Heroes are characterized by their intelligence and resourcefulness, strength, bravery, and loyalty. Based on this description, Odysseus, the protagonist of Homer’s epic poem The Odyssey, is a hero. In the section “The Cyclops”, Odysseus represents these five characteristics in many forms. His bravery is shown when he approached the Cyclops, Polyphemus, while trapped in his cave, to yell about not obeying the gods’ rule of treating guests well, as he was not, to Odysseus and his men. A portion of what he told Polyphemus was, “We would entreat you, great sir, have a care for the gods’ courtesy; Zeus will avenge the unoffending guest.” While hollering at him, Odysseus was very much in danger of being eaten alive, being so close and yelling at…
In Antigone, Sophocles illustrates two characters, Antigone and Kreon, whose morals clash throughout the play, leading to their inevitable fate. Although Kreon qualifies himself to become a leader of a city which grieves from the attacks of Polyneices, Antigone’s actions elicit more admirable qualities, because they stretch beyond the unthinkable and challenge the idea of authority. While Kreon tries to become a good leader, Antigone also becomes a leader in a sense, much like her father Oedipus, however one that believes the rules of the gods overpower the rules of the land in every situation.…
As we were told when we were young children, too much of a good thing is not a good thing. The same phrase can apply to aspects in lives now. Literature shows how pride can be a good thing, but too much of it is not. In fact, the opposite of pride, humility, is an extremely important value. The Bible and Edith Hamilton’s Mythology both show how a lack of the value humility will result in consequence through characterization and plot.…
Throughout the Oedipus trilogy by Sophocles, the Greek concept of hubris is a prominent cause of the constant disastrous results. Most characters who show great pride and self-confidence have disastrous consequences. The character most represented by this shortcoming is none other than Oedipus. Oedipus constantly shows his weakness of excessive pride.…
The conflicts that are created as a result are evidenced both through the original definition of hubris and the more recently developed definition. First, the original meaning relates to aggressive or violent behavior, as shown in the stories of both the Greek Icarus and the Roman King Oedipus; second, the later meaning couples pride with humility, as shown through the myths of the Greek Narcissus and Niobe, in addition to the Roman King Oedipus. Over time, these two definitions develop separately and come to work hand in hand to describe the full extent of hubris in ancient mythology. Regardless of whether the actions lead directly to the downfall, or the gods lend a hand in punishing overconfidence, the hamartia of hubris presents a consistent warning to the audience of the fatal effects of…
All though later punished for her denial of the law, Antigone ultimately made the correct decision. In Ancient Greece, it was a moral code to bury anyone and everyone, friend or foe. In the play Antigone, By Sophocles, Antigone has to choose between following this ancient duty or acquiesce…
"Cyclops, if any mortal man ever asks you who it was that inflicted upon your eye this shameful blinding, tell him that you were blinded by Odysseus, sacker of cities. Laertes is his father, and he makes his home on Ithaca” (Homer 500-505). Homer’s work of historical fiction, The Odyssey, is the sequel to his earlier story The Iliad. The Odyssey follows Odysseus after the events of the 10 year Trojan war and his long journey home. He clashes with many monsters and it always seems that his pride gets the better of him. The quote above is Odysseus bragging to Polyphemus that he had blinded him, showing how prominent his ego is after clashing with the cyclops. This ego and several other mistakes lead to Odysseus’s entire crew being dead and taking 20 years to return home. Odysseus is not a hero. He was unfaithful to his wife and all of his crew is dead.…
Undoubtedly, impulsiveness and rash behavior can have severe repercussions, yet Odysseus does not appear to come to this realization. Constantly, he disregards cautionary advice and danger signs that could prevent unwanted predicaments. Nonetheless, his actions are regretted when he encounters a vicious giant named Polyphemus. While sailing, Odysseus spots the infamous Cyclops Island, home of behemoths, and despite his crews’ apprehension, Odysseus proceeds to cross uncharted waters. As a result, Odysseus and his men have to battle for their lives as they scarcely escape Polyphemus’s cave. Luckily, most of them make it out in time to dodge the wrath of the Cyclops, however, they are no closer to returning home due to Odysseus’s careless judgment.…
We have all experienced something that could be related to a challenge faced in the Odyssey. Everyone knows what it’s like to be greedy, we’ve all been tempted and FALLEN into temptation, as well as we’ve all had somebody try to hurt us at some point or another. It’s amazing how a piece of writing that dates back to before people even began to write can hold up life lessons to the day that everyone has a miniature computer in their pocket. I feel as though the…
“To err from the right path is common to man.” (Sophocles) Generally speaking, a Greek tragic story is a term used to describe a character and their fall from greatness, where one who is intrinsically virtuous, ends up losing everything they have due to a fatal mistake. In Sophocles Antigone, the classic hero may be described as having the tragic Greek heroic personality, containing traits such as arête (excellence), hubris (excessive pride), ate (blind recklessness), and nemesis (disastrous retribution). Though most mythological heroes contain these qualities on the surface, in Sophocles’ Antigone, the author chose to develop his heroic personalities, rather than leaving them simply present. In doing so, Sophocles developed the character Creon,…
The main theme for Antigone is that people sometimes have to learn the hard way from…
These myths were told to people and it helped them realize the difference between right and wrong. It helped them come to terms with understanding their own humility and it also helped them gain an understanding that they should never think themselves higher than their immortal gods. These myths tell the tales of mighty heroes and how their greatness was achieved while at the same time illustrating the flaws these heroes had in their personal quest to become gods. A deeper look into the Trojan War reveals meanings, attitudes, and life lessons that the Greeks were very adamant in preserving for the betterment of their society and to the world around them. These tales seldom ended in happy endings like the ones we are accustomed to observing in our culture today and is important to remember that they weren’t written solely for entertainment—they were written with a greater purpose. In truth, these myths give people the opportunity to glimpse at the way the Greeks lived and how they thought back then. These myths were an integral part of ancient Greek culture, this was how they passed down lessons from…
Morals are defined to be the principle of what is right from what is wrong. What defines whether something is right or wrong is based purely on ones judgment and perspective. Staying true to personal beliefs and morals can sometimes be problematic to retain when conflicting with the written law. In Antigone by Sophocles, Antigone disregards the decree of her uncle Creon, King of Thebes, which forbids anybody to bury Antigone’s brother Polynices who was killed in battle. Although Polynices is considered a traitor to the land of Thebes, Antigone feels that to respect the wishes of the gods she must burry him. She faithfully acts upon her morals, even though they oppose the law. However, in the story “On the Rainy River” by Tim O’Brien, Tim is not so persistent with his loyalty to his morals. Although he is very against the war he has been drafted into, in the end he ends up going to battle due to his fear of letting his family and country down. While both Tim and Antigone struggle with a moral decision, Antigone is more genuine than Tim about her commitment to her beliefs and as a result ended up having a greater impact on her society and family.…
Nobody is perfect, therefore, everyone has a flaw. However, our flaws are not what define us; it is what we can transform our flaws into that defines us. In two very similar stories this exact idea is conveyed. The Odyssey by Homer illustrates Odysseus's difficult journey of his return from the Trojan war. Similar to this, Unbroken by Laura Hillenbrand describes Louie's everlasting quest of survival. Although some may consider these two characters heroes, they both have fatal flaws. Louie possesses qualities of stubbornness, while Odysseus is very arrogant. In the end, it turns out to be that without their fatal flaws, they would not have their greatest attribute.…
Many people from the past have told the stories about hubris and today we still talk about it. Hubris is a word which means “foolish pride”. In Greek myths, it talks about a mortal thinking that they are either better or wiser than the supreme Gods and Goddesses. Now this is what causes the trouble. In these myths, they all have a meaning about life. It also teaches us a very important lesson.…