THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE
Background of the Study Describes the prevailing problem situation at the global, national and local levels (broad perspectives to narrow perspectives). Explains what the study is all about. Should arouse the interest of the readers.
Statement of the Problem The researcher has to identify the specific problem existing within the specific area of interest which his research will seek to address. The statement should provide the researcher with considerable direction in pursuing the study.
Purpose of the Study This refers to the general aim for wanting to carry out the study. The purpose should not be a reproduction of the title, but should be a summary statement of the reason why the study is being proposed.
Research Objectives These are finer statements of what is to be accomplished, which emanate from the purpose of the study. They specify more directly what the researcher is going to do. While the purpose is a general statement of the aim of the study, the objectives must be specific. Should state properly and clearly the general and specific objectives that should jive with the research questions. Ideally, the research objectives should be measurable, attainable and feasible.
Research Questions The research questions must be stated in question form and in a way that they are synchronized with the research objectives.
Hypothesis
The research hypothesis is a tentative explanation of the research problem. It is also a tentative answer to the research problem and can be an educated guess about the research outcome. Not all researches need a hypothesis, therefore, if the study is hypothesis free, an ASSUMPTION may take its place. The hypothesis must be stated where it is applicable. Ideally, the hypothesis can be in null or alternative form.
Scope This specifies the boundaries of the research. The geographical scope defines the location or site of the study.