PERSONAL PROFILE
Sultan Saladin (1138-1193) was born in Tikrit, Iraq and was a Kurdish Muslim. Saladin’s full name was Salah Ad-din Yusuf Ibn Ayyub meaning Righteousness of Faith. Saladin founded the Ayyubid dynasty and he became first sultan to rule Egypt and Syria reigning from 1174 to 1193. He was a great military leader who was admired and respected due to his noble and chivalrous qualities. Furthermore, he treated his prisoners honorably and was a man of his word.
CAPTURE JERUSALEM
July 03, 1187, Saladin attacked the Crusaders in Jerusalem. Saladin’s army surrounded the Crusaders near the West Bank in Lake Tiberias Heyting. His armies set bushes on fire to smoke the Crusaders out. A large number of Crusaders died from thirst because they did not have enough water. The next day, on July 04, 1187, at the Battle of Hattin, Saladin faced combined forces of Guy of Lusignan, King Consort of Jerusalem and Raymond III of Tripoli. Saladin crushed the Crusaders. The Kingdom of Jerusalem surrendered.
After capturing Jerusalem, Saladin signed an agreement saving Christians. He spared the lives of many Christians, and he also guaranteed their safe departure along with their property and belongings. Part of the condition of the surrender of Jerusalem, was that each Christian pays her or his ransom. Thousands of Christians were women, who were unable to pay the ransom. To save them from slavery, Saladin and his brother paid the ransom out of their own pockets. Saladin’s chivalrous qualities are evident by sparing the Christians and paying their ransom. Saladin set an example of tolerance, progressive, and inclusive faith. He showed restraint and peaceful treatment, upholding freedom of religion and protection of non-Muslims.
He also treated the prisoners very well except for Raynald de Chatillon. Saladin executed Raynald de Chatillon for his attacks against the Muslim caravan because he ignored the truce between the Muslims and