in an individual’s development. It allows a kid to develop its own personality, to gain social experiences, and to determine the type of person that it will become. The innocence and purity of children is what keeps them from growing up too fast and from being pulled into the adult world too soon. In “Lullabies for Little Criminals”, Heather O’Neill explores the latter theme through the loss of innocence of Baby, the main character. Baby’s harsh social environment causes her to experience situations that deprive her from the beauty of childhood. Such experiences would include an early exposition to drugs, a stay in juvenile detention, and a life as a young prostitute.…
The main problem addressed in the introduction to The Purity Myth is how the concept of virginity has been used to oppress young women. Jessica Valenti’s primary claim is that the concept of virginity is a myth designed to hypersexualize young girls and link a woman’s worth to the men that she has been with sexually, thereby perpetuating misogyny.…
Throughout the course of the Girlstories seminar, we have discussed many narratives that center around the environments that women develop in. These environments shape their beliefs, their thoughts, and their characterization. The films, Killing Us Softly and Thirteen, apply this idea to a realistic setting that many young girls experience. Around the time of puberty, many young girls find themselves in a vulnerable state as their bodies and their minds develop and mature. These films highlight the enormous pressure and dangers that adolescent girls face due to the environment that society provides.…
Even though the daughter doesn’t seem to have yet reached adolescence, the mother worries that her current behavior, if continued, will lead to a life of promiscuity. The mother believes that a woman’s reputation or respectability determines the quality of her life in the community. A female’s sexuality must be carefully guarded and even concealed to maintain a respectable front. Consequently, the mother links various tangential objects and tasks to the taboo topic of sexuality, such as squeezing bread before buying it, and much of her advice is centered on how to uphold respectability. She scolds her daughter for the way she walks, the way she plays marbles, and how she relates to other people. The mother’s constant emphasis on this theme shows how much she wants her daughter to realize that she is “not a boy” and that she needs to act in a way that will win her respect from the community.…
This essay aims to discuss the relationship between historical discourses of childhood and people’s perception about childhood and recent child-related issues. It is argued that the discourse of innocence of infancy has great impact on how people think of the children sexual abuse issues including paedophilias.…
andYou have just learned how single mothers in poverty and the school uniform debate would be analyzed using the three sociological…
Rich Adrienne. 1980. Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existance. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 5 (4): 631-60.…
Gender roles are a delicate and controversial matter and easily have been one of the most debated upon topics since the beginning of time. When did they start? When will they end? How young are you when they start? These are all questions that have been asked numerous sociologists trying to figure out this aged question. Alice Munro depicts a minute aspect of a young girl’s life growing up already struggling with the gender role conflict, even at her young age.…
Gender identity has become a prominent topic in today’s society as people are becoming more aware of personal identity. Gender awareness is fundamental for self-assessment and predominant in our perception of others. Social pressures also influence gender as they create stereotypes that people are expected to follow. These societal definitions of male and female greatly impact childhood development as they create restrictions and regulatory mechanisms that guide conduct relating to one’s gender and sex throughout the course of life (Bussey and Bandura 1). Societal perceptions of gender play a fundamental role in childhood development; gender conceptions and roles are the product of a network of social influences operating on the basis of a…
Over the years, the question “should parents be concerned about the portrayal of teenage girls in the media?” has become a significant controversial moral issue in society. The portrayal of teenage girls in the media is a controversial moral issue because of the cultural sensitivity and the perceived intrusiveness of the subject. This issue primarily concerns the excessiveness of sexual content and unbecoming images of young women exposed through the media. Needless to say, this question leaves many parents ill at ease. Images, perceived norms and new trends are consistently being set for how young girls and women must look, act, think, and feel in order to be successful and accepted in today’s society. There has been an ongoing debate concerning moral actions that need to be taken to regulate the appropriateness of age sensitive material being permeated throughout the media.…
Childhood is a multifaceted concept. Above all, most nobly, it is about innocence. The sexualisation of young people through a combination of razor sharp marketing, explicit lyrics, photo shoots and music videos together with a general coarsening of culture, must have an effect on the younger generation. Sex sells. And in a world where young girls who can barely walk are placed in high heels and playboy t-shirts, where supposed role models like Miley Cyrus, are regularly seen in minimal clothing, gyrating, twerking and suggestively licking inanimate objects, there are arguments being put forward by parents that these images in the media, art and photography are harmful to children. While I myself do not have children, I do plan on having them and have spent some time in loco parentis as a nanny; I feel this issue is an important one that needs addressing and something that as a society we need to discuss. Over the years we have seen an increase in teenage drinking, sexual activity and other behaviour that is less than innocent1 in the UK. In a world where children are more vulnerable than ever, they are also more aware of their surroundings, which begs the question whether the radical behaviour of the nations children is the fault of the media or the parents. A staggering “one in five children aged five to seven are accessing the internet without supervision from a parent” and shockingly less than half of those have some kind of filtering software to prevent them accessing inappropriate and adult material 2. Everyone from doctors to teachers, the police to art critics and photo lab workers are continuously on the look out, even subconsciously for anything even slightly of concern where children are involved. Looking back throughout the time of photography being an art form readily available to the masses, almost every family has the innocent naked…
Gayle Rubin created the sex/gender system concept in the year 1975. She created this term to offer a new way of thinking about the difference between sex and gender. She defined the sex/gender system as “the set of arrangements by which a society transforms biological sexuality into products of human activity, and which these transformed sexual needs are satisfied” (WRWC, 2015). The sex/gender system has many explanations that attempt to address how our sex plays a role in how we learn gender. A few of these theories include: cognitive-developmental theory, social learning theory, gender schema theory, social interactions and gender roles, and lastly, performativity theory. In this essay I will explain how the sex/gender system is created and reinforced from the perspectives of feminist theorists.…