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Superior Iliac Spine

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Superior Iliac Spine
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine, or, ASIS for short

a) b) c)
Figure 1. a)Anterior view of the torso with Anterior superior iliac spine of both sides circled in yellow, b) torso with location of both sides of ASIS relative to muscles above and tendons below, c) location of ASIS identified.

a) b) c)
Figure 2. a) Lateral view of torso and lower limb with ASIS marked in yellow, b) anatomical structure of ASIS location relative to the superficial muscles of external oblique above it and tensor fascia
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a)Anterior view of left AC joint marked out in yellow, b) anatomical structures showing the location of the AC joint relative to the superficial muscles above and below and clavicle anterior to it, c) with location of the AC joint identified in yellow. (Palastanga, 1998)

a) b) c)
Figure 2. a) Lateral view of the right AC joint circled in lime green, showing the clavicle anterior to it and acromion of scapula posterior to it, b) and the surface image, c) with the location of the AC joint circled in lime green. (Palastanga, 1998)
AC joint is one of the four joints in the shoulder girdle. It sits directly superior to the Glenohumeral joint, separated only by a synovial bursa. The Subacromial bursa offers lubrication for the tendon and joint , and is a gliding joint. (Palastanga, 1998)
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(Tortora, 2003)

Innervation
Long Thoracic Nerve. (Tortora, 2003)

Action
It causes protraction of the scapula that it attaches, moving the scapula laterally towards the front, it is also activated during a push up exercise, according to (Tortora, 2003, p. 342). It assists the trapezius muscle in supporting weights above the shoulder like doing a vertical press up with elbows pointing in the front. It assists the pectoral and subclavius muscles in spontaneous breathing when the thoracic cavity expands. (Gray, 2007)

Soleus muscle

a) b ) c )
Figure 1. a) Anterior view of right shank and medial view of left shank and the anatomical structures of the Soleus muscle relative to the tibia anterior to it and gastrocnemius muscle superior to it, b) the surface image, c) with the location of the soleus of both shanks identified in yellow. (Martini, 1998)

a) b)

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