Shoulder Joint Research

The Shoulder Joint.The Shoulder is an enarthrodial or ball-and-socket joint. The bones entering into its formation, are the large globular head of the humerus, received into the shallow glenoid cavity of the scapula, an arrangement which permits of very considerable movement, whilst the joint itself is protected against displacement by the strong ligaments and tendons which surround it, and above by an arched vault, formed by the under surface of the coracoid and acromion processes, and the coraco-acromial ligament. The articular surfaces are covered by a layer of cartilage : that on the head of the humerus is thicker at the centre than at the circumference, the reverse being observed in the glenoid cavity. The ligaments of the shoulder are,
There might also be detachment of the labrum(anchorpoint of the shoulder capsule and ligaments) from the glenoid fossa. Occasionally, other structures around the shoulder, such as the rotator cuff muscles or the surrounding nerves, are injured. Associated fractures can also occur during a shoulder dislocation, especially in older athletes. Greater tuberosity fractures have been reported to occur in up to a third of anterior shoulder dislocation. The vast majority of dislocation are anterior dislocations in which the humeral head slips out through the front, but depending on the position of the arm at the time of the trauma, the humeral head might slip from the gleniod fossa through the back, producing a posterior dislocation.The initial treatment of an acute shoulder dislocation requires puting the shoulder back into place by placing the humeral head back into the glenoid fossa, also known as shoulder reduction.