Sn1 Reactivity Of Tert-Butyl Chloride
In this experiment, the objective is to successfully perform an SN1 reaction to determine the reactivity of tert-butyl chloride, through the usage of sodium iodide/silver nitrate reagents and to synthesize tert-butyl chloride. The tert-butyl chloride was synthesized through the use of separation (aqueous and organic layers) and distillation. Tert-butyl chloride is the alkyl halide which is being synthesized throughout the course of the experiment. Alkyl halides are derived from alkanes. Once an alkane has its original hydrogen atom replaced with a halogen, it is now considered an alkyl halide (UC 2016). This experiment utilizes chlorine as the halogen that takes the place of the hydrogen atom. Alkyl halides are versatile, and with little effort
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SN1 reactions typically take place over the course of two steps. The first step is the slower of the two steps. It involves the departure of a leaving group, which forms a carbocation as the bond between the carbon and leaving group is ionized. This step can be expedited through the use of polar solvents or alkyl halides. The second step of an SN1 reaction entails the formation of the substituted product by a nucleophile attacking the carbocation (Weldegirma 2016). The SN2 reaction is quicker than SN1 reaction because it is a concerted mechanism. This means that the two parts of the reaction occur simultaneously. The two parts of the reaction include the leaving group getting displaced, and the nucleophile’s attack. In an SN2 reaction, there is something called a backside attack. A backside attack involves the unshared electron pair of the nucleophile, attacking the carbon that bonds to the halogen that will be removed. This attack takes place on the face of the molecule that is opposite to the position of the leaving group (Weldegirma 2016). In SN2 reactions, there are two components involved in the transition phase. This differs from SN1 reactions because SN1 reactions have only one component in the transition phase. Also, SN2 reactions result in the molecule being inverted because of the backside attack (Curtis
SN1 reactions typically take place over the course of two steps. The first step is the slower of the two steps. It involves the departure of a leaving group, which forms a carbocation as the bond between the carbon and leaving group is ionized. This step can be expedited through the use of polar solvents or alkyl halides. The second step of an SN1 reaction entails the formation of the substituted product by a nucleophile attacking the carbocation (Weldegirma 2016). The SN2 reaction is quicker than SN1 reaction because it is a concerted mechanism. This means that the two parts of the reaction occur simultaneously. The two parts of the reaction include the leaving group getting displaced, and the nucleophile’s attack. In an SN2 reaction, there is something called a backside attack. A backside attack involves the unshared electron pair of the nucleophile, attacking the carbon that bonds to the halogen that will be removed. This attack takes place on the face of the molecule that is opposite to the position of the leaving group (Weldegirma 2016). In SN2 reactions, there are two components involved in the transition phase. This differs from SN1 reactions because SN1 reactions have only one component in the transition phase. Also, SN2 reactions result in the molecule being inverted because of the backside attack (Curtis