Systemic Lupus Erythematosis: A Case Study

Systemic Lupus Erythematosis is an autoimmune disease in which organs and cells undergo damage mediated by auto antibodies and immune complex deposition. SLE is more common in black females (>90%) whereas it is relatively rare in white males (<10%). Female preponderance in SLE is explained by hormonal differences between genders and the genes located on the X chromosome such as TREX -1 gene which is believed to play a major role. Women of child bearing age, who are on oral contraceptive pill or Hormone Replacement Therapy, are at an increased risk of developing SLE (1.2-2 folds). Estradiol binds to receptors located on T&B lymphocytes and increases their activity and survival favoring prolonged immune response. Due to this females of many mammalian species generate higher antibody response compared to males. Individuals with Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY) have a
Early screening and treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis is achieved by close monitoring and follow up of patients with class V lupus nephritis. Low C3 compliment levels, thrombosis and doubling of serum creatinine are identified as predictors transition (3).
Musculo skeletal system is involved in 53-95% of SLE patients. The joint involvement in SLE is classically described as non erosive, non deforming athritis/arthralgia primarily affecting the small joints of the hands, wrists and ankles. Presence of anti CCP antigens which is prevalent in 8% patients is strongly suggestive of inflammatory arthritis.Synovial effusions are infrequent in SLE and when they occur they tend to be small.
Tenosynovitis has been noted in 10-40% of patients with SLE. Our patient only developed arthritis which dramatically responded to NSAIDs and