Why Did The Crusades Dbq

1. After centuries of being a place for pilgrims, the Holy Land was conquered by Seljuk Turks. The Seljuk turks have closed the pilgrimage routes and attacked many Christian pilgrims. We have also been informed that they attacked Christian lands held by the Byzantines in Anatolia.
2. In 1096, a French monk known as “Peter the Hermit”, used it intense and fiery sermons to unite a group of disorganized peasants and soldiers. The group quickly went eastward for Constatinople in what is now being referred to as the People’s Crusade. The Crusade did not turn out very well however, because nearly all of the crusaders were killed by Turkish soldiers.
3. European lords have reportedly organized a proper military force which consisted of four armies. The first army, led by the
French lord Godfrey of Bouillon, with the Duke of Lower Lorraine and part of the Holy Roman Empire, set out in August 1096. However, about four months later, the group finally reached the set at the Byzantine Empire on the Black Sea. Our resources say that the other three armies have been hailing from kingdoms in southern Italy, southern France, and Belgium.
4. We have news that in 1097, all four of the armies had reached Constantinople, where they formed one big army that numbered nearly 30,000 soldiers. The Crusaders rallied and continued eastward to confront the Mulsim Turks and to restore any lands that they conquered to the Byzantine emperor. Our sources are also saying that in August 1098, the Crusaders finally reached Jerusalem and then laid siege to Jerusalem just a month before the keepers surrendered. Here is a map of of all the movements of this first Crusade.
5. Our sources have given us reason to believe that in responce to the Turkic ruler Saladin taking jerusalem, the call went out all across Europe to start antoher Crusade. Three kings answered this calling: Emperor Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, King Philllip II of Freance, and King Richard I of England. We have been told that along the way of their Crusade, Frederick Barbarossa has died and Phillip returned to Europe after the capture of Acre in 1191. With lots of hope, Richard led many campaigns against Jerusalem, however, in 1192, Richard and Saladin reached a truce. Here are the terms of their peace: Saladin’s Muslim empire kept control of Jerusalem but allowed Christians to visit the city and their shrines. Here is a map of all of the movement throughout this Crusade.
6. In 1212, we have reason to believe that religious passion and poverty gave rise to what is being referred to as the “Children’s Crusade”. We have two sources-Nicholas of Cologne and Stephen of Cloyes-who have each claimed to have received a message from God to keep fighting to retake Jerusalem. Our sources say that each young man has rallied about 30,000 people for their cause, however, we believe that neither groups were able to reach the Holy Land. We will keep you all up to date on this information when we learn more.
7. According to our source of information, Nicholas led his group to Rome, where the Pope (Pope Innocent III) released him and his group from their vow. Meanwhile, Stephen led his group to Paris, where he delivered an appeal to the French king and was ignored. Filled with determination, Stephen and his followers all continued to Marseilles and were believed to have ended up in the slave markets of North Africa.
8.
Around the year 1217, led by King Andrew II of Hungary, the Fifth Crusade first went to the Holy Land and then to Egypt, but in the end failed. Frederick II of the Holy Roman Empire however, angry at the outcome of the fifth Crusade, led the Sixth Crusade. This Crusade succeeded in reclaiming the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1228. The kingdom however was destroyed by civil war that made it vulnerable to Mulstim attack.
9. We were just informed that King Louis IX of France led two more expeditions which grouped together form the Seventh Crusade. This Crusade failed to make any territorial gains, and the last stronghold of Christendom in the Holy Land, Acre, fell to the Mamluk Empire in 1291.
10. To briefly explain the advantages of the Crusades, the Crusades contributed to the construction of many European castles and missions and in the end gave more power to the Church. The Crusades also helped opening up trade in a number of ways including-Christian pilgrimage routes were reopened, the use of coin currency increased, and Europeans developed an increased interest in the spice trade and East Asia. The exchanges that took place during the Crusades also helped the spread of Islamic math and
science.